RaimovaRozalia. Metaphor from the point of view of conceptual integration (based on the novel «Animal Farm» by George Orwell)
The article deals with the cognitive metaphor research based on the theory of conceptual integration. A linguocognitive analysis of the metaphoric shifts is performed in George Orwell’s allegorical novel “Animal Farm”. The present investigation involves the process of metaphoric mapping of mental spaces, integration networks resulting in conceptual blending. In the course of analysis, zoomorphic conceptual metaphors (as part of the linguistic world-image in “Animal Farm”) are singled out and classified; integration networks are worked out according to the conceptual integration theory presented by G. Fauconnier and M. Turner. As a result the conceptual integration network of the basic world-images in the studied novel is developed. The research presents an advanced approach to the study of cognitive metaphor as a transition from G. Lakoff and M. Johnson’s conceptual metaphor theory to a more complicated structure of integration networks including numerous mental spaces and numerous mappings between them.
ShcherbakNina(St Petersburg State University, Russia).Structural and semantic realization of spatio-temporal relations in the novel “Ada” by Vladimir Nabokov
The aim of this article is to identify main characteristics of the narrative by Vladimir Nabokov (his novel Ada or Ardour), identify ways of constructing space and temporal relations, determine its anti-narrative practice. The article looks at the speech patterns following the concept of inner speech developed by Vygotsky and explores notions of texture and rhythmic accents, heterogeneity, lexical richness, metaphorical multilingualism, different space and temporal subsystems, narrative projections, all of which are characteristic of the texts by Nabokov.
TananykhinaAlla, Domracheva Svetlana
In the paper fairy-tale and fantasy worldview is being considered. Mostly the authors create new mini fairy-tales based on precedent texts. Commercial mini fairy-tales possess main fairy-tale characteristics – dramatis personae, their functions and motives. There are only main characters in commercial mini fairy-tales, fewer functions of dramatis personae and fewer motives of commercial texts because of limitation of advertising time. There is only one, rarely two motives which develop a plot, the motives correspond to precedent fairy-tales. Functions of dramatis personae are substituted for unusual functions, which are determined by a change of ultimate goal of a commercial fairy-tale (advertising of definite goods), and as a result, an unexpected dénouement appears. Fairytaleness at the lexical level is represented by names of well-known fairytale personae of folktales and, more rarely, literary fairy tales, attributes of dramatis personae and words connected with magic. There are also initial and final formulae of a fairy-tale in commercial fairy-tales. If the initial formula Once upon a time mostly remains invariable, the final formula Happily ever after undergoes changes.
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Zubakina Tatiana. Interpretational aspect of event metaphor modelling
Modern linguistics treats the significance of source authenticity while studying an event as the basics of discourse investigation. Linguistic aspects connected with the historiographical authentic data provide interdisciplinary character and scientific novelty to the work. We’ve studied the speech text “Sinews of Peace” with W. Churchill’s scrawling (from Churchill’s Archive Centre, Cambridge). The methodology of our study is based on the ideas of the conceptual theory of metaphor and cognitive modelling by means of metaphor. The focus of our investigation is metaphor-modelling (M-modelling) as a method of the reflection and interpretation of real historical events. M-modelling of an event by means of the text metaphor makes it possible to reach the author’s initial meaning. The hypothesis of our study is based on the theoretical ideas of Hayden White who considers the historical discourse to have been created by means of two levels: a level of facts and a level of metaphorical language. Comparing two levels of understanding of the discourse (literal “surface” of the discourse and figurative language), he accents the advantages of the latter in understanding the essence of a historical fact or event. We study the conceptual metaphor of the politician’s speech on the text surface level analysing language representation and mental models corresponding to the conceptual individual thinking. The interpretational potential of the author’s metaphor in contextual analysis is accented. According to contextual interpretations M-Model “World”–“Theatre” is perceived as a post-war period of contemporary history; “World” – “Illness”, “World” – “Crime” correspond to conceptual perception of war; while “World” – “Religion”, “World” – “Earth” are mentally perceived out of time.
CULTURAL LINGUISTICS
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