МОСКОВСКИЙ ГОСУДАРТВЕННЫЙ ГУМАНИТАРНЫЙ
УНИВЕРСИТЕТ им. М.А.ШОЛОХОВА
Кафедра английского языка Курс ГАК
Наименование дисциплины Английский язык
Приложение к экзаменационному билету № 5
The Cop and the Anthem
(by O Henry)
<…>Soupy walked eastward through a street damaged by improvements. He hurled the umbrella wrathfully into an excavation. He muttered against the men who wear helmets and carry clubs. Because he wanted to fall into their clutches, they seemed to regard him as a king who could do no wrong.
At length Soapy reached one of the avenues to the east where the glitter and turmoil was but faint. He set his face down this toward Madison Square, for the homing instinct survives even when the home is a park bench.
But on an unusually quiet corner Soapy came to a standstill. Here was an old church. Quaint and rambling and gabled. Through one violet-stained window a soft light glowed, where, no doubt, the organist loitered over the keys, making sure of his mastery of the coming Sabbath anthem. For there drifted out to Soapy’s ears sweet music that caught and held him transfixed against the convolutions of the iron fence.
The moon was above, lustrous and serene; vehicles and pedestrians were few; sparrows twittered sleepily in the eaves – for a little while the scene might have been a country churchyard. And the anthem that the organist played cemented Soapy to the iron fence, for he had known it well in the days when his life contained such things as mothers and roses and ambitions and friends and immaculate thoughts and collars.
The conjunction of Soapy’s receptive state of mind and the influences about the old church wrought a sudden and wonderful change in his soul. He viewed with swift horror the pit into which he had tumbled, the degraded days, unworthy desires, dead hopes, wrecked faculties and base motives that made up his existence.
And also in a moment his heart responded thrillingly to this novel mood. An instantaneous and strong impulse moved him to battle with his desperate fate. He would pull himself out of the mire; he would make a man of himself again; he would conquer the evil that had taken possession of him. There was time; he was comparatively young yet; he would resurrect his old eager ambitions and pursue them without faltering. Those solemn but sweet organ notes had set up a revolution in him. Tomorrow he would go into the roaring down-town district and find work. A fur importer had once offered him a place as driver. He would find him tomorrow and ask for the position. He would be somebody in the world. He would…
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Soapy felt a hand laid on his arm. He looked quickly around into the broad face of a policeman.
“What are you doin’ here?” asked the officer.
“Nothing,” said Soapy.
“Ten come along,” said the policeman.
“Three month on the Island,” said the Magistrate in the Police Court the next morning.
Экзаменационный билет утвержден на заседании кафедры
« »____________ 2010 г. Зав. кафедрой ______________________
МОСКОВСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ГУМАНИТАРНЫЙ
УНИВЕРСИТЕТ им. М.А.Шолохова
Кафедра английского языка Курс ГАК
Наименование дисциплины Английский язык
Приложение к экзаменационному билету № 4
Stonehenge
This is a world known ancient monument of huge stones standing on the Salisbury Plain in Wilshire, Southern England. Stonehenge has captured imaginations for centuries. Theories about who have build it are many and include the Druids, Greeks, Phoenicians and Atlanteans. Speculations on the reason why it was built range from sacrifice to astronomy.
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These theories include the legend that huge giants were dancing in a circle and then froze into place to create the stone structure; that Stonehenge is an ancient astrological tool that allowed those, from 5000 years ago through the time of the Druids, to tell when a solar or lunar eclipse would occur; that Stonehenge was built by the Devil to surprise people by such a huge construction that appeared in a night.
The first construction began approximately in 3100 BC. Thought recent radiocarbon studies suggest that the beginning of the construction dates back to 8000 BC. This is right around the time of the construction of the Great Sphinx in Egypt, which predates the Druids.
Stonehenge is believed to have gone through 4 different construction phases spanning 5000 years. The rocks of Stonehenge vary in weight with the heaviest weighing 50 tons. These stones were quarried from a location 18 miles away from the current site of Stonehenge itself amazing, but the fact that people, so long away into the past, were able to carry tremendously huge rocks 18 miles on wooden sledges. This is evidence enough of the knowledge, intelligence and culture of the builders of Stonehenge. Similar to the construction of the Great Pyramids in Egypt one must wonder the way people moved giant stones without modern day tools.
No one knows for sure why Stonehenge was built at all and what it was used for, but that has not prevented historians from creating theories as to the uses of it. Some say it was used as an ancient astronomical observatory because it is aligned so that it can predict eclipses. Other evidence of this use is the fact that once a year (the summer solstice) the sun rises in direct alignment with the heel stone (which lies apart from the others) if viewing the heel stone from the centre of the rings.
More theories say that Stonehenge was an ancient calendar.
Other theories say that Stonehenge was a place of religious worship or of religious ground. Evidence of this includes archeological digs that reveal no “trash pits”. This signifies that no one left what can be deemed as “trash” around the isolated.
Экзаменационный билет утвержден на заседании кафедры
« »_______________ 2010 г. Зав. кафедрой___________________
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