UNIT 2 INTRODUCTION INTO SOCIOLOGY 9 страница



Ex. 9. Read the text in ex. 7 again and, in pairs, ask and answer questions as in the examples.

1) Ferdinand Magellan / be / a Portuguese sailor?

SA: Was Ferdinand Magellan a Portuguese sailor? SB: Yes, he was.

2) the Emperor of Spain / give him / fifteen ships?

SA: Did the Emperor of Spain give him fifteen ships?

SB: No, he didn’t. He gave him five ships.

3) they / leave / Spain /1619?

4) he journey / be / long and dangerous?

5) Magellan / discover / the Pacific Ocean?6) Magellan / die / with soldiers / in battle?

7) a Spanish sailor / complete / voyage?

8) the remaining ship / reach / Spain / 1523?B.

Ex. 1. Which is correct – А, В or both?

    Pattern: A. I have lost your address. В. I lost your address.

                  A. John has broke a window. В. John broke a window.

1. A. The rain stopped. В. The rain has stopped.

2. A. You’ve never visited me in hospital. В. You never visited mein hospital.

3. A. I didn’t know the answer. В. I didn’t knew the answer.

4. A. Where did everybody go? В. Where everybody went?

5. A. When John and his family did arrive? В. When did John andhis family arrive?

6. A. Who said that? В. Who did say that?

7. A. At ten o’clock last night I read. В. At ten o’clock last night Iwas reading.

8. A. When I saw John, he was playing tennis. В. When I sawJohn, he played tennis.

9. A. When Ann came home, John was cooking supper. В. WhenAnn came home, John cooked supper.

Ex. 2. Choose the correct answer.

1. Jacques Cousteau B the oceans.

A. explores В. explored С. is exploring 2. Toby ... a bicycle, but now he drives a car.

A. is riding В. used to ride С. rides

3. I ... an interesting book at the moment.

A. don’t read В. read С. am reading

4. He ... home early yesterday because he felt ill.

A. went В. is going С. used to go

5. Mr. Jones ... but he does now.

A. used to travel В. didn’t use to travel С. travelled

6. I ... a noise, so I went to see what it was.

A. heard В. hear С. am hearing

7. Bobby ... how to use a computer at present.

A. learnt В. is learning С. learns 8. My parents ... to a party tonight.

A. used to go В. goes С. are going

9. The ferry boat ... every day at quarter past two.

A. leaves В. leave С. is leaving

10. I ... getting up early in the morning.

A. likes В. don’t like С. doesn’t like

Ex. 3. Change the following sentences by using the verb in Past Simple instead of used to:

Pattern: I used to make inquiry in the laboratory. I made inquiry in the laboratory.

1. He used to behave quite well.

2. She used to discriminate these phenomena.

3. We used to obtain good results.

4. They used to present the data in due time.

5. Frank used to settle such questions easily.

6. He used to pose interesting problems.

7. She used to apply various methods.

Ex. 4. Change the following sentences into a negative form:

Pattern: He displayed good knowledge of this subject.

He didn’t display good knowledge of this subject.

1. Last time he behaved well.

2. They obtained interesting data.

3. She applied a new approach.

4. We introduced new subjects.

5. I settled this question easily.

6. He made a great contribution to developing science.

7. She differentiated these factors by a new scheme.

8. They presented interesting conclusions.

9. We analyzed his behaviour.

10. I accepted their point of view.

Ex. 5. Change the following sentences into an interrogative form:

Pattern: He rejected her point of view.

Did he reject her point of view?

1. I obtained certain conclusions.

2. He applied a new way of thinking.

3. She accepted his approach.

4. We presented our position.

5. They interviewed a series of the subjects.

6. She made a great contribution to this research.

7. He achieved new results.

8. They displayed good knowledge of this problem.

9. We described a new method in detail.

10. She introduced new elements into her experiment.

Ex. 6. Ask questions starting with “when”.

Pattern: He described this phenomenon last year. – When did he describe this phenomenon?

1. They applied the new approach last Monday.

2. He came to this conclusion yesterday.

3. She obtained interesting results after her investigation.

4. I settled this question in the evening.

5. He observed her behaviour after testing.

6. They interviewed a group of students before the classes.

7. She achieved a certain step in her observation last week.

8. We studied their behaviour in the process of the experiment.

9. He worked out a new approach last month.

10. They investigated the sense-data last year.

Ex. 7. Ask questions starting with “where”.

