UNIT 2 INTRODUCTION INTO SOCIOLOGY 10 страница
2. Simon (dance) when he fell and hurt his leg.
3. Why (you/laugh) all through your history lesson yesterday?
4. I (drink) a glass of milk every day when I was a child.
5. Todd often (ride) horses when he was a boy.
6. Bill (write) a letter when his mother came home.
7. I (rain) while I was waiting for the bus.
8. I (play) the guitar when I was young, but I don't any more.
9. Debbie (sing) in the school choir many years ago.
10. Liz (clean) the windows when I saw her.
Ex. 8. Put the verbs in brackets into the past continuous or the past simple
A. Steve 1) had (have) an accident yesterday. He 2) ... (drive) his car when a bird 3) ... (fly) into the windscreen. He 4) ... (try) to stop quickly but he 5) ... (crash) into a wall. Luckily, he 6) ... (not/be) hurt.
В. Last week, I 1) ... (go) to a talk by a famous writer. He 2) ... (talk) about his new book when I 3) ... (arrive). He 4) ... (give) such an interesting talk that I 5) ... (be) disappointed when it 6) ... (end).
С. Julie 1) ... (tidy) her bedroom last weekend. While she 2) ... (tidy) it, she 3) ... (find) some of the toys she 4) ... (have) when she was a child. She 5) ... (not/want) to throw them away, so she 6) ... (put) them in a box and 7) ... (store) them in the attic.
Ex. 9. Put the verbs in brackets into the past continuous or the past simple. Then, put the pictures in the right order.
It 1) was (be) a beautiful spring morning when Emma and her father 2) ... (decide) to visit Seaton Castle. The sun 3) ... (shine) and the birds 4) ... (sing). Emma 5) ... (feel) very excited. The castle 6) ... (be) very old and made of stone. They 7) ... (climb) the steps to the top of the tower. While they 8) ... (admire) the view, they 9) ... (hear) some noises. They 10) ... (look) around but they 11) ... (not/see) anybody. “That’s funny”, said Emma. “I 12) ... (think) I 13) ... (see) someone standing over there”. After a while they 14)... (decide) to visit the cellar of the castle. Emma 15) ... (examine) an old barrel when she 16) ... (hear) the door of the cellar close behind them. “Dad”, she 17) ... (say), “don’t close the door!” “But, I 18) ... (not/close) it, dear”, her father said. Emma 19) ... (turn) around and 20) ... (see) a shadow on the wall. She 21) ... (know) then that the ghost of Seaton Castle 22) ... (watch) them!
Ex. 10. Correct the mistakes.
1. Philip was washing the car while the fire started.
2. Neil was studying when his sister was listening to music.
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3. Harriet was opening the door and walked into the house.
4. We were having lunch at a lovely restaurant ever day when wewere on holiday.
5. Brian drank tea at five o’clock yesterday afternoon.
6. Dad was repairing the TV while Mum cooked dinner.
7. I was going to the cinema last Saturday.
8. I was buying a new dress for my party yesterday.
9. While Jeff built the garden shed, he hurt himself.
10. While the teacher was speaking, the students were listening to him.
Ex. 11. Choose the correct answer.
1. The earth В round the sun.
A. moved В. moves С. is moving 2. Sarah ... a new car last week.
A. buying В. buy С. bought
3. I ... when suddenly the dog began to bark.
A. study В. studied С. was studying
4. They ... hard at the moment.
A. are working В. were working С. worked
5. I ... home from work when it began to snow.
A. am walking В. walk С. was walking 6. Jane ... he receiver and dialed the number.
A. lifts В. was lifting С. lifted 7. Walt Disney ... Mickey Mouse.
A. was creating В. creates С. created
8. Helen ... to the gym every day, but now she doesn’t.
A. used to go В. didn’t use to go С. was going
9. We ... for a new house at the moment.
A. are looking В. look С. looked
10. Ted ... his father in the garden every Sunday.
A. was helping В. helps С. is helping
11. The ferry to Calais ... at 3 o’clock every day.
A. leave В. leaves С. was leaving
12. You ... your music too loud! I can’t stand it!
A. were always playing В. always play С. are always playing
C.
