Ex.7. Прочитайте текст. Визначите функції дієслова” to be”
There is a congress in Prague. The theme of the Congress is "Science for Peace and Progress". Scientists from every continent are coming to the Congress. We are economists. There are 14 people on the list. We are from different countries. There are four ladies and 10 gentlemen in our group. One man is not coming, he is ill. The others are coming in a day or two. All members of our group are pleased to be in Prague. The city is wonderful. It is famous for its monuments and museums. The schedule is very busy. We are to take part in sessions, round-table talks, sittings, conferences, discussions. We are to make reports at conferences. We are going to work hard at the Congress. I'm lucky I have been sent to the Congress.
Ex.8. Bизначите функції дієслова “to be” . Перекладіть речення на українську/російську мову.
I
1. The meeting was attended by thousands of people. 2. The law was soon followed by another one. 3. World trade was affected by the war. 4. They were at home last night. 5. Money is anything that is generally acceptable in payment for goods and services. 6. Clearly, your bank book is not money, since you could not buy a ticket to the movies with it. 7. Travelers' checks are checks sold in a variety of denominations by banks and travel agencies. 8. The native Americans were unwilling to exchange food for small pieces of paper and metal. 9. Not only workers are being given a limited voice in managing some companies, but they are also becoming part-owners. 10. Barter is the exchange of one good or service for another.11. Managers are to decide what to do, how to do it, and whether the results match the original plans.12.The salesman main purpose is to sale. 13. Nationalized industries are firms owned wholly by the Government. 14. Some private firms are to be nationalized to rescue them from bankrapcy.15. The objective is to establish a leadership position in the market. 16. The consumer is really king. He is to decide what to buy. 17. Products that fail to satisfy are replaced by more attractive products.
Ex.9. Прочитайте прислів'я, визначите функції дієслова to be, спробуйте знайти еквіваленти в рідній мові.
1. A good beginning is half a battle. 2. Laughter is the best medicine.3. The golden age was never the present age. 4. The road to hell is paved with good intentions. 5. A man is known by the company he keeps. 6. Friendship is not to be bought at a fair. 7. Rome was not built in a day. 8. Men are not to be measured by inches.9. To know everything is to know nothing. 10. There is no rule without exсeption. 11. Where there is a will, there is a way.
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ФУНКЦІЇ ДІЄСЛОВА TO HAVE
To have + іменник
They have similar ideas on the firm’s expansion.
Смислове дієслово Вони мають таке саме уявлення про те, як розшити
справу.
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They have concluded a long-term contract.
Вони уклали довготривалий контракт.
To have + Інфінітив з to (зобов’язання)
Модальне дієслово The proprietor has to bear all the risks of the business.
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Власник повинен взяти на себе весь ризик щодо
ведення справи.
Ex.10. Визначте різноманітні функції дієслова "to have" і перекладіть речення на українську/російську мову.
1. For five years I have been studying international law at the University. 2. Britain has an economic system based on private enterprise and private supplies of capital. 3. The National Bank has a solid reputation. 4. Britain today has a mixed economy. 5. We had many difficulties in solving this problem. 6. Certain commodities have a wider market than others. 7. He has spent time in searching the place and finding out people's needs and then developed a product accordingly.8. Once a standard of quality has been established by a company, it should not be lowered, and it is the responsibility of workers and managers in that company to see that it is not.9. The material chosen has to have a reasonable life expectancy. 10. Nationalized industries don't have to make profit.11. When a West Germany firm imports American wheat, it has to pay for the purchase in dollars. 12. Modern marketing has to do with the building. 13. As the number of privately owned businesses has increased, economists have begun to refer to those nations as having mixed economies.
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