A child is pale, pastose, muscular tissue is bad developed, lymph nodes are enlarged. He often
Suffers from angina and pharyngitis, blood has signs of lymphocytosis. The child is also
Predisposed to autoallergic diseases. What type of diathesis can be presumed in this case?
A Lymphohypoplastic
B Exudative
C Gouty
D Asthenic
E Hemorrhagic
143
A 26 year old pregnant woman is under treatment at an in-patient hospital. After a continuous
Attack of vomiting she was found to have reduced volume of circulating blood. What kind of
Change in general blood volume is the case?
A Polycythemic hypovolemia
B Simple hypovolemia
C Oligocythemic hypovolemia
D Polycythemic hypervolemia
E Oligocythemic hypervolemia
144
Parents of a 3 year old child have been giving him antibiotics with purpose of preventing enteric
Infections for a long time. A month later the child's condition changed for the worse. Blood
Examination revealed apparent leukopenia and granulocytopenia. What is the most probable
Mechanism of blood changes?
A Myelotoxic
B Autoimmune
C Redistributive
D Age-specific
E Hemolytic
145
A patient ill with enteritis accompanied by massive diarrhea has low water rate in the
Extracellular space, high water rate inside the cells and low blood osmolarity. What is such
Disturbance of water-electrolytic metabolism called?
A Hypo-osmolar hypohydration
B Hyperosmolar hypohydration
C Osmolar hypohydration
D Hypo-osmolar hyperhydration
E Hyperosmolar hyperhydration
146
A patient with obliterating atherosclerosis underwent sympathectomy of femoral artery in the
Region of femoral trigone. What type of arterial hyperemia was induced by the operation?
A Neuroparalytic
B Reactive
C Metabolic
D Neurotonic
E Functional
147
A 15 year old girl has pale skin, glossitis, gingivitis. Blood count: erythrocytes - 3,3*1012/l, hemoglobin - 70 g/l, colour index - 0,5. Examination of blood smear revealed hypochromia, microcytosis, poikilocytosis. What type of anemia is it?
A Iron-deficient
B B12-folic acid-deficient
C Sickle-cell
D Hemolytic
E Thalassemia
148
A 70 year old man is ill with vascular atherosclerosis of lower extremities and coronary heart
Disease. Examination revealed disturbance of lipidic blood composition. The main factor of
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Atherosclerosis pathogenesis is the excess of the following lipoproteins:
A Low-density lipoproteins
B Cholesterol
C High-density lipoproteins
D Intermediate density lipoproteins
E Chylomicrons
149
A patient ill with essential arterial hypertension had a hypertensic crisis that resulted in an attack
Of cardiac asthma. What is the leading mechanism of cardiac insufficiency in this case?
A Heart overload caused by high pressure
B Heart overload caused by increased blood volume
C Absolute coronary insufficiency
D Myocardium damage
E Blood supply disturbance
150
A 5 year old child is ill with measles. Blood analysis revealed increase of total number of
leukocytes up to 13*109/l. Leukogram: basophils - 0, eosinophils - 1, myelocytes - 0,
Juvenile neutrophils - 0, band neutrophils - 2, segmented neutrophils - 41, lymphocytes - 28,
Monocytes - 28. Name this phenomenon:
A Monocytosis
B Agranulocytosis
C Lymphocytosis
D Eosinopenia
E Neutropenia
151
Rats being under stress have muscular hypertonia and high arterial pressure, high glucose
Concentration in blood and intensified secretion of corticotropin and corticosteroids. In what
Stress phase are these animals?
A Antishock phase
B Exhaustion
C Shock phase
D Erectile
E Terminal
152
After taking poor-quality food a patient developed repeated episodes of diarrhea. On the next
Day he presented with decreased arterial pressure, tachycardia, extrasystole. Blood pH is
These abnormalities were caused by the development of:
A Nongaseous acidosis
B Gaseous acidosis
C Nongaseous alkalosis
D Gaseous alkalosis
E Metabolic alkalosis
153
A patient has been diagnosed with influenza. His condition became drastically worse after taking
Antipyretic drugs. His consciousness is confused, AP is 80/50 mm Hg, Ps is 140/m, body
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temperature droped down to 35,8oC. What complication developed in this patient?
A Collapse
B Hyperthermia
C Hypovolemia
D Acidosis
E Alkalosis
154
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