Pattern: She introduced new elements into the experiment. Where did she introduce new elements?

1. They achieved good knowledge in psychology.

2. He obtained new data in the laboratory.

3. We got various results in the investigation.

4. She applied his approach to this problem in her inquiry.

5. I used the method of discrimination in my report.

6. They presented the new material in their paper.

7. He introduced new testing at the plant.

8. We asked a lot of questions at the office.

9. She made a great contribution to psychology.

10. He carried out a survey in this region.C.

Ex. 1. Complete these sentences with affirmative (+) verbs, questions (?) or negatives (-).

Pattern: She didn’t feel well last night, but (OK this morning +) she felt OK this morning.

I bought a new coat yesterday. (shoes?) Did you buy shoes?

We saw the Eiffel Tower, but (see Notre Dame). We didn’t see Notre Dame.

1. I didn’t learn much French at school, but (a lot of Latin +)

2. I remembered to buy the bread, but (the milk -)

3. I spoke to Ann’s father, but (her mother -)

4. Peter didn’t phone yesterday. (this morning ?)

5. I didn’t take the bus to London; (the train +)

6. I know you went to Singapore, but (Malaysia ?)

7. The train stopped at Edinburgh, but (Glasgow -)

8. Did the children see a film? (two films +)

9. I ate your cake. (my chocolates ?)

Ex. 2. Make simple past questions

Pattern: Ann and her brother went to Beijing. Where did Ann and her brother go?

1. Sarah and her baby came out of hospital this morning. When...

2. Peter’s friends from the office gave him a bicycle. Why ...

3. The small woman with long hair said something. What...

4. The children bought something. What...

5. Somebody left a bicycle in the garden. Who...

6. Something fell off the table. What... 7. Bill found a cat in his office. Who...

Past Simple vs. Present Perfect A-B.

Ex. 1. Read the sentences below and correct those which are wrong.

Pattern: Have you written tо Bаrrу Lane yet?

Bernard Shaw has written the play Pygmalion.

1. Newton has been an English physicist. __________

2. Oh, you have come just in time. We’re beginning in a moment. ________

3. Who has invented telephone?___________

4. Have you heard? Paul bought a new car! _________

5. Oh, I broke my pencil. Can you lend me yours? ________

6. My great-grandfather travelled to India once. __________

Ex. 2. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the present perfect simple.

1. A. I went (go) to the new gym yesterday.

B. It’s good, isn’t it? I ... (go) there a few times.

2. A. ... (you/write) to Simon lately?

B. Yes, I ... (write) him a letter last week.

3. A. How long ... (you/be) married?

B. Only six months. I ... (get) married last December.

4. A. I ... (not/see) Sam for a long time.

B. Really? I ... (see) him yesterday at the swimming pool.

5. A. ... (you/type) the report yet?

B. Yes, I ... (finish) it half an hour ago.

6. A. Mary ... (know) Steve for six years.B. When ... (they/meet)?

7. A. ... (you/ever/play) rugby?

B. When they ... (be) at university together.

8. A. James ... (write) a new book last year.

B. I know. I ... (read) some great reviews about it in the newspaper.

Ex. 3. Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect simple or the past simple.

A. Hello, Billy. I 1) haven’t seen (not/see) you for a long time.

B. Yes, I 2) ... (be) very busy recently.

A. Really? Tell me what you 3) ... (do) since we last 4) ... (see)each other.

B. Well, I 5) ... (get) my degree last month and then I 6) ... (move) house.

A. When 7) ... (you/move)?

B. Last week, but I 8) ... (not/unpack) everything yet.

A. I 9) ... (phone) you on Tuesday but there 10) ... (be) no answer.

В. I 11) ... (be) busy at my new house then.

A. Never mind, I only 12) ... (want) to invite you to a party nextweek at my house.

B. Great! Thank you.

Ex. 4. Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect simple or the past simple.

1. Mr. and Mrs. Patel won (win) two free tickets to Paris in a TV show last week.

2. First, Robert (brush) his teeth, then he (go) to bed.

3. “(you/ever/see) a lion?” “Yes, I saw one when I (go) to Kenya in 1996”.

4. I (not/see) my family for two years.

5. “Where’s John?” “He ... (go) fishing for the day with his father”.