Ex. 1. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous.
She 1) ... (lie) in bed when she 2) ... (hear) a sudden noise. She 3) ... (open) her eyes in horror. Someone 4) ... (open) a downstairs window; they 5) ... (try) to get into her house. She 6) ... (climb) slowly out of bed and 7) ... (creep) to the door. She 8) ... (stand) very still and listening carefully when she 9) ... (see) a light downstairs. It 10) ... (move) about as if someone 11) ... (hold) a torch and searching for something. She 12) ... (know) that they 13) ... (look) for her.
Ex. 2. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous. Then, say which uses of these tenses are shown in each extract.
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A. Charlie Chaplin 1) became (become) one of the best-known personalities in America within two years of his first appearance in motion pictures. He 2) ... (be) so famous that no studio could afford to pay him, so he 3) ... (appear) only in films which he 4) ... (produce) himself.
B. It 1) ... (happen) at ten o’clock last night. John 2) ... (sit) in his cosy living room with his wife and children. They 3) ... (watch) the evening news on TV when suddenly, the lights 4) ... (go out) and everything in the house 5) ... (become) quiet.
C. The boys 1) ... (play) football on the river bank while the girls 2) ... (talk). Everyone 3) ... (enjoy) the picnic when suddenly they 4) ... (hear) a loud cry from further up the river. They all 5) ... (rush) to see what was wrong.
D. In prehistoric times, people 1) ... (live) in caves. They 2) ... (hunt) animals which they then 3) ... (use) for food and clothing. They 4) ... (make) everything by themselves and they 5) ... (have) very simple lives.
Ex. 3. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous. Which was the longer action in each sentence?
1. They were cleaning (clean) the windows when it started (start) to rain.
Cleaning the windows was the longer action.
2. As he (drive) to work, he (remember) that his briefcase was stillat home.
3. Melanie (cook) dinner when her husband (come) home.
4. I (hear) a loud crash as I (sit) in the garden.
5. She (type) a letter when her boss (arrive).
6. While the dog (dig) in the garden, it (find) a bone.
7. Mary (ride) her bicycle when she (notice) the tiny kitten.8 While I (do) my homework, the phone (ring).
Ex. 4. A policeman is asking Mrs. Hutchinson about a car accident she happened to see yesterday. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous.
A. What 1) were you doing (you/do) when you 2) ... (see) the accident, madam?
B. 3) ... (walk) down the streets.
A. What exactly 4) ... (you/see)?
B. Well, the driver of the car 5) ... (drive) down the road when sud-denly the old man just 6) ... (step) in front of him! It 7) ... (be) terrible! A. 8) ... (the driver/speed)?
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B. No, not really, but the old man 9) ... (not/look) both ways before he 10) ... (try) to cross the road.
A. 11) ... (anyone else/see) the accident?
B. Yes, the lady in the post office.
A. Thank you very much.
Ex. 5. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous.
A. As soon as Margaret 1) got (get) off the train, she 2) ... (pull) her coat around her. Rain 3) ... (fall) heavily and a cold wind 4) ... (blow) across the platform. She 5) ... (look) around, but no one 6) ... (wait) to meet her. She 7) ... (turn) to leave when she 8) ... (hear) footsteps. A man 9) ... (walk) towards her. He 10) ... (smile) at her, then he 11) ... (say), “You’re finally here”.
B. George 1) ... (pick) up his bag then, 2) ... (throw) it over his shoulder. It 3) ... (get) dark and he 4) ... (have) a long way to go. He wished that he had let someone know that he was coming. It 5) ... (start) to rain, and he was feeling cold and tired from the long journey. Suddenly, he 6) ... (hear) a noise, then he 7) ... (see) two bright lights on the road ahead. A car 8) ... (head) towards him. It slowed down and finally 9) ... (stop) beside him. A man 10) ... (sit) at the wheel. He 11) ... (open) the door quickly and 12) ... (say) “Get in, George”.
