Which muscle contraction will be observed in the upper extremity during holding (not moving) a load in a certain position?
D. *Isometric
56. After taking poor-quality food a patient developed repeated episodes of diarrhea. On the next day he presented with decreased arterial pressure, tachycardia, extrasystole. Blood pH is 7,18. These abnormalities were caused by the development of:
D. *Nongaseous acidosis
During an experiment the dorsal roots of the spinal cord of an animal have been cut. What changes will be observed in the innervation zone?
D. *Sensitivity loss
58. ECG study showed that the T-waves were positive in the standard extremity leads, their amplitude and duration was normal. The right conclusion would be that the following process runs normally in the heart ventricles:
E. *Repolarization
A female patient consulted a doctor about pain and limited movements in the knee joints. Which of the following nonsteroid anti inflammatory drugs should be administered taking into consideration that the patient has a history of chronic gastroduodenitis?
D. *Celecoxib
60. A patient consulted a physician about muscle rigidity, constrained movements, permanent arm tremor. The patient was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. What preparation should be administered?
A. *Levodopa
A married couple came to the genetic counseling. The husband suffers from the insulin-dependent diabetes, the wife is healthy. What is the probability that this couple will have an insulin-dependent child?
D. *Higher than throughout the population
62. Following exposure to radiation a lot of mutant cells appeared in a patient. Sometime later most of them were detected and destroyed by the following cells of the immune system:
A. *T-lymphocytes-killers
63. A man suffering from a hereditary disease married a healthy woman. They got 5 children, three girls and two boys. All the girls inherited their father's disease. What is the type of the disease inheritance?
D. *Dominant, X-linked
A 70-year-old patient suffers from atherosclerosis complicated by the lower limb thrombosis that has caused gangrene on his left toes. What is the most likely cause of the thrombosis origin?
E. *Thrombocyte adhesion
As a result of a road accident a driver has gotten a trauma. Now he is in shock condition and presents with a decrease in daily diuresis down to 300 ml. What is the main pathogenetic factor of such alteration in the diuresis?
A. *Arterial pressure drop
A patient with myocardial infarction was admitted to the cardiological department. For pain relief it was decided to potentiate fentanyl action with a neuroleptic. Which of the following neuroleptics is the most sui- table for neuroleptanalgesia?
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A. *Droperidol
67. Bacteriological examination of purulent discharges from the urethra revealed gramnegative bacteria looking like coffee beans. They were localized in the leukocytes and could decompose glucose and maltose to acid. These are the causative agents of the following disease:
A. *Gonorrhoea
A patient suffering from syphilis has been treated with bismuth preparations. As a result of it some grey spots turned up on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity; nephropathy symptoms were also present. What drug should be used for treatment of bismuth intoxication?
D. *Unithiol
In spite of treatment with cardiotonics and thiazide diuretic a patient suffering from chronic cardiac failure still presents with edemata and faces a risk of ascites. What medication should be administered in order to increase the diuretic effect of the above mentioned drugs?
B. *Spironolactone
A newborn child was found to have reduced intensity of sucking, frequent vomiting, hypotonia. Urine and blood exhibit increased concentration of citrulline. What metabolic process is disturbed?
B. *Ornithinic cycle
After the prior sensibilization an experi mental animal was given a subcutaneous injection of an antigen. The place of injection exhibited a fibrinous inflammation with alteration of the vessel walls, basal substance and fibrous structures of the connective tissue in form of mucoid and fibrinoid swelling and necrosis. What immunological reaction is it?
C. *Immediate hypersensitivity
72. Autopsy of a 49-year-old woman who died from chronic renal insufficiency, revealed: kidneys were dense, reduced, multicoloured, with haemorrhagic areas. Microscopic examination revealed some hematoxylin bodies in the nuclei of the renal tubule epithelium; "wire-loop" thickening of the glomerular capillary basement membrane; here and there in the capillaries some hyaline thrombi and foci of fibrinoid necrosis were present. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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E. *Systemic lupus erythematosus
73. After transfusion of 200 ml of blood a patient presented with body temperature rise up to 37,9°C. Which of the following substances is the most likely cause of temperature rise?
E. *Interleukin-1
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