МОСКОВСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ГУМАНИТАРНЫЙ



УНИВЕРСИТЕТ им. М.А.Шолохова

Кафедра английского языка              Курс ГАК

Наименование дисциплины английский язык

 

 

                        Приложение к экзаменационному билету № 13

 

There was a time when camping was considered to be a poor way of spending a holiday: OK for boy scouts and hard-up students, but hardly the for sophisticated, comfort-loving adults. The adults have at last discovered that if you go camping, it no longer means that you will be bitten to death by mosquitoes; have to drink brackish coffee; suffocate or freeze in a sleeping-bag; hump gargantuan weights on your back. Camping has become the great pursuit of motorists the world over. For a modest outlay you can have a comfortable, insulated tent. For a not-so-modest outlay you can have an elaborate affair which resembles a portable bungalow, complete with three bedrooms, a living-room, a kitchen and a porch. The portable furniture is light, the gas stove brews excellent coffee or grills a tender steak, the fridge keeps the beer and ice-cream cold, and you literally sleep on air.

No wonder the great rush is on. You enjoy absolute freedom. There are no cold hotel breakfasts, no surly staff to tip. Modern camping sites are well equipped with hot and cold running water and even shops and dance floors! Above all, you enjoy tremendous mobility. If you don't like a place, you can simply get up and go. Conversely, you can stay as long as you like.

Moping around a stuffy hotel room wondering what they are going to give you for dinner is a tedious business. By comparison, it's so exciting to arrive at a camp site, put up your tent and start getting a meal ready. You are active all the time and you are always close to nature. You have enormous opportunity to meet people of various nationalities and to share your pleasure with them. People are so friendly when they are relaxed. How remote the strained world of hotels seems! How cold and unfriendly the formal greetings that are exchanged each day between the residents! For a few precious weeks in the year you adopt a completely different way of life. And that's the essence of true recreation and real enjoyment.

 

 

Surly -- bad-tempered and unfriendly.

To mope --feel sad or in low spirit, pity oneself.

 

 

Экзаменационный билет утвержден на заседании кафедры

 

« » _____________ 2010  г.                       Зав. кафедрой ____________________

 

 

        МОСКОВСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ГУМАНИТАРНЫЙ

УНИВЕРСИТЕТ им. М.А.Шолохова

Кафедра английского языка              Курс ГАК

Наименование дисциплины английский язык

 

                        Приложение к экзаменационному билету № 12

                     ВOOMERS IN SEARCH OF GENERATION X

 

The graduate employment market is undergoing radical and unexpected change. The aspirations of today's graduates differ fundamentally from those who are now in their thirties and forties who are called the Boomers. People who recruit and employ today's graduates are not dealing with youthful versions of themselves.

Two new surveys show that the overheated market for new graduates, which for several years has left employers with one vacancy in ten unfilled, is cooling down.

A fall in the supply of graduates has been forecast because of the 'demographic timebomb' - the 1970s fall in the birthrate. But the independent Institute of Manpower Studies in its latest annual survey reports that the middle classes, the source of two-thirds of students in higher education, maintained an above average birthrate.

The Institute expects graduate supply, and demand, will rise by the turn of the century, and that shortages will grow as the economy recovers from its present downturn. But it adds: 'We are likely to see a more complex and fragmented market with growing shortages, but with a rising proportion of weaker graduates, who will not easily be able to enter jobs and careers to which they aspire. Indeed, we may see growing graduate shortages co-existing with rising levels of graduate unemployment.'

The new graduates, labelled Generation X, postpone commitment, wanting to keep their options open as long as possible. They have a great fear of boredom and prefer short-term projects. They love facts and processes and feel powerful from knowing 'how'. They want marriage, family and material success.

Boomers love adventure, independence and risk, can work to general goals and can tolerate ambiguity and multiple answers. They want to be 'artists' at what they do, value creativity, are self-directed and want to do things 'my way'. They can write, speak and conduct self-directed research well. They can be suspicious of corporate ideology, distrust authority. They loathe evaluation.

In contrast, Generation X graduates love information, work best to concrete goals, expect clear standards and procedure, want to be 'experts' at what they do, like guided practice supervised by organised people, and over-estimate their communication and research skills. They demand corporate ideology, trust authority but find it hard to forgive if it errs. They love evaluation.

As well as this cultural gap, employers planning to recruit graduates from other European countries for the first time will be dealing with different values. David Wheatley, director of Employment Conditions Abroad, warned the conference: 'As economic barriers come down, cultural barriers will go up - that's all that will be left.'

 

 

Экзаменационный билет утвержден на заседании кафедры

« »___________2010г.                                              Зав. кафедрой _____________   

 


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