C. Andy 1) ... (step) into the house and 2) ... (close) the door be-hind him. Everything 3) ... (be) quiet. His heart 4) ... (beat) fast and his hands 5) ... (shake) as he crept silently into the empty house, but he was trying not to panic. He soon 6) ... (find) what he 7) ... (look) for. He smiled with relief as he put on the clothes. The men who 8) ... (follow) him would never recognize him now.
Ex. 6. Translate into English.
I. 1. Я посидел на скамейке с полчаса, а потом начал читать книгу. 2. Я окончила университет, когда мне было 23 года. 3. «Когда вы были здесь последний раз?» – «Года полтора тому назад».
4. Грэй кивнул головой и пошел наверх. 5. Я встретила Лену около трех лет назад благодаря своим родителям. 6. Он остановился и сорвал розу. 7. Я навещала их год тому назад. 8. Я видела его в Лондоне неделю назад. 9. Я не видел его, когда был в С.-Петербурге. 10. Что с вами случилось в тот вечер? 11. Они вернулись в дом, когда пошел дождь.
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II. «Ты видел его этим утром». – «Да, он стоял у машины».
2. Он вошел и увидел Нелли, которая рисовала странную картину.3. Он побежал к воротам, где стояла Анна. 4. Я взглянул на Дженни, которая все еще дрожала от холода. 5. Мы как раз говорили о нем, когда он вдруг вошел. 6. Они пришли в то время, когда я работала в саду. 7. Вчера в шесть часов она накрывала на стол. 8. Что ты играл, когда я вошла? 9. Вода в чайнике кипела, когда мои друзья вернулись в лагерь. 10. Когда я приехал, Елена, к сожалению, как раз уходила. 11. Он вдруг понял, что едет не в ту сторону. 12. Я сидела в саду вчера, когда пришел брат и принес щенка. 13. Когда я вошел, они сидели в гостиной. Старший брат решал кроссворд, мама вязала, остальные читали. Мама улыбнулась мне и сказала: «Входи, пожалуйста, и садись». 14. Когда она проснулась, в саду весело пели птицы. 15. «С кем вы разговаривали по телефону, когда я вошла?» – «Я разговаривала с сестрой». 16. К ним подошел какойто мужчина, когда они переходили улицу, и спросил дорогу к Дворцовой площади. 17. Я делала уроки, когда он пришел.
Past Perfect, Past Perfect Continuous A-B.
Ex. 1. Complete these sentences using the verbs in brackets. You went back to your home town after many years and you found that many things were different.
Pattern: Most of my friends were no longer there. They had left (leave).
1. My best friend, Kevin, was no longer there. He (go) away.
2. The local cinema was no longer open. It (close) down.
3. Mr. Johnson was no longer alive. He (die).
4. I didn't recognize Mrs. Johnson. She (change) a lot.
5. Bill no longer had his car. He (sell) it.
Ex. 2. Complete these sentences as in the example. Use the verb in brackets.
Pattern: Mr. and Mrs. Davis were in an airplane. They were very nervous as the plane took off because they (fly) had never flown before.
1. The woman was a complete stranger to me. I (see) before.
2. Margaret was late for work. Her boss was very surprised. She(be/late).
3. Jane played tennis yesterday – at least she tried to play tennis.
She wasn’t very good at it because she (play).
4. It was Keith’s first driving lesson. He was very nervous anddidn’t know what to do. He (drive).
Ex. 3. Now you have to make sentences using the words in brackets. Pattern: I wasn’t hungry. (I/just/have/lunch) I had just had lunch.
