Translate the article into Russian orally. Never waste a good crisis
Winners and losers
Never waste a good crisis
Many of the labour-market trends that are currently troubling rich countries were already apparent long before the financial crisis, though the bubble that preceded it helped to hide them and the recession that followed it accelerated them. “It has given employers the excuse to do what they wanted to do but had resisted before the crisis,” says Mr Reich, an American political commentator, who was Secretary of Labour under President Bill Clinton. “Many employers are substituting technology for people. A lot of us were looking for jobs to be displaced by technology a few years ago and were surprised it wasn’t happening faster. Employers didn’t want a reputation for firing when the jobs market was tight.”
Firms are relying more on part-time, contract and temporary workers who are inherently more flexible. In America last year, the number of part-time workers reached a new high of 19.7% of all employees. According to a recent survey of American firms by the McKinsey Global Institute, over the next five years 58% of them expect to use more part-time, temporary or contract employees.
The Economist, September 10th, 2011
USEFUL TERMS AND EXPRESSIONS
· trend- тенденция
· bubble — искусственное завышение цен, курсов ценных бумаг
· todisplaceworkersby – заменять работников чем-либо
syn. to substitute
· contract workers– внештатныесотрудники
· temporary workers– временныесотрудники
TEXT 2
Translate the article into Russian orally.
Where the jobs are
Despite high unemployment companies say they find it hard to hire people
Unemployment has reached record levels in many countries. Yet more than a third of employers around the world are still having trouble filling vacancies,according to a ManpowerGroup survey of nearly 40,000 employers in 41 countries. Workers in skilled trades (electricians, plumbers, bricklayers and so on) are in shortest supply, followed by engineers and sales people. Talent shortages are most acute in Asia, particularly in Japan where an ageing population is exacerbating the problem. Only in France has the proportion of employers struggling to find appropriate talent increased significantly since last year (from 20% to 29%). In Italy, by contrast, it has halved from 29% to 14%. Overall, employers are less concerned about the impact of skills shortages than they were in 2011.
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This may be because companies are becoming more comfortable conducting business in an uncertain environment where talent shortages persist.
The Economist, May 29th, 2012
USEFUL TERMS AND EXPRESSIONS
· to fill a vacancy — занятьвакансию
· skilledtrade — профессия, требующая квалифицированного труда
· to be in short supply —бытьвдефиците, нехватать
· shortage- нехватка
· tostruggle- испытывать трудности
· toconductbusiness- осуществлять деятельность
· environment- условия, обстановка
TEXT 3
Translate the article into Russian orally.
Unemployed, and Likely to Stay That Way
The longer people stay out of work, the more trouble they have finding new work.
That is a fact of life that much of Europe, with its underclass of permanently idle workers, knows all too well. But it is a lesson that the United States seems to be just learning.
This country has some of the highest levels of long-term unemployment - out of work longer than six months - it has ever recorded. Meanwhile, job growth has been, and looks to remain, disappointingly slow, indicating that those out of work for a while are likely to remain so for the foreseeable future. Even if the government report on Friday shows the expected improvement in hiring by business, it will not be enough to make a real dent in those totals.
So the legions of long-term unemployed will probably be idle for significantly longer than their counterparts in past recessions, reducing their chances of eventually finding a job even when the economy becomes more robust.
New data from the Labor Department, provided to The New York Times, shows that people out of work fewer than five weeks are more than three times as likely to find a job in the coming month than people who have been out of work for over a year, with a re-employment rate of 30.7 percent versus 8.7 percent, respectively.
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Likewise, previous economic studies, many based on Europe’s job market struggles, have shown that people who become disconnected from the work force have more trouble getting hired, probably because of some combination of stigma, discouragement and deterioration of their skills. This is one of the biggest challenges facing policy makers in the United States as they seek to address unemployment.
The New York Times, February 2nd, 2010
USEFUL TERMS AND EXPRESSIONS
· to make a dent in smth-значительносократить
· the Labour Department – Министерство TрудаСША
· re-employment – восстановление на работе
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