Read one of the texts below and prepare to discuss it in a small group.
1. What environment are these robots designed for?
2. What specific features do they have?
3. What can they do?
4. How are these robots controlled?
5. What is the main difference between these robots?
6. What do you think about the effectiveness of these robots?
TEXT 1
OceanOne, a robot avatar lets humans explore deep under the Ocean's surface, without any of the dangers or time limits associated with diving.
While a human diver is constrained by annoying things like air and pressure when doing underwater research or excavations, a robot can stay underwater for much longer, collecting samples in hostile underwater environments. Unlike submarines, which have limited ability to take delicate samples, and have tools that require extensive training to use, OceanOne is controlled by haptic joysticks, letting its operators feel the lightness or heaviness of whatever object it's holding, thus giving researchers a much more hands-on feel.
The Australian Centre for Field Robotics at the University of Sydney developed a prototype for autonomous underwater robots that may one day explore and monitor the Great Barrier Reef. At present this robot (called Oberon) must remain connected to a ship on the surface, but within a decade it would be possible for robots to be lowered to the ocean floor and left to get on with mapping the terrain on their own. Oberon has two scanning sonars and a depth sensor as well as a color camera. It does not need any independent information, such as from GPS satellites, to work out where it is.
haptic тактильный, осязательный
TEXT 2
1. What environment are these robots designed for?
2. What specific features do they have?
3. What can they do?
4. How are these robots controlled?
5. What is the main difference between these robots?
6. What do you think about the effectiveness of these robots?
Venus is not pleasant. Its surface, approximately 850 degrees Fahrenheit, is hot enough for paper to spontaneously combust. Its atmosphere is dense enough to crush a submarine.
The concept rover, called AREE (Automation Rover For Extreme Environments), is a mechanical rover that works with minimal electronics. The boxy, tank-like bot rolls around on treads, making it resistant to Venus’ rough terrain. Those treads are powered via a wind turbine that captures the planet’s winds and stores that power for the various systems on the rover. The Venus rover will use a simple optical reflector to transmit its data to orbiting satellites by flashing radar light like Morse code.
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The Russian space agency is planning to send its humanoid robot Fedor to the International Space Station. Fedor stands for Final Experimental Demonstration Object Research and seems to have been developed as a fighting robot. Fedor can shoot guns, drive cars and use a variety of tools, including drills.
As well as Fedor, another humanoid robot is being developed for the ISS. That one is called Robonaut and is a product of NASA. Robonaut – which didn’t have any legs at first, just upper body, head and arms – has already been on the ISS, but has been broken for years. NASA is planning to make Robonaut fully operational again, possibly adding legs as well, although they look more like industrial robotic arms.
treads гусеницы
TEXT 3
1. What environment are these robots designed for?
2. What specific features do they have?
3. What can they do?
4. How are these robots controlled?
5. What is the main difference between these robots?
6. What do you think about the effectiveness of these robots?
Anna Konnda is a water-powered hydraulic robot snake. It is driven by twenty custom-built water hydraulic cylinders. The snake measures 3 meters long and weighs 75 kilograms. The control of this robot is realized using numerous microprocessors that control the joints. The main controller can be connected to a PC via a Bluetooth connection.
Developed by Hoya Robot Company and financed by the South Korean government, this robot is intended to be used by firefighters as their personal spy. Despite its heavy armor and robust look, it measures only 12.5 centimeters in diameter and weighs 2 kilograms.
This robotic device can be thrown into a building on fire and operate there for 30 minutes. As it can withstand temperatures up to 320F (160C), firefighters can explore the environment and plan their actions accordingly using this remote controlled robot.
The Firemote, designed by Ryland Research Limited, weighs around 450 kilograms. This robot is remote controlled (up to 300 meters); it can withstand high temperatures as well as extinguish fire using either water or foam. In addition to these "basic" capabilities there are also some quite unique ones.
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Battery compartments are changeable thus allowing changing batteries instead of charging them. The robot is also equipped with four color cameras that together provide a panoramic view and one infrared camera steerable in horizontal plane.
extinguish тушить
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