Pict. 5. Sources of Drinking Water
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18. Read the texts of Unit 1 again and make notes under the follow- ing headings. Then use your notes to talk about Water on the Earth and Water-Supply Engineering.
1. Significance of water for life.
2. Water properties and characteristics.
3. The hydrologic cycle.
4. Engineering. Water-supply engineering and sewage disposal.
5. Types (categories) of water consumption.
6. Natural water sources and their use for water supply purposes. Sources of drinking water.
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Unit 2
Water Supply Systems
“Children of a culture born in a water-rich environment, we have never really learned how important water is to us. We understand it, but we do not respect it.”
WILLIAM ASHWORTH, Nor Any Drop to Drink, 1982
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Read the following international words and guess their meaning. Mind the stressed syllables. Prove that these words are international ones.
Model: engineering [ˌenʤɪ'nɪərɪŋ] - прикладной (о науке); техни- ческий, инженерный; инженерное искусство; машиностроение; инженерия; инжиниринг; строительство; техника, аппаратура; проектирование; конструирование; разработка
| activity [æk'tɪvətɪ] adequate ['ædɪkwət] adsorption [æd'sɔːpʃ(ə)n] aeration [eə'reɪʃ(ə)n] coagulation [kəuˌægjə'leɪʃ(ə)n] collection [kə'lekʃ(ə)n] combination [ˌkɔmbɪ'neɪʃ(ə)n] complex ['kɔmpleks] component [kəm'pəunənt] | neutralize ['njuːtr(ə)laɪz] operate ['ɔp(ə)reɪt] osmosis [ɔz'məusɪs] pressure ['preʃə] problem ['prɔbləm] process ['prəuses] provision [prə'vɪʒ(ə)n] pump [pʌmp] realize ['rɪəlaɪz] |
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| conservation [ˌkɔnsə'veɪʃ(ə)n] convert [kən'vɜːt] definition [ˌdefɪ'nɪʃ(ə)n] disinfection [ˌdɪsɪn'fekʃ(ə)n] distance ['dɪst(ə)ns] distillation [ˌdɪstɪ'leɪʃ(ə)n] distribution [ˌdɪstrɪ'bjuːʃ(ə)n] economy [ɪ'kɔnəmɪ] equivalent [ɪ'kwɪv(ə)lənt] factor ['fæktə] filtration [fɪl'treɪʃ(ə)n] flocculation [ˌflɔkjə'leɪ ʃ(ə)n] flotation [fləu'teɪʃ(ə)n] geographic [ʤɪə'græfɪk] hydraulic [haɪ'drɔːlɪk] hydrologic [ˌhaıdrəˈlɒdʒık] industrial [ɪn'dʌstrɪəl] method ['meθəd] modern ['mɔd(ə)n] natural ['næʧ(ə)r(ə)l] | region ['riːʤ(ə)n] reservoir ['rezəvwɑː] resource [rɪ'sɔːs] reverse [rɪ'vɜːs] sedimentation [ˌsedɪmen'teɪʃ(ə)n] serious ['sɪərɪəs] standard ['stændəd] structure ['strʌkʧə] system ['sɪstəm] tank [tæŋk] term [tɜːm] transmission [trænz'mɪʃ(ə)n], [træns'-] transport 1. v [træn'spɔːt] 2. n ['trænspɔːt] transportation [ˌtrænspɔː'teɪʃ(ə)n] underground 1. adv [ˌʌndə'graund] 2. n, adj ['ʌndəgraund] variety [və'raɪətɪ] |
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2. 
Translate the following words and phrases and memorize them.
| N OUNS AND NOUN abundance appurtenance arrangement delivery distribution pipe maintenance occurrence pipeline plumbing fixtures pollutant purpose quality quantity | PHRASES reservoir shortage storage tank sufficiency [availability] of water supply water acquisition [col- lection] water conservation water consumer water distribution water distribution sys- tem | water purification plant water resources water storage water storage facility water supply water supply system [network] water transmission [transportation] water treatment [purifi- cation] water treatment facility water use |
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| V ERBS AND VERBAL PHRASES | ||||
| to accomplish | to carry out | to provide | ||
| to be aimed at | to deliver | to refer to | ||
| to be intended for | to include | to remove | ||
| to be situated | to increase | to require | ||
| A DJECTIVES AND PARTICIPLES
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| additional | elaborate | satisfactory | ||
| adequate | engineered | sufficient | ||
| available | palatable | suitable | ||
| conventional | pure | treated | ||
| domestic | purified | wholesome | ||
3. 
Match the English and Russian equivalents.
| 1. adequate quantity 2. adequate supply 3. carbon adsorption 4. complex of activities 5. complex of engineering structures 6. deferrization and fluori- dation 7. engineering task 8. firefighting equipment 9. industrial enterprise 10. inland lakes or rivers 11. natural water source 12. populated locality 13. reverse osmosis 14. soil moisture 15. to take advantage of 16. undesirable impurity 17. water softening | a. адсорбция активированным уг- лем b. внутренние озера или реки c. воспользоваться чем-л., исполь- зовать в своих интересах, с вы- годой для себя d. достаточное количество e. достаточный запас f. инженерная задача g. комплекс инженерных соору- жений h. населенный пункт i. нежелательная примесь j. обезжелезивание и фторирова- ние (воды) k. обратный осмос l. почвенная влага; влажность (почво)грунта m. природный источник воды n. промышленное предприятие o. противопожарное вооружение p. совокупность мероприятий q. умягчение воды |
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