МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ К КОНТРОЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЕ № 3 ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТОВ ЗАОЧНОЙ ФОРМЫ ОБУЧЕНИЯ
Контрольная работа №3 выполняется на 3 курсе.
Для того чтобы правильно выполнить контрольную работу №5, необходимо усвоить следующие темы курса:
1. Лексика и фразеология, отражающие основные направления широкой специальности студента.
2. Перевод инфинитивного оборота «именительный падеж с инфинитивом».
3. Перевод инфинитива в так называемом «сложном дополнении».
4. Перевод герундия и герундиальных оборотов.
5. Типы судов.
6. Стандартные фразы Международной морской организации. (ИМО)
ВАРИАНТ № 1
I. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст на русский язык.
Container Ships
Container ships are cargo ships that carry all of their load in truck-size containers, in a technique called containerization. They form a common means of commercial intermodal freight transport.
Like tankers, container ships are characterized by the absence of cargo handling gear, in their case reflecting the usual practice of locating the container-handling cranes at shore terminals rather than aboard ship. Unlike the tanker, container ships require large hatches in the deck for stowing the cargo, which consists of standardized containers usually either 20 or 40 feet in length. Below decks, the ship is equipped with a cellular grid of compartment opening to the weather deck; these are designed to receive the containers and hold them in place until unloading is achieved at the port of destination. The ship is filled to the deck level with containers, the hatches are closed, and one or two layers of containers, depending upon the size and stability of the ship, are loaded on the hatch covers on deck.
Among the disadvantages is the fact that each ship does not carry quite as much total volume of cargo with containers as with regular bulk stowage, because the containers themselves take space and, since they are square in shape, do not fill in all the nooks and crannies created by a ship-shaped hull form. Further, a rather substantial capital investment is needed in port facilities, such as special berths, weight-handling equipment, storage areas, and links to land transportation, all of which must be made by the ports that receive or ship via container ship if its full potential savings are to be realized.
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Container ships are moderate-size merchant vessels built for speed of greater than about 20 knots. Much use is made of small, compact, diesel power plants to provide more space for containers. Special equipment includes mooring winches to ensure accurate positioning of the ship under cranes in port and special tanks to list and trim the ship to permit a symmetrical loading.
II. Переведитеследующиегруппыслов:
Containershipoperation, commercial intermodal freight transport, hatches for stowing the cargo,moderate-size merchant vessels, mooring winches, to permit a symmetrical loading.
III. Перепишите предложения, поставив глаголы в форму герундия и переведите на русский язык.
1. It’s no use (to wait).
2. Try to forget it; it isn’t worth (to worry) about.
3. Please go on (to write); I don’t mind waiting.
4. The teacher was angry and said “If you keep on (to interrupt) me, I’ll send you out of the class”.
5. He didn’t want to lose any more money, so he gave up (to play) cards.
IV. Соотнесите слова левой колонки со словами из правой.
| datum to break to repair rough trouble to establish to suppose character strain | полагать чинить ломать натяжение, напряжение устанавливать символ неровный данные, факт поломка, авария |
ВАРИАНТ № 2
I. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст на русский язык.
Tankers
Tankerisashipdesigned to transport liquids in bulk.
Tankers for the transport of fluids, such as crude oil, petroleum products, liquefied petroleum gas, liquefied natural gas and chemicals, also vegetable oils, wine and other food – the tanker sector comprises one third of the world tonnage.
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Tankers can range in size from several hundred tons, designed for servicing small harbours and coastal settlements, to several hundred thousand tons, with these being designed for long-range haulage. A wide range of products are carried by tankers. Different products require different handling and transport, thus special types of tankers have been built, such as “chemical tankers” and “oil tankers”. “LNG carriers” as they are typically known, are a relatively rare tanker designed to carry liquefied natural gas.
Ships that carry liquid cargo (most often petroleum and its products) in bulk are made distinctive by the absence of cargo hatches and external handling gear. When fully loaded they are also readily distinguishable by scant freeboard – a condition that is permissible because the upper deck is not weakened by hatches. In essence, the tanker is a floating group of tanks contained in a ship-shaped hull, propelled by an isolated machinery plant at the stern. Each tank is substantially identical to the next throughout the length of the ship. The tanks are fitted with heating coils to facilitate pumping in cold weather. Within the tanks are the main, or high-suction, pipes, running several feet from the bottom to avoid sludge. Below them, low-suction piping, or stripping lines, removes the lowest level of liquid in the tank. Tanks are filled either through open trunks leading from the weather deck or from the suction lines with the pumps reversed. Because tankers usually move a cargo from the source to a refinery or other terminal with few maneuvers en route, the machinery plant is called on only to produce at a steady rate the cruise power for the ship; consequently, considerable use of automatic controls is possible, thus reducing the size of the crew to minimum.
II. Переведитеследующиегруппыслов:
LNG, are fitted with, reducing the size of the crew, external handling,crude oil,coastal settlements.
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