Make a summary of the text according to the following plan.
1. The title of the text is “…” .
2. The text is devoted to … .
3. Such problems as … are touched upon in the text.
4. The text consists of … parts.
5. The first part deals with … .
6. The second (third, forth, etc.) part describes … .
7. The main idea of the text is to show … (to underline … / to prove … / to inform the reader about ...).
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8. 
In my opinion, the text is useful / informative / interesting. It is worth reading.
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Skim over the text and do the tasks that follow.
Text B. Water-Supply Engineering and Sewage Disposal
“Water is fundamental to life and health” United Nations Committee on Economic, Cultural and Social Rights
(2002)
Engineering is a science which deals with design, construction and operation of structures, machines, engines and other devices used in in- dustry and everyday life. Engineering applies scientific and technical knowledge to solve human problems.
The proper Russian equivalents for "engineering" are «инженерия, инжиниринг, инженерное искусство, техника, технология, строи- тельство, разработка, проектирование, конструирование, машино- строение».
Engineering is divided into many branches. The most important of them are civil engineering, industrial engineering, mechanical engineer- ing, chemical engineering, electrical engineering, sanitary engineering, materials engineering, etc. The field of engineering includes a wide vari- ety of activities.
Civil engineering is the oldest of the main branches of engineering. Civil engineers cooperate with architects to design and erect all types of buildings. They plan and supervise large construction projects such as bridges, canals, dams, tunnels and water supply systems. A number of civil engineers focus on the management of water resources, including the construction of flood control and irrigation systems, hydroelectric power plants, water supply and sewerage systems.
Water-supply engineering is a branch of civil engineering. It is a complex of activities concerned with the supply of water to its various consumers – community, industrial enterprises, transport, etc.
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This discipline based on various branches of technical sciences has a complex character. The complex character is determined by the necessity of solving a complex of complicated engineering tasks connected with design, construction and operation of water supply systems. These sys- tems include various facilities providing acquisition, treatment and de- livery of water in demanded quantities and of adequate quality to water consumers.
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So, a water supply system is a complex of engineering structures car- rying out the supply of water including acquisition of water from a varie- ty of natural water sources, its treatment, transmission, storage, and dis- tribution to the water consumers.
The study of the course in water-supply engineering is based on the knowledge of a number of general technical and specialized disciplines:
1. 
hydrology, hydrogeology (groundwater hydrology), hydrotechnics (hydraulic engi- neering) and drilling technology;
2. water chemistry and hydrobiology;
3. hydraulics;
4. building disciplines.
Sewage disposal (also called waste dispos-
al) is a complex of sanitary activities as well as a complex of engineering structures and facilities intended for the collection of wastewater, its dis- posal outside the city limits or industrial enterprises, its delivery to wastewater treatment plants, as well as its treatment, sanitation and disin- fection before recycling or discharge into a body of water.
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