6. My sister ... (not/play) the violin since she was twelve.

7. I ... (already/see) this film. Let’s watch something else.

8. Last week, Fred ... (fall) off a ladder and ... (break) his army.

9. I ... (never/hear) such a moving song before.

10. Jennifer ... (always/want) to get Harrison Ford’s autograph.

Ex. 5. Correct the mistakes.

1. We have bought a new sofa last month.

2. Jim lives in Germany for three years.

3. My father has went fishing.

4. She is just moved house.

5. We have eaten lunch at one o’clock.

6. Sophie has do her homework.

7. Ann and Tim have got married ten years ago.

8. I am at school since nine o’clock.C.

Ex. 1. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the present perfect.

1. A: Do you know that man?

B: Oh yes. He’s a very good friend of mine. I 1) ’ve known (know) him for about ten years.

A: I think I 2) (meet) him at a business meeting last month.

2. A. Mum 1) (lose) her purse.

B: Where 2) (she/lose) it?

A: At the supermarket while she was shopping.

3. A: Who was on the telephone?

B: It 1) (be) Jane.

A: Who is Jane?

B: Someone who 2) (work) in my office for a few years. She’s got a new job now, though.

4. A: Who is your favourite singer?

B: Freddie Mercury. He 1) (have) a wonderful voice.

A: Yes, I agree. He 2) (enjoy) performing live, too.

Ex. 2. Are the underlined parts of these sentences right or wrong? Correct the ones which are wrong.

Pattern: Have you heard? Suzanne has got married! RIGHT

The Chinese have invented printing. WRONG – invented

1. Who has written the play Hamlet? _________

2. Aristotle has-been a Greek philosopher. ____________

3. Wow! I’ve cut my finger. It’s bleeding. __________

4. Look at George! He had a haircut. ___________

5. My grandparents got married in London. ___________

6. Einstein was the physicist who has-developed the theory of relativity. ___________

Ex. 3. In this exercise you have to put the verb into the correct form, present perfect (I have done) or past simple (I did).

Pattern: I have lost (lose) my key. I can’t find it anywhere.

Did you see (you/see) the film on television last night?

1. Jill _________ (buy) a new cat two weeks ago.

2. His hair is very short. He ______________ (have) a haircut.

3. Last night I _______________ (arrive) home at half past twelve.I ________ (have) a both and then I ______ (go) to bed.

4. ________ (you/visit) many museums when you were in Paris?

5. My bicycle isn’t here any more. Somebody __________ (take) it.

6. When _________ (you/give) up smoking?

7. I _________ (not/eat) anything yesterday because I _________(not/feel) hungry.

8. Why ________ (Jim/not/want) to play tennis last Friday?

9. The car looks very clean_________________ (you/wash) it?

10. Brian: Hello, Susan. Is Alan here?

Susan: No, I'm afraid he _________ (go) out.

Brian: Oh, what a pity! When exactly __________ (he/go) out? Susan: About ten minutes ago.

Ex. 4. Open the brackets using the Present Indefinite, the Present Continuous, the Past Indefinite or the Present Perfect Tense.

1. In the morning, coming down the stairs. – Rosemary (see) Tony (lying) in the sitting room. “What you do here?” “I (sleep) here”. “I am sorry we (take) your room”. 2. He’s a night watch-man. He works at night and (sleep) in the daytime. It’s noon now, and he still (sleep). 3. I first (meet) Richard a month ago, and I (meet) him several times since then. 4. I. usually (go) to bed before midnight. 5. I (sit) here all night and I swear I (not/doze) for a moment. 6. What’s your brother doing? – He (play) tennis with our neighbour, they (play) it every day. 7. He wants to buy a car, but first he must learn how to drive, so he (take) driving lessons. 8. I (write) to my parents a fortnight ago, but I’ve not had a reply, so I just (write) again. 9. “Where is my daughter?” “She (talk) to a policeman”. “What (happen)?” “She (drive) without a license”. 10. It’s 3 p.m. and he (not/eat) anything today, but he (eat) a good dinner last night. 11. Is Mary ready to come out? – No, she still (dress). 12. I (read) this book several times. I first (read) it in 1990. 13. He often (read) detective stories; he (read) a very good one now.

14. She (not/have) a holiday since 1996, but she (have) a very long holiday in 1995. 15. “We (stay) here for nearly a week”. “I hope you (not/think) of leaving”.

Past Continuous A.

