XVII . Розкажіть вашим товаришам про особливості вишивок у різних районах України. Використайе слова Уроку 5.
XVIII 3 авдання: You brought the rushniks embroidered by your grandmothers from home.You are showing them to each other and are speaking about them.
LESSON 6
UKRAINIAN WEAVING
1.Прочитайте слова та запамятайте їх вимову:
endeavour; bestow ; style; inimitable; diversified ; yarn;dyed; vegetable ; purpose; embellished , girdle ;
square; striped ; brightly ; apron;occasion; successfully ;urban;cushion ; scheme ; conjunction; thorough .
2.Запам’ятайте слова та словосполучення :
Weaving - ткацтво; to play an important role – відігравати важливу роль; art tradition – художня традиція; to bestow – поміщати, наділяти; creative endeavour - творче зусилля; inimitable – неповторний, неперевершений; fabric - тканина; clothing fabric - тканина для одягу; house-hold fabrics -тканини для домашнього вжитку;. flax - льон; hemp - конопля; wool - шерсть; вовна; yarn - пряжа; нитка; to dye -фарбувати;
vegetable dye - рослинна фарба; depend on - залежать від; to embellish - прикрашати; by means of - за допомогою, garment - предмет одягу, одежина; girdle - пояс; cross-weaving -ткання способом "перебору"; inventiveness - винахідливість; to supplement - доповнювати; apron - фартух; dwelling - житло, дім; solemn occasion – урочиста подія; bench cover -налавник; table-cloth - скатерть; bed spread - покривало; to predominate - переважати; in conjunction - разом, спільно; "selecting" technique - техніка "вибору" ; napkin - серветка.
III . Виділіть у словах відомі вам суфікси та поясніть, до яких частин мови відносяться слова:
weaving, creative, national, execution, ornament, different, previously, imagination, inventiveness, dwelling, successfully, knowledge, skilful, combination, beautiful.
IV. На з віть інфінітиви таких дієслівних форм:
played, is, woven, creating, worn, being, had, produced, combining,
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V . Прочитайте та перекладiть текст (усно або письмово):
UKRAINIAN WEAVING
Weaving has played an important role in the life of the Ukrainian people.
The art traditions of Ukrainian weaving were formed during the process of age-long creative endeavours of the people, bestowing on this form of folk art an inimitable national character. Together with unity of style, Ukrainian weaving is greatly diversified as to colouring, manner of execution, material and character of the ornamental pattern.
Fabrics were previously divided into clothing and household fabrics, depending on their use. Flax, hemp and wool yarn, natural or dyed with local vegetable dyes, were used for weaving of fabrics. Depending on the purpose for which it was to be used, fabrics were embellished with various ornaments, and woven by means of different techniques. In the central areas of Ukraine, a popular form of women’s garment was a skirt (plakhta) held by a girdle. These skirts were woven from varicoloured yarn, mainly by the method of cross-weaving, and were ornamented with geometrical patterns arranged in squares. The folk craftsmen demonstrated their rich imagination and inventiveness in the ornamentation of the plakhtas, creating numerous remarkable patterns. In Podillya and an the Western regions of Ukraine the skirt was of one colour or striped, supplemented with brighty coloured арrons, , and it was called zapaska. The plakhtas and zapaskas were worn with girdles which varied in size, ornamentation and colour pattern.
An interesting group of fabrics is that of woven towels used to decorate the dwellings and on solemn occasions. The towels (made of high-quality white and red yarn) were woven by means of the cross-weaving technique. That technique was applied to produce а great variety оf ornamental patterns:
stars, birds, geometrical figures, tree branches and flowers.
The art of artistic weaving is being successfully developed by contemporary folk craftsmen .
Proceeding from national traditions the folk craftsmen create decorative fabrics which play an important role in the decorative embellishment of rural and urban residential and public buildings.
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By using different types of textile fibres and various weave techniques, folk masters produce a large variety of patterns with both textural and colour effects.
Ukrainian textiles, like the painted decorations, are characterized by vivid colours and highly varied designs.
Curtains, decorative sofa cushions, table-cloths, produced by the craftsmen of the Factory "The 8th of March", are distinguished by their decorative qualities and bright colours.
The craftsmen have demonstrated a thorough knowledge of their material, its qualities and possibilities.
Original woven goods are produced by the Factory in Boguslav, Kyiv Region, - carpets, bench covers, table-cloths, bed spreads, curtains and the traditional Boguslav towels. They represent the wealth of composition that can be achieved by skilful combination of the simplest geometrical elements of the ornament, the nature of which is conditioned by the weaving technology.Warm tints predominate in the colour scheme of the Boguslav goods, which in conjunction with black against a white or cream-coloured background, produce a beautiful colour harmony.
Skilfully combining the cross-weaving and"selecting" techniques the craftsmen of the Factory in Krolivets, Sumy Region, achieve fine results in the decoration of towels, table-cloths, napkins, curtains, ets, with floral and geometrical ornamental patterns.
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