1. Tom wasn’t at home when I arrived, (he/just/go/out).
2. We arrived at the cinema late, (the film/ already/begin).
3. They weren’t eating when I went to see them, (they/just/finish/their dinner).
4. I invited Ann to dinner last night but she couldn’t come, (she/already/arrange/to do something else).
5. I was very pleased to see Nora again after such a long time. (I/not/see/her for five years).
Ex. 4. Put the verb into the correct form, past perfect (I had done) or past simple (I did).
Pattern: “Was Tom there when you arrived?” “No, he had gone (go) home”.
“Was Tom there when you arrived?”
“Yes, but he went (go) home soon afterwards”.
1. The house was very quiet when I got home. Everybody (go) to bed.
2. I felt very tired when I got home, so I (go) straight to bed.
3. Sorry I’m late. The car (break) down on my way here.
4. There was a car by the side of the road. It (break) down and thedriver was trying to repair it. So we (stop) to see if we could help.
Ex. 5. Make sentences using the words in brackets.
Pattern: His hair was wet. (He/just/have/a shower). He had just had a shower.
1. There was nobody at the platform. (the train/just/leave)
2. We didn’t find anybody at home. (everybody/already/go out)
3. The children were playing in the garden. (they/just/come/fromschool)
4. Bob wasn’t at home when I arrived. (he/arrange/to meet/somefriends/at the club)
5. I couldn’t recognize the child after all that time. (I/not/see/her/for seven years)
Ex. 6. Unite the following pairs of sentences. Use the conjunctions after, as soon as, before, until, till, when.
Pattern: a) They went to England. They left school. (after)
They went to England after they had left school, b) The sun set. They finished their work. (before)
The sun had set before they finished their work.
1. The sun rose. He woke up. (before)
2. He died. He was very ill. (before)
3. I understood the problem. He explained. (as soon as)
4. She wrote the letter. She went to the post office. (after)
5. I drove to the airport. The plane took off. (when)
6. She read the message carefully. She wrote the reply. (before)
7. He left the room. I turned on the radio. (as soon as)
8. He had dinner. He went to the cinema. (after)
9. The man didn’t leave. He didn’t receive a definite answer. (till)
10. We didn’t say a word. He finished his story. (until)
11. We reached the football ground. The game started. (when)
12. John worked as a skilled builder. He began to study architecture. (before)
13. Harold couldn’t leave for home. He completed everything. (till)
14. The snow was very deep. It snowed heavily. (after) Ex. 7. Make past perfect sentences.
Pattern: I couldn’t get in because I had forgotten my keys. (forget +) Ann wasn’t at home. Where had she gone? (go -)
The telephone wasn’t working because we hadn’t paid the bill. (pay -)
1. The woman told me that she ... in china a few years before.
(work +)
2. Everything in the garden was brown because it ...(rain -)
3. The bathroom was full of water. What ... ? (happen ?)
4. I knew I ... that man somewhere before. (see +)
5. We were surprised to see Mark, because we ... his letter. (get +)
6. After three days the dogs came back home. Where ... ? (be ?)
7. They gave me some money back because I ... too much. (pay +)
8. There was nothing in the fridge. I could see that Peter ... theshopping. (do -)
Ex. 8. Circle the correct answers.
Pattern: I didn't recognize / hadn't recognized Helen, because she cut / had cut her hair very short.
1. No one understood / had understood how the cat got / had got into the car.
2. Joe didn’t play / hadn’t played in the game on Saturday because he hurt / had hurt his arm.
3. When I looked / had looked in all my pockets for my keys I started / had started to get very worried.
4. Liz never travelled / had never travelled by train before she went / had gone to Europe.
5. I arrived / had arrived at the shop at 5.30, but it already closed / had already dosed.
6. I didn’t have / hadn’t had much money after I paid / had paid all my bills last week.
Ex. 9. Put the verb in brackets into the required tense form.
