Система вищої освіти у Великій Британії (The system of higher education in Great Britain )
According to the latest statistics, the British system of Education is considered to be one of the leading ones in the world. A lot of people dream of getting the higher education there. The British appreciate old traditions for the centuries which add to the value of the education.
There are over 90 universities in Great Britain. They are divided into 3 types: the old universities, such as Oxford, Cambridge and Edinburgh Universities, the 19th century universities, such as London and Manchester Universities, and the new universities. Universities differ from each other in traditions, general organization, internal government, etc.
Some universities accept students mainly on the basis of their “A” level results, although they may interview them. Most universities are divided into faculties which may be subdivided into departments: art, law, music, economy, education, medicine, engineering, etc. Most degree courses last 3 years, language courses – 4 years, including a year spent abroad. After 3 years of study a student may proceed to a Bachelor’s of Art or Science degree, and later to the degrees of Master of Philosophy and Doctor of Philosophy. Medicine and dentistry courses last 5–7 years.
Teaching of each subject combines lectures, practical classes, and small group-teaching in seminars or tutorials. Students may receive a grant but the number of these students is comparatively small. Most students live away from home, in halls of residence.
The leading British universities are Cambridge and Oxford. The organization system of Oxford and Cambridge differs from that of all other universities. The teachers are usually called Dons. There are many societies and clubs there. The most celebrating at Cambridge is the Debating Society at which students discuss political and other questions with famous politicians and writers. Sporting activities are also numerous. The work and games, the traditions and customs, the jokes and debates – all are parts of students’ life there.
Здоров’я – найбільше багатство (Health is the biggest wealth )
There are lots of proverbs and sayings about health: A sound mind in a sound body or Prevention is better than cure. Wise people say that good health is a great blessing. If our body suffers from any disorder, our mind suffers with it, we are unable to make much progress in knowledge, we are unfit to perform our social duties, and we are not in a good mood.
For anyone who wants to be healthy, fitness has become an integral part of their lives. There are lots of fitness clubs and public leisure centres with swimming pools, water slides, and gyms, which help keep your body in perfect condition and give much fun. Jogging and walking are very popular activities too.
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Proper rest is also necessary to the health of both body and mind. It’s important to go to bed at a regular time and get up at a regular time. Getting enough sleep helps fighting off different diseases and improves mood. Good sleep improves the ability to concentrate, reduces irritability and impatience.
Good hygiene is also essential. Our skin “breathes” the way our lungs do. Therefore it should always be clean. Besides its importance to health, good hygiene is an aid to beauty, comfort, and social interactions.
Proper nutrition is another part of the healthy lifestyle. We should eat healthy foods, which include fruits and vegetables, whole grains, cereals, and beans. We also should limit the intake of salt, sugar, and caffeine. We should remember that deficiencies, excesses, and imbalances in diet can lead to diseases such as scurvy, obesity or anorexia, as well as psychological problems.
We should also abstain from smoking tobacco, taking alcohol in excess, and drug use which impose a serious threat to our health.
One more important thing for good health is happiness. Worry, stress, and tension aren’t only unpleasant but can also shorten our life. So, we should kiss, cuddle, and compliment often. We should always wear a smile because it makes us and others miles better.
Thus we must remember that moderation in eating and drinking, reasonable hours of labour and study, regularity in exercise, proper rest, cleanliness, and many other essentials lay the foundations for good health and long life.
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