ShadrinaNadezhda (St. Petersburg State University, Russia), Lytkina Olga (St. Petersburg State University, Russia). Social concepts in cognitive studies
Social Studies so popular nowadays may benefit from the framework of Cognitive Studies which explore rapid changes in the worldview: new fragments appear, the old ones disappear, there come changes in the well-known fragments. This is inherent to the social concept GENERATION. Linguocultural research of the linguistic units of the semantic-functional field which realizes this concept in speech reveals its aspects that are ignored in Social Studies.
TRANSLATION STUDIES
AldabergenovaAiym. Theoretical problems of the literary translation of American literatureof absurd
The theoretical problems associated with the practice of translating the American literature of the absurd of the 20-21 centuries are determined in the work. The phenomenon of absurd is presented in the report at the interdisciplinary junction: philosophical, psychological, and literary. To date, there is very little theoretical work devoted to the phenomenon of absurd in the literary text.Historically, the absurd was regarded as a philosophical category (Antisthenes, Aristotle, St. Augustine, E. Husserl, M. Heidegger, A. Camus, J.-P. Sartre) and only from the 50s of the XX century it became an object of literary criticism (R. Bart, N.M. Demurova, A.L. Taylor), and later linguistics (N.D.Arutyunova, Zh.Z. Leserkl, N. Malcolm, S. Stewart, etc.). Currently, linguists are more and more interested in translating the literature of the absurd. The literature of the absurd is characterized by a demonstration of senselessness, paradoxicality, absurdity and even the comicism of habitual life conventions, rules and laws, by the use of play by logical meanings, aimlessness of human existence, exposing misunderstandings between an individual and society. Accordingly, the translation of the absurd requires a deep understanding of the text of the original, the purpose and objectives of the author and the perception of the recipient. During the translation of the text stylistic, syntactic and lexical norms of translation, as well as rhyme and intonation of speech should take into account.
Anfinogenova Anna(St Petersburg State University, Russia). Variability of emotive lexemes corresponding to Russian emotive concept “embarrassment” in English translations of A.Chekhov's plays
The article is devoted to the lexico-semantic analysis of the English emotive lexemes which are the translation equivalents of the Russian emotive concept “embarrassment” used in the five plays by A.P.Chekhov. Analysis of the emotive concepts as the most important components of the linguistic picture of the world both English and Russian enables to determine some common and distinguishing features of English and Russian mentalities. The group of Russian emotive lexemes representing the concept “embarrassment” comprises different parts of speech (nouns, verbs, participles, adverbs). To provide comparative analysis the researcher applies to the English translations of A.P. Chekhov's plays made at different times by both famous and anonymous translators (five-six translations of each of the plays are under examination). The author identifies the types of lexical variability of the English emotive lexemes in the translated texts corresponding to the original source. Identification of syntactic types of Russian-English translation equivalents and their analysis will be of both theoretical and practical value to students (undergraduates).
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Chistov Vladimir(St Petersburg State University, Russia). Pragmasemantics of English constructions with modal verbs with respect to the speaker in the translational perspective
The paper deals with the main pragma-semantic functions of English utterances with modal verbs with translational perspective. The theoretic basis for the study includes the book by A.V.Bondarko “Categorization in the system of grammar” (see Chapter 5 of this book “The categories of grammar in their relation to the Speaker (Bondarko 2011: 244-258). Bondarko states that relations of semantics of the utterance to the communicative intention of the speaker (CIS) is widely considered as the belonging to the sphere of pragmatics. While analyzing grammatical semantics in its relation to the speaker it is necessary to take into consideration the point of view of the speaker on the meaning of respective grammatical form, on the one hand, and the position of the speaker presented in concrete utterances in the concrete speech situation.
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