Визначні наукові відкриття та винаходи сучасного світу (Major s cientific b reakthroughs and i nventions of the modern world )
There are many wonders in the world. In the Ancient times there were Seven Wonders: the Pyramids of Egypt, the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, the Statue of Zeus, the Temple of Artemis, the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus, the Pharos of Alexandria, and the Colossus of Rhodes. They were created by people to glorify beauty and entreat gods or emperors.
Wonders of the modern world are different from the ancient ones: television, mobile phones, fax machines, microwave ovens, cars, jets, computers, space rockets etc. They make our life easier, more efficient, and convenient. Nowadays modern industry is fulfilled with the help of robots. They are widely used in manufacturing, assembly and packing, transport, earth and space exploration, surgery, weaponry, lab research, and mass production of industrial goods. Domestic robots are also common in and around homes. They are taking on such jobs as floor cleaning and lawn mowing. Robot toys entertain children worldwide.
Mechanisation has eased much the toil of the farmer and has enormously increased farm efficiency and productivity. Planes and helicopters are employed in agriculture for such purposes as seeding, transporting perishable products, fighting forest fires, and in spraying operations. Agriculture supplied with greenhouses and chemical fertilizers produces a huge amount of food which can be stored for a long time and transported to different places.
Many infectious diseases have been conquered through vaccines and antibiotics. The advance of medical knowledge enables people to perform complicated operations and to keep people alive with the help of implanted parts.
Computers are another wonder of the modern world. They are essential tools in almost every field of research and applied technology, from constructing models of the universe to producing tomorrow’s weather reports.
People have invented a lot of wonderful things but they should remember that not all of them are peaceful, because there are such inventions as lasers, nuclear weapons etc. The ecology is also harmed by most of inventions: many species are dying out, forests are being destroyed by acid rains, and natural resources are being exhausted. So before inventing something people should think about the consequences first, otherwise all of us may disappear one day.
Переваги та недоліки дистанційної освіти ( Pros and cons of d istan ce learning)
Distance learning is more popular than ever. As technology continues to evolve, more and more people are embracing it as a way to improve their education and leap into a new career. There are several pros and cons of distance learning, and it’s a good idea to consider them all before making the decision to take up this kind of learning.
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One of the primary advantages is the high flexibility. People, who find it difficult to attend a traditional institution, such as stay-at-home moms, people working full-time or members of the military, are highly benefited through distance learning. There are several educational programs that allow such people to continue their work along with their education, easily-fitting in both into their schedule.
Most of the courses turn out to be cheaper through distance learning as opposed to attending a traditional college. You can study in the comfort of your room without paying costs for classrooms, boards etc. The cost of studying a course at a university is three times more than the tuition fee for distance learning programs.
Another major advantage of distance learning is that you can do any course from anywhere in the world. Most online education courses allow people from different countries and states to make avail of their courses. So, even if you live in Kyiv, you can join a course offered by some institution in New York through distance learning.
Distance learning is good for elder people who may not feel comfortable about attending classes with people younger than them. People with disabilities who cannot move around on their own without help can also complete their education through distance learning.
You do not have to pay any traveling expenses to attend classes at university. Your classroom is right there at home. This, furthermore, saves your travel time and helps you utilize time in a better manner.
There are obvious drawbacks to distant learning. If you are one of the students who prefer interacting with teachers and seeking their attention, then distance learning is probably not your take. This is one of the major disadvantages of distance learning, as you cannot interact with teachers as well as with other fellow students. While interactions enhance critical thinking and problem-solving skills, distance education largely lacks this advantage. Though many distance learning sites have developed online forums or chat rooms, this is only a partial substitute, which cannot be compared with college classrooms.
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Since most distance learning courses are self-paced, it becomes tremendously difficult to stay motivated, allowing one to easily lose inspiration and procrastination to study further. Hence, dropout rates for distance learning are exceptionally high.
Another significant disadvantage of distance education is that very little support is provided by such a medium in terms of providing study material and extra information. One has to surf through the internet or look out for the requisite information in books. While this can be really empowering for one student, another student may find this task very daunting.
Nothing can be compared to the beauty of the college campus and the college spirit. All these experiences of a traditional college are excluded from distance education courses.
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