I went to the reading-hall to read this article. Я ходила в читальний зал, щоб прочитати цю статтю
EXERCISES (Вправи)
Ex.1. Визначте форми інфінітива:
to manage, to be represented, to have determined, to be improving, to have been distributed, to have expended, to be ensured, to pay, to be solved.
Ex.2. Перекладіть наступні речення, звертаючи увагу на форму інфінітива.
I am happy to help you.
I am glad to have helped him.
He was glad to have been helped.
He is happy to have been helping them.
I am glad to be helping them.
I am glad to be helped.
Ex.3. Знайдіть еквіваленти таких англійських речень.
I was glad Я був радий
1. to read your new article 1. що прочитав вашу нову статтю
2. to have read your new article 2. читать вашу нову статтю
3. to be read your new article 3. що мені прочитали вашу нову статтю
4. to have been read your new article 4. що мені читали вашу нову статтю
We are happy Ми щасливі
1. to take part in the conference 1. що взяли участь у конференції
2. to be taking part in the conference 2. взяти участь у конференції
3. to have taken part in the conference 3. що беремо участь у конференції
4.to have been taking part in the conference 4. що брали і беремо участь у
конференції
She is pleased Їй приємно
1. to meet him 1. зустріти його
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2. to be met by him 2. що вона його зараз зустрічає
3. to have met him 3. що він її зустрів
4. to have been met by him 4. що він її зустрічає
5. to be meeting him now 5. що вона його зустрічала
6. to have been meeting him 6. що вона його зустріла
Ex.4. Перекладіть речення з інфінітивом на початку речення. Пам'ятайте, що інфінітив у функції обставини цілі перекладається на українську мову зі словами: щоб; для того, щоб, а інфінітив у функції підмета перекладається іменником або неозначеною формою дієслова.
1. To master English it is necessary to work hard. 2 To prove our statement we give you this information. 3 To meet the needs of export-oriented small and medium enterprises is important for the development of a private sector. 4. To secure the bank's stability the National Bank of Ukraine resolved to increase the amount of operating banks. 5. To manage - means to foresee. 6. To have a strong dollar doesn't necessary mean to have a strong economy. 7. To earn a living he became a salesman. 8. To satisfy the needs of consumers means to achieve the objectives of the firm and of society as a whole. 9. To arrange shipment the manufacturer must give full details of the products to the freight forwarder. 10. To get a better understanding of marketing means to look at things from the point of view of the marketing manager. 11. To achieve the objectives of the firm these managers had to make many decisions. 12. To form a North American Free Trade Area the United States has free-trade agreements with Canada, Mexico and Israel.
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Ex.5. Перекладіть такі словосполучення і речення. Зверніть увагу на те,що пасивний інфінітив у функції означення перекладається, як правило, підрядним означальним реченням з відтінком майбутності або модальності .
Зразок: The experimental data to be discussed …
Експериментальні дані, що будуть обговорюватися (які повинні бути обговорені) …
1... The data to be obtained... 2. The systems to be tested... 3. The money to be paid... 4. The salaries to be delayed... 5. The problem to be settled... 6. The results to be received may vary considerably... 7. Goods to be transported to Poland are stored at the railway station. 8. The items to be discussed at the next session were already agreed upon. 9. This was not a matter to be easily agreed upon. 10. The Secretary general was the first to raise this question. 11. This question will be discussed at the conference shortly to open in Paris. 12. A few years ago New-York became the first state to provide day care. 13. The need to choose is imposed on us all by our income, wealth and ability to borrow. 14. Safety, rate of return and liquidity are factors to consider. 15. One of the first things to think about when you save money is safety. 16.Eсonomic linkages, currency control and price liberalization are all issues to be determined. 17. Goods to be exported are kept in a warehouse. 18. Importers may wait for up five days for goods to be delivered once they have arrived in the UK.
Ex.6. Перекладіть наступні речення на українську/ російську мову. Зверніть увагу на переклад інфінітива як іменної частини складеного присудка.
Зразок: Our aim is to give them economic support.
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Наша мета полягає в тому, щобдати їм економічну підтримку.
(складається в тому, щоб)
1.The task of management accountants is to give management information it needs to make wise decisions. 2. The task of marketing research is to provide management with accurate, reliable, valid and current information. 3. The most important function of the Federal Reserve System is to manage the country's supply of money. 4. The goal was to research new customers of all economic levels. 5. The objective is to establish a leadership position in the market. 6. The first step in any marketing research project is to define the problem. 7. Management creates a team of workers whose specific task is to eliminate the bottleneck. 8. The basic purpose of a business is to produce goods or to provide services and to trade profitably. 9. The main lesson for traders is to avoid dealings with high-risk companies. 10. Britain’s intention is to increase its market share significantly. 11.The aim of this company is to capture a 30 per cent market share. 12. The main purpose of markets and middlemen is to make exchange easier and allow greater time for production, consumption and other activities – including recreation. 13. The objective of a marketing exchange is to receive something that is desired. 14. One purpose of accounting is to help managers evaluate the financial condition and the operating performance of the firm so that they may make better decisions. 15. Another purpose is to report financial information to people outside the firm such as owners, creditors, suppliers, employees. 16. The trend today is to use computers since the process is often repetitive and complex and computers greatly simplify the task.
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