Examination of a patient 24 hours after appendectomy revealed neutrophilic leukocytosis with a regenerative shift. What is the most likely mechanism of leukocytosis development?
C. *Intensification of leukopoiesis
153. A man with a stab wound in the region of the quadrilateral foramen consulted a doctor about it. Examination revealed that the injured couldn't abduct his arm from the body. What nerve is most likely damaged?
E. *n. axillaris
154. A 49-year-old driver complains about unbearable constricting pain behind the breastbone irradiating to the neck. The pain arose 2 hours ago. Objectively: the patient's condition is grave, he is pale, heart tones are decreased. Laboratory studies revealed high activity of creatine kinase and LDH\. What disease are these symptoms typical for?
A. *Acute myocardial infarction
155. An animal has an increased tonus of extensor muscles. This result of intensified information transmission to the motoneurons of the spinal cord through the following descending pathways:
D. *Vestibulospinal
156. It is necessary to take the cerebrospinal fluid from a patient with suspected inflammation of brain tunics. Diagnostic puncture was performed between the arches of the lumbar vertebras. During the puncture the needle went through the following ligament:
A. *Yellow (naval)
157. A microspecimen of the submandibular salivary gland shows some basket-shaped cells concentrated around the acines and excretory ducts. These cells surround bases of the serous cells and are called myoepitheliocytes. These cells relate to the following tissue:
D. *Muscular tissue
158. While on holiday in the countryside a boy found a spider with the following morphological peculiarities: body length of 2 cm, round black abdomen with two rows of red dots on its dorsal surface, four pairs of segmented extremities covered with tiny black hairs. Identify this arthropod:
D. *Karakurt spider
Lung ventilation in a person is increased as a result of physical activity. Which of the following indices of the external respiration is much higher than in a state of rest?
A. *Respiratory volume
160. A married couple consulted a specialist at the genetic consultation about probability of having children with hemophilia. Both spouses are healthy, but the wife's father has hemophilia. In this family hemophilia may be passed to:
D. *Half of sons
Autopsy of a man, who had been suffering from the multiple bronchiectasis for 5 years and died from chronic renal insufficiency, revealed that kidneys were dense and enlarged, with thickened cortical layer of white colour with greasy lustre. What renal disease might be suspected?
D. *Secondary amyloidosis
While playing volleyball a sportsman jumped and then landed across the external edge of his foot. This caused acute pain in the talocrural articulation, active movements became limited, passive movements remained unlimited but painful. In the region of the external ankle a swelling appeared, the skin turned red and became warmer to the touch. What type of peripheral circulation disorder has developed in this case?
A. *Arterial hyperaemia
An 18-year-old man was delivered to the hospital after a road accident. Examination at the traumatological department revealed multiple injuries of soft tissues of face in the region of the medial eye angle. The injuries caused massive haemorrhage. What arterial anastomosis might have been damaged in this region?
B. *a. carotis externa et a. carotis interna
164. A patient suffering from stomach ulcer has been treated with an antacid drug almagel. For acute bronchitis treatment he was prescribed the antibiotic methacycline. However within next 5 days the fever didn't fall, cough and sputum nature remained unchanged. A physician came to the conclusion that the drugs were incompatible. What type of drug incompatibility is the case?
E. *Pharmacokinetic, absorption stage
ECG of a 44-year-old patient shows signs of hypertrophy of both ventricles and the right atrium. The patient was diagnosed with the tricuspid valve insufficiency. What pathogenetic variant of cardiac dysfunction is usually observed in case of such insufficiency?
E. *Heart overload by volume
While examining the oral cavity a stomatologist revealed inflammation of papillae on the border of the median and posterior third of the back of tongue. What papillae are inflamed?
C. *Papillae vallatae
Examination of a patient revealed overgrowth of facial bones and soft tissues, tongue enlargement, wide interdental spaces in the enlarged dental arch. What changes of the hormonal secretion are the most likely?
E. *Hypersecretion of the somatotropic hormone
As a result of increased permeability of the erythrocyte membrane in a patient with microspherocytic anaemia (Minkowsky-Shauffard disease) cells receive sodium ions and water. - Erythrocytes take form of spherocytes and can be easily broken down. What is the leading mechanism of erythrocyte damage in this case?
A. *Electrolytic osmotic
169. A 58-year-old patient suffers from the cerebral atherosclerosis. Examination revealed hyperlipoidemia. What class of lipoproteins will most probably show increase in concentration in this patient's blood serum?
C. *Low-density lipoproteins
170. A patient who has been taking a drug for a long time cannot abruptly stop its use, because this may lead to psychic and somatic dysfunctions. Name the syndrome of different disorders caused by a drug withdrawal:
A. *Abstinence
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