Work in small groups and decide if the following statement are true or false.
1. Artificial intelligence is used only in robotics.
2. All robots are artificially intelligent.
3. AI algorithms allow robots to understand human language.
4. AI is used to make robots safer for humans.
Read the text and check answers to your questions.
Venn diagram диаграмма Венна (из пересекающихся окружностей)
branch v раздел, отрасль
otherwise adv иначе, в ином случае
tackle v браться за, справляться
reasoning n рассуждения
input n данные на входе
output n данные на выходе
Are Robotics and Artificial Intelligence the Same Thing?
by Alex Owen-Hill on Jul 19, 2017
The first thing to clarify is that robotics and artificial intelligence are not the same thing at all. In fact, the two fields are almost entirely separate. A Venn diagram of the two would look like this:
To understand how these three terms relate to each other, let's look at each of them individually.
What Is Robotics?
Robotics is a branch of technology which deals with robots. Robots are programmable machines which are usually able to carry out a series of actions autonomously, or semi-autonomously.
What Is Artificial Intelligence?
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science. It involves developing computer programs to complete tasks which would otherwise require human intelligence. AI algorithms can tackle learning, perception, problem-solving, language-understanding and/or logical reasoning.
AI is used in many ways within the modern world. For example, AI algorithms are used in Google searches, Amazon's recommendation engine and SatNav route finders. Most AI programs are not used to control robots. Even when AI is used to control robots, the AI algorithms are only part of the larger robotic system, which also includes sensors, actuators and non-AI programming. Often — but not always — AI involves some level of machine learning, where an algorithm is "trained" to respond to a particular input in a certain way by using known inputs and outputs.
The key aspect that differentiates AI from more conventional programming is the word "intelligence." Non-AI programs simply carry out a defined sequence of instructions. AI programs mimic some level of human intelligence.
What Are Artificially Intelligent Robots?
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Artificially intelligent robots are the bridge between robotics and AI. These are robots which are controlled by AI programs. Many robots are not artificially intelligent. Up until quite recently, all industrial robots could only be programmed to carry out a repetitive series of movements. Non-intelligent robots are quite limited in their functionality. AI algorithms are often necessary to allow the robot to perform more complex tasks.
Study prefixes that can have multiple meanings. Match the examples to each category.
OUT can mean 1) to improve, to make or do something bigger, better, longer etc. OUTPERFORM
2) outside or away from. OUTPUT
Outclass, outdoor, outdo, outflow, outshine, outbuilding, out-box
IN can mean 1) not; negative INFREQUENT
2) inside, into, towards INPUT
Inland, income, inexpensive, indefinite, infiltrate; inorganic,
GRAMMAR
INFINITIVE STRUCTRURES
Предлог FOR позволяет ввести в инфинитивную конструкцию «действующее лицо». Подобные предложения обычно переводятся с помощью инфинитива или придаточных предложений со словом ЧТОБЫ или КОТОРЫЙ.
| FOR somebody | TO infinitive | ||
| It is important | for roboticists | to understand | human interaction |
| This is the problem | for future generations | to solve. | |
| The best jobs | for a robot | to perform | are in industry. |
| There will be nothing | For an idea for us | to be realized, to do, | you need a lot of effort. with robots working. |
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