1. They hardly (go) when aunt Julia (wander) slowly into the room. 2. He hardly (reach) the door of his office when he (encounter) two young men. 3. He scarcely (take) a few steps along the street, when three men (appear) from around the corner. 4. No sooner he (start) to play than one string on the violin (break). 5. They barely (leave) the room when the chaos (break) out. 6. No sooner they (arrive) at Rouge Mont than her sister (ring) up from home about an accident with her little daughter. 7. No sooner the curtains (fall) than he (rise) to go. 8. Hardly he (ask) his questions when she (answer) them. 9. He scarcely (take) off his coat when he (begin) to read the letter. 10. Nell scarcely (settle) herself on a little heap of straw in the corner, when she (fall) asleep. 11. The rain nearly (stop) when he (reach) his hotel. 12. He scarcely (say) the first words when she (interrupt) him. C.
Ex. 1. Insert the Past Indefinite or the Past Perfect.
1. We hardly (leave) town, when it (begin) to rain. 2. The moon (not / rise). There was nothing to dispel the dark of the night. 3. On glancing at the address, he observed that it contained no name. The stranger (not /go) far, so he followed him to ask it. 4. When at his house, they (tell) me that he (leave) an hour ago. 5. No sooner he (take) a drink himself, than Mrs. Fettle (look) in. 6. When I (come) to see my friend, I (find) him lying in bed. He (look) very pale as he (be) seriously ill for a whole month. 7. He hardly (light) another cigarette, when the general (come) into the courtyard. 8. Gemma went slowly down the stairs, Martini following in silence. She (grow) to look ten years older in these few days, and her hair (become) gray. 9. Presently the sounds of voices and footsteps approaching along the terrace roused her from the dreamy state into which she (fall). 10. She was a woman of nearly fifty who (be) obviously pretty once. 11. Moreover, to the doctor the affair was the commonplace; it was just a hysterical woman who (quarrel) with her friend and (take) poison. 12. I (leave) home at 8 o’clock, but I (not/ go) far when I (remember) that I (forget) to lock my door. 13. When Alison (disappear) the first strains of the orchestra came stealing out to me from inside the hall. 14. Scarcely I (close) the door when a gust of wind (open) it again.
Ex. 2. Put the verb in brackets into the Past Indefinite, the Past Continuous and the Past Perfect.
I. 1. He (close) the window and (sit) in his armchair, reading anewspaper. 2. When I (arrive) the lecture already (start). 3. The rain (stop) and the sun (shine) brightly. 4. Unfortunately when I arrived Ann just (leave), so we only had time for a few words. 5. I (watch) his eyes pretty closely while we (exchange) these remarks. 6. When we (reach the field, the game already (start). 7. He suddenly (realize) that he (travel) in the wrong direction. 8. When I (look) for my passport, I (find) this old photograph. 9. You looked very busy when I saw you last night. What you (do)? 10. He (not / be) there five minutes, when the storm (begin). 11. He (not / allow) us to go out in the boat yesterday as a strong wind (blow). 12. I (wake) Paul at 7.00 but it wasn’t necessary because he already (get) up. 13. When I (hear) his knock I (go) to the door and (open) it, but I (not / recognize) him at first because I (hot / wear) my glasses. 14. When he (sealant stamp) the envelope, he (go) back to the window and (draw) a long breath. 15. I (see) you yesterday from the bus. Why you (use) a stick? – I (use) it because I (hurt) my leg that morning. 16. We (return) home at nightfall and we (be) very glad to get home again, but we (have) a wonderful day. 17. As they (walk) along the road they (hear) a car coming from behind them. Tom (turn) round and (hold) up his hand. The car (stop). 18. When I (arrive) – at the station Mary (wait) for me. She (wear) a blue dress and (look) very pretty. 19. When I (see) him he (paint) a portrait of his wife. 20. While he (water) the flowers it (begin) to rain. 21. While I (say) goodbye to the rest of the guests Isabel (take) Sophie aside. 22. The men (say) that they (work) on the road outside my house and that they (want) some water to make tea.
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