Task 2. Complete the sentences as in the text.
1 The main elements of design line, shape, space, —, value and color.
2 Design is what you think and feel as you — a Web site.
3 Superfluous — can interfere with understanding.
4 — pages are easier to read.
5 A skilled — can take widely different elements.
6 The — is international.
7 Provide — if the site has more than one hundred pages.
8 Use — to structure the content space into a starting page.
9 Some products may need zooming or — photos.
10 It is known the — spend most of their time on other sites.
Task 3. Form verbs adding the prefixes a) over- and b) en- to the given words and translate them:
to heat, to estimate, to charge, to work, to fill, to fulfill, to cool, to grow, to balance, to hear, to supply, to simplify, to use, to develop, to value; rich, sure, due, feeble, noble, close.
Task 4. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian. Pay attention to the use of modal verbs and their equivalents.
1 Every engineer must improve his technical knowledge. 2 You should have helped your friend with Web design. 3 All the preparations with headlines and page titles must have been completed long ago. 4 With this deeper understanding Web site builders will be able to apply more integrated design practices. 5 No matter what Web design you choose, it should express your individuality. 6 With Blue Voda you will be able to build a fantastic Web site like this. 7 How can you make margins? 8 Users might understand your site. 9 Not everything can be standardized. 10 You shouldn't leave this Web site.
Task 5. Discuss the following questions.
1 What is design in common?
2 What are the main elements of design?
3 Design is only what you see, isn't it?
4 What can interfere with understanding?
5 Why are well-designed pages so successful?
6 What is the role of graphics in this process?
7 Why you should place your name on every page?
8 What kind of photos can you use?
9 Why do users spend the most of their time on other sites?
10 Have you ever tested your design with real users?
Task 6. Work in pairs and discuss the questions.
1. Why do people have personal websites?
2. Have you ever visited anyone’s personal home page? What was it like?
Text 17B. TOP TEN MISTAKES IN WEB DESIGN
Bad Search
Overly literal search engines reduce usability in that they're unable to handle typos, plurals, hyphens, and other variants of the query terms. Search is the user's lifeline when navigation fails. Even though advanced search can sometimes help, simple search usually works best, and search should be presented as a simple box, since that's what users are looking for.
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PDF Files for Online Reading
Users hate coming across a PDF file while browsing, because it breaks their flow. Even simple things like printing or saving documents are difficult because standard browser commands don't work. Layouts are often optimized for a sheet of paper, which rarely matches the size of the user's browser window. Bye-bye smooth scrolling. Hello tiny fonts. Worst of all, PDF is an undifferentiated blob of content that's hard to navigate. PDF is great for printing and for distributing manuals and other big documents that need to be printed. Reserve it for this purpose and convert any information that needs to be browsed or read on the screen into real web pages.
Not Changing the Color of Visited Links
A good grasp of past navigation helps you understand your current location, since it's the culmination of your journey. Knowing your past and present locations in turn makes it easier to decide where to go next. Links are a key factor in this navigation process. Users can exclude links that proved fruitless in their earlier visits. Conversely, they might revisit links they found helpful in the past. Most important, knowing which pages they've already visited frees users from unintentionally revisiting the same pages over and over again. These benefits only accrue under one important assumption: that users can tell the difference between visited and unvisited links because the site shows them in different colors.
When visited links don't change color, users exhibit more navigational disorientation in usability testing and unintentionally revisit the same pages repeatedly.
Non-Scannable Text
A wall of text is deadly for an interactive experience. Intimidating. Boring. Painful to read.
Write for online, not print. To draw users into the text and support scannability, use well-documented tricks: subheads ; bulleted lists ; highlighted keywords ; short paragraphs ; the inverted pyramid ; a simple writing style; de-fluffed language devoid of marketese.
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Fixed Font Size
CSS style sheets unfortunately give websites the power to disable a Web browser's "change font size" button and specify a fixed font size. About 95% of the time, this fixed size is tiny, reducing readability significantly for most people over the age of 40. Respect the user's preferences and let them resize text as needed. Also, specify font sizes in relative terms -- not as an absolute number of pixels.
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