Describe the approaches to the definition of phraseology.
In the process of communicating the word, combined with other words, form a phrase that, having become an integral part of the sentence, acts as a kind of "block of translation." Because of the specifics of structure and content, a special place among them occupy re-worded phrase, known as phraseological units (FO), or phraseologisms. Due to its specificity, phraseologisms are an actual subject of translation studies. R. P. Zorivchak, who carried out the classification of phraseologisms, first drew attention to the inter-systemic nature of phraseologisms constituting a certain level of language, and the corresponding features of their translation. However, the research paradigm has changed somewhat. The structural concept of phraseologisms must inevitably change post-structural, or post-neoclassical, that, based on the interpenetrable synergy and the emergence of the object of research and the integrity of its consideration (chastity), can make new adjustments to the subject of analysis.
The integrity of the text, according to the modern post-classical approach, which explains the directions of systemic self-development, is predetermined precisely by "systemic" properties of the aggregate adaptive system as a combination of differently structured objects (including certain phrases) in this text. These properties (integrity, synergy, dynamism, symmetry, ergonomics, etc.), the realization of which in reinterpreted phrases due to the interaction of different structured subsystems exceeds the sum of individual constituent elements. Each of these properties has a certain specialization - symmetry and confirms the organizational correlation among the components of the phenomenon (for example, the elements of the composition of the phrase), synergy - the combined interaction of different types of systems (phonetics, semantics, syntax, connecting its components), the emergence induces the emergence of integrative qualities, absent from the components (for example, due to the rhythmic construction of the phrase, there is an inflamation of a certain mood), and ergonomics provides the necessary economies of effort in the process of m activities etc. In general, these properties, which ensure, through the interconversion of categories, structural self-organization and self-regulation of the adaptive system, which is both the text and the phrases that make it, help to form the integrity of these phenomena that are in a moving (dynamic) equilibrium.
|
|
|
The combination of both single- and multi-level elements of the system, which is observed in the constant redefined phrases, has the consequence of different types of interrelationships of the synergistic nature, which are the basis of stable phrasal combinations (phraseologisms). This is a semantic integrity, or semantic instability (as a result of which the meaning of several words is perceived as a whole); the metaphor of a new integral value based on a certain image that becomes the internal form of the FO (for example, to turn his head in the sun, like a sunflower, where the word sun is the inner form for the word sunflower); different degrees of motivation of the internal form of phraseologism and expressiveness; formal completion of the FO (ie, the presence of at least two full-fledged words in the FO); the relative stability of the structural composition or the integrity of the FD as the reproducibility of the combinations, which (according to psycholinguistic experiments) are stored in our memory by the units of speech; insignificant possibility of their verbatim translation in other languages.
On this basis, phraseologism is a relatively stable, socially determined lexical-grammatical unity of two or more distinctly decorated components, grammatically organized by the model of a phrase or sentence, which expresses on the basis of (often erased) the image a holistic re-meaning of meaning, which is automatically reproduced by the speakers as ready to use unit of language.
The set of revealed signs significantly distinguishes phraseologisms from words or free phrases, which allows some scholars to speak about the phraseological level of language and about phraseologisms as a unit of translation. This approach raises some doubts at first. Traditionally, language levels cover their units by the type of combination and operation. These considerations are confirmed by the fact that phonemes on the phonetic level function on the basis of their interconnectedness in the perceptual flow of morphemes, morphemes at the morphological level - on the basis of their combination in the word, words at the lexical level - based on their combination in syntagmas, syntagms (phrases) on the syntactic level - based on their combination in sentences, sentences on a text level - based on their combination in the text. However, phraseologisms, which in its form form syntagma (phrase) of the syntactic level, express, however, values from the lexical level and can form sentences of the text level (proverb, proverb), that is, they belong to at least three levels. In this way, standard language levels can be imagined as horizontal planes, and phraseological - as a unifying vertical or intermediate level. This, in our opinion, testifies to the synergetic organization of the language system, the interpenetration of which elements contribute to its self-development.
|
|
|
If the FO of English expresses exactly the opinion of the author and at the same time is not related to the realities of Ukrainian life, history and geography, and keeping the letter of the original obscures its meaning, we have the right to replace the proverb Ukrainian with a foreign language. However, "the reader, in spite of the translator, will come closer to him."
Дата добавления: 2018-06-01; просмотров: 294; Мы поможем в написании вашей работы! |
Мы поможем в написании ваших работ!