Answer the questions in pairs.
1. What is the origin of the word ‘robot’?
2. What is a robotic arm?
3. What kind of work and what kind of tasks are robotic arms designed to perform?
4. Is there any similarity between a human arm and a robotic arm? What is it?
5. What industries do robotic arms commonly work in?
Read the text and check your answers to Ex. 18.
The Robotic Arm
design v 1) разрабатывать, предназначать;
2) проектировать, конструировать
handle v справляться, обращаться с
joint n сочленение
link n звено
increment n шаг, приращение
precisely adv точно
sensor n датчик
rather than conj а не
end effector n рабочий орган
grasp v / grip v– захватывать
drill v сверлить
tighten v затягивать
no matter – вне зависимости от
1) The term robot comes from the Czech word robota, generally translated as "forced labor". Indeed, most robots in the world are designed for heavy, repetitive manufacturing work. They handle tasks that are difficult, dangerous or boring to human beings.
2) The most common manufacturing robot is the robotic arm. It consists of a number of joints and links. A robotic joint (also called axis) provides relative motion between two links of the robot. The computer controls the robot by rotating individual step (or stepper) motors connected to each joint. Unlike ordinary motors, step motors move in exact increments. This allows the computer to move the arm very precisely, repeating exactly the same movement over and over again. The robot uses motion sensors to make sure it moves just the right amount.
3) 
An industrial robot closely resembles a human arm - it has the equivalent of a shoulder, an elbow and a wrist. Typically, the shoulder is mounted to a stationary base structure rather than to a movable body.
4) Your arm's job is to move your hand from place to place. Similarly, the robotic arm's job is to move an end effector from place to place. You can outfit robotic arms with all sorts of end effectors, which are suited to a particular application. One common end effector is a simplified version of the hand, which can grasp and carry different objects. Robotic hands often have built-in pressure sensors that tell the computer how hard the robot is gripping a particular object. This keeps the robot from dropping or breaking whatever it's carrying.
|
|
|
5) Most industrial robots work in auto assembly lines, putting cars together. Robots can do a lot of this work more efficiently than human beings because they are extremely precise. They always drill in the exactly the same place, and they always tighten bolts with the same amount of force, no matter how many hours they've been working. Manufacturing robots are also very important in the computer industry. It takes an incredibly precise hand to put together a tiny microchip.
Decide if the following statements are true or false.
1. A robot can have several links and joints.
2. Motors are connected to links.
3. The main feature of a step motor is that it is controlled by a computer.
4. The type of the end effector used depends on the application.
5. A pressure sensor is used to detect objects.
6. Robots are used in car plants because they can tighten bolts with greater force than humans.
Fill in the gaps with the suitable words from Ex. 19.
1. Robots use _______ to collect information from the environment.
2. A ________ is a mechanism that enables relative motion between parts of a robotic arm.
3. Step motors move in fixed ________.
4 An ___ ______is the device at the end of a robotic arm, designed to interact with the environment.
22 *Find the English equivalents for the following:
Mеханический манипулятор; рабочий орган; сборочный конвейер; датчик давления; датчик движения; шаговый двигатель; относительное движение; неподвижное основание.
Дата добавления: 2019-11-25; просмотров: 570; Мы поможем в написании вашей работы! |
Мы поможем в написании ваших работ!