Ex. 1. A group of people were staying in a hotel. One evening the fire alarm rang. Use the words in brackets to make sentences saying what each person was doing at the time.

Pattern: (Don/have/a bath) Don was having a bath.

1. (Ann/write/a letter in her room) Ann _____________________

2. (George/get/ready to go out) George ______________________

3. (Carol and Denies/have/dinner) Carol and Denies ____________4. (Tom/make/a phone call) Tom ___________________________

Ex. 2. Put the verb into the correct form, past continuous or past simple.

Pattern: While Tom was cooking (cook) the dinner, the phone rang (ring).

1. George (fall) off the ladder while he (paint) the ceiling.

2. Last night I (read) in bed when suddenly I (hear) a scream.

3. (you/watch) television when I phoned you?

4. Ann (wait) for me when I (arrive).

5. I (not/drive) very fast when the accident (happen).

6. I (break) a plate last night. I (do) the washing-up when it (slip) out of my hand.

7. Tom (take) a photograph of me while I (not/look).

8. We (not/go) out because it (rain).

9. What (you/do) at this time yesterday?

10. I (see) Carol at the party. She (wear) a really beautiful dress.

Past Continuous vs. Past Simple A-B.

Ex. 1. Simple past or past progressive?

Pattern: I lived / was living in France for eight years. lived

Sue lived / was living in France when her uncle died. was living

1. At 6.15, when you phoned, I had / was having a shower.

2. We watched / were watching TV all evening.

3. Bill watched / was watching TV when Ann came in.

4. My father worked / was working hard all his life.

5. They got married while they studied I were studying at LondonUniversity.

6. Yesterday we drove / were driving from Oxford to Edinburghand back.

7. It was a nice evening, so she walked I was walking home fromwork.

Ex. 2. Put in the simple past or the past progressive.

Pattern: While I was walking down the road, I saw Bill. (walk; see)

1. While I ... the newspaper, the cat ... on to the table. (read; jump)

2. Alan ... Helen while he ... in Morocco. (meet; travel)

3. Sally ... her leg while she ....(break; ski)

4. While I ..., somebody ... my car. (shop; steal)

Ex. 3. Put in the correct tense (simple past or past continuous).

Pattern: When I went out, it was raining.(rain) When Mary got home, she made tea. (make)

1. When I saw John, he ... (shop).

2. When John saw me, he ... (stop).

3. When we asked, they ... “No”. (say)

4. When I walked in, they ... (talk).

5. When I dropped the glass, it ... (break).

6. When I phoned him, he ... (work).

Ex. 4. Put in simple past or past progressive verbs.

Pattern: They toldthe police that they were playing cards at 10.00. (tell; play)

1. When I _______ out of the house I took my umbrella becauseit _______ (go; rain).

2. This morning I ______ the newspaper before I went out. (read)

3. __________you _________the football match last night? (watch)

4. When I _____ into the room they _____ about clothes. (walk; talk) 5. At 8 o’clock yesterday morning I ______ in the sea. (swim)

Ex. 5. Answer the questions using when and the verb of the subordinate clause in the past cont.

Pattern: When did she meet Helen? (walk along the street) She met Helen when she was walking along the street.

1. When did you catch that cold? (skate on a frosty day)

2. When did he write those nice poems? (have a holiday)

3. When did she learn the language? (live in England)

4. When did she hear that song? (listen to the concert on the radio)

5. When did you buy that book? (read up for my exams)

6. When did the boy hurt himself? (ride the bicycle)

7. When did Philip lose his camera? (walk about the city)

8. When did he ring you up? (have supper)

Ex. 6. Put the verbs into the correct form, the Past Simple or the Past Continuous.

Pattern: While Sean was finishing (finish) the letter, the night fell (fall).

1. Dan (fall) off the tree while he (rescue) the cat.

2. Last night (read) in the bed when suddenly I (hear) a voice downstairs.

3. (you/have) a bath when I phoned you?

4. They (wait) for a taxi when I (arrive).

5. I (not/drive) very fast when I (see) her.

6. I (break) a plate last night. I (do) the washing-up.

7. Bob (take) a nap while I (paint) a ceiling.

8. We (not/go) out because it (get) dark..

9. What (you/do) at this time yesterday?

10. We (see) Amanda in the gallery. She (wear) her new necklace.

Ex. 7. Put the verbs in brackets into the past continuous or the past simple.

1. We went (go) swimming every week when we were young.


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