Theme 3. Functions of Science
The purpose of the lecture: analysis of the functions of science, defining the role and importance of scientific knowledge in the modern world.
Plan:
1. The functions of science.
2. Science and global issues of our time.
3. Science and modern education system.
Basic concepts: functions of science, global issues, and the educational system.
| The functions of science. The most important function of science is the production and multiplication of certain knowledge, which allows revealing and explaining the patterns of the world. This feature can be instantiated into a number of private and closely interrelated functions, such as cognitive, educational, technological, function rationalization of human behavior and activities, and others.
The modern science interacts with the various spheres of human life and society. We can distinguish three groups of science's social functions. Firstly, a function of cultural and ideological, and secondly, the function of science as a direct productive force and, thirdly, it functions as a social force, related to the fact that the scientific knowledge and methods are now increasingly used for solving a wide variety of problems arising in the course of social development.
Today features of science as a social force in the solution of global problems are very important.
Science and global issues of our time. Among the global problems caused by technogenic civilization and threaten the very existence of mankind, there are three main things[1].
The first is the problem of survival in the face of continuous improvement of weapons of mass destruction. Second, the problem of modernity becomes the growth of the ecological crisis on a global scale. The third problem relates to the need to preserve the identity of the person as a bio-social structure in terms of growing and inclusive process of alienation.
It is widely believed that the development of science leads to clearly undesirable consequences associated with the imperfection of science and technology. More convincing is another position that the negative effects of global scale are the result of the irresponsible use of scientific achievements. In this regard, in the philosophy of science raises the problem of responsibility of the scientist, as a theorist and practice.
In contemporary philosophy of science acute need for a new understanding of the phenomenon of science, it is necessary to relate the modern form of existence of science with the original or the very idea of science. This leads to the analysis of value-semantic content of science, its purpose and meaning. Philosophers of science have concluded a mismatch of science as a fact and science as an idea.
It is important to understand that the solution of global problems lies not in the rejection of scientific and technological development, and to give it a humanistic dimension, which, in turn, raises the issue of a new type of scientific rationality, which includes explicit guidelines and humanistic values.
Modern philosophers of science offered for solving the global problems the following ways.
Since it is the scientific and technological progress is the main cause of global problems, therefore, the solution of these problems is possible only through improving the technology.
As one of the main causes of acute global problems can be called dehumanization of culture, so out of the crisis is seen in the return of true humanism, when a person takes responsibility for his existence.
Global problems suggest and indicate disorder in the interaction of society and nature, the solution of global problems require bringing together the latest achievements of the natural sciences, facing the nature, installation, use of evidence-based findings in policy decisions, which ultimately will eliminate anthropogenic the effects of technological progress.
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Science and modern education system. With regard to the relationship between science and modern educational system, it is necessary to mention one important point - the basis of modern educational process is the scientific world and the world of education is based on research and best practices. Science involves directional impact on the educational process and may authorize the change in the structure of education, as It applies to all components: goals, means, results, principles, forms and methods. The educational process serves as a "source area", which is a meeting of the individual and of science.
The most common for the function of science and education is a focus on the survival of mankind by means of broadcasting subsequent generations not only a body of knowledge, but also the imperatives of the future.
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