Denisova Natalia(St Petersburg State University, Russia). Composition as context for title translation
The title of an artwork has an innate relation to its composition. Titles can even change the esthetic appreciation of paintings. For this reason, title translation is a serious challenge. The composition of a painting serves as context in relation to its title, while the title often reveals the original intention of the artist. The article discusses translation techniques used in title translation, offers a procedure to help render the intention of an artist into the target language, providing an adequate title
Fediuchenko Larisa. Metaphoric terms as a means of conveying technical knowledge
When teaching students-linguists to translate special technical texts, most teachers face the problem of not translation itself, but the problem of students’ misunderstanding of the source text. The lack (or total absence) of technical knowledge makes translation difficult or even impossible. Since the main semantic unit of the technical text is a term, it is first and foremost necessary to teach students to recognize it in the source text and extract from its semantics the necessary knowledge. The metaphorical nature of terms in this connection can be one of the criteria for recognizing the term in the text; secondly, the metaphorical nature of terms correlates with the degree of their technicality, i.e. the volume of special technical knowledge contained in the semantics of the term. In the current study, 427 metaphoric terms of oil and gas industry were analyzed, which were selected from the corpus of special texts devoted to oil and gas equipment (the total volume of the corpus is 650,000 words); the figurative and semantic structures of the identified terms are described. Based on the obtained results, we developed the criteria for the recognition of technical terms (it is proposed to distinguish three levels of technicality: low, medium, and high).
JanigováSlávka. Legilinguistic Approach to Translation of Legal English Terminology
The paper is aimed to present a legilinguistic approach to translation of legal terms. A legilinguistic method will be outlined as combining linguistic, legal-comparativistic and translatology tools in the analysis of legal terms which allows of making reasoned choices when selecting target language counterparts of source legal terms. It will be explained that there are three aspects which need to be considered when employing the legilinguistic method, namely, the governing law, legal domain and the syntagmatic and paradigmatic context. The justification of the method will be presented in terms of its being necessitated by the obvious clash of legal cultures when translating between common-law and continental-law terms. A legilinguistic analysis will be explained and shown and its tools will be exemplified by isolatation of tertiacomparationis for the conceptual-semantic decomposition (based on the legal comparativistics) from comparable SL and TL texts, and by employment of linguistic tools, such as taxonomic analysis of terminological fields and analysis of collocational potential of linguistic units. The paper will involve examples of comparative conceptual-semantic charts and taxonomic trees for selected terms from the domains of the law of tort, criminal law and business law. Finally, the most frequent categories of non-correspondences (conceptual gap, verbalization gap, systemic gap) will be presented and translation strategies will be proposed to compensate for the lack of direct correspondence between the SL and TL segments.
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Kovalenko Ekaterina. Issues of rendering language variation while translating a graphical novel
This article deals with the issues of rendering peculiarities in the idiolect of the character of a graphical novel (which is quite a new phenomenon in the modern literature itself) while translating it from English into Russian. While studying the methods of rendering lingua-cultural markers of an idiolect, the author takes into account the interconnection between both the linguistic and the graphic constituents of the graphic novel. Taking this aspect into consideration, the methods of rendering the linguistic markers of the narrators' shift (both lexical and grammatical) are of peculiar interest, especially if one of the narrators (or, to be more precise, - one of the narrator's guises) uses contaminated speech while talking. The article presents some kind of comparison between different methods of rendering the peculiarities of the the character's (and the narrator's) idiolects in the translation of a graphical novel in the respect of preserving the functional potential of such methods. To sum it up, some conclusions about the preferences in the use of different methods of rendering the character's idiolect in the translation of the graphical novel are made.
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