Прийменниковий інфінітивний комплекс
(The for-to-Infinitive –Construction )
Інфінітивний комплекс може вводитися прийменником for, і називається прийменниковим інфінітивним комплексом.
| … for + | noun me you her him us them | + to do … |
| It’s time for us to go. | Нам пора йти. |
Функції прийменникового інфінітивного комплексу
| Функція | Приклади | Спосіб передачі значення інфінітива укр. мовою. |
| 1. Складний підмет. | For me to help you is the greatest pleasure. Допомогти тобі – найбільше задоволення для мене. | Інфінітивом. |
| 2. Предикатив | It’s for you to decide. Вирішувати це - тобі. | Інфінітивом (з нього і починати переклад) |
| 3.Складний додаток | We waited for the rain to stop. Ми чекали, поки припиниться дощ. | Іменником, складнопідрядним реченням, інфінітивом. |
| 4. Складне означення | Here are some books for you to read. Ось декілька книжок, які ти можеш прочитати. | Складнопідрядним реченням; іменниковим сполученням; у деяких випадках інфінітив зовсім не перекладається. |
| 5. Складна обставина: а) мети | I’ve closed the window for you not to catch cold. Я зачинив вікно, щоб ти не застудилась. | Складнопідрядним реченням з підрядним мети або наслідку. |
| б) наслідку | You speak English too fast for me to understand. Ти говориш занадто швидко, щоб я міг зрозуміти. |
II. Vocabulary Comprehension
1. Learn the words and word-combinations to comprehend the text:
| brick | цегла |
| clay | глина |
| rectangular | прямокутний |
| to grip | тримати |
| bricklayer | муляр |
| shape | форма |
| ld. (Libra) | фунт |
| to handle | брати руками, тримати в руках |
| to burn | випалювати |
| to dry in the sun | висушувати на сонці |
| weight | вага, маса |
| thermal conductivity | теплопровідність |
| hollow/porous brick | порожниста цегла |
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2. Read the following international words and give their Ukrainian equivalents:
composition, material, popular, control, position, prevent, protect(ion), texture, thermal, effective, ordinary, modern, primitive, constant, atmospheric, mechanical.
3. Define meanings of the words by their affixes, state what part of speech they indicate. Translate them into Ukrainian :
universal – universally; hard – hardness; construct – construction; practical – practically; general – generally; please – pleasing; economy – economic – economical.
III. Reading Comprehension
1. Skim the text first to define its general subject and the subject of each paragraph. Use the following phrases:
The text is about…
The subject of the text is…
There are…paragraphs in it.
The first (second, third, etc.) paragraph deals with (considers…, describes…, informs…).
2. Skim the text again and answer the following questions:
1. Is this text about stone?
2. Does the author mention how to prevent the skin from rough brick?
3. Is the shape of a brick described?
4. Are different kinds of bricks mentioned?
3. Read the text:
Text A. Brick
1. Today brick is considered to be one of the main building materials. In shape it is a rectangular solid and its weight is from 6 to 9 lb. Bricks generally present a pleasing appearance and can be obtained with various qualities, colours and textures. Being of a high volume weight and high thermal conductivity ordinary brick can not be always used in building practice. There are other kinds of bricks which are more effective: they are light-weight building bricks, hollow or porous bricks. Light-weight building bricks differ from ordinary clay bricks in a lower weight and lower thermal conductivity, and therefore more economical than ordinary bricks.
2. The shape and convenient size of a brick enables a man to grip it with an easy confidence and, because of this, brick-building has been popular for many hundreds of years. The hand of the average man is large enough to take a brick and he is able to handle more than 500 bricks in an eight-hour working day.
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3. Brick is a universally used structural material which in modern times is made by pressing clay into blocks and burning them to hardness. Bricks in their most primitive form were not burned, but were hardened by being dried in the sun. Brick probably existed in times of which no record remained.
Since the Middle Ages brick work has been in constant use everywhere, in every sort of construction and in every architectural style. Good bricks are practically indestructible by fire or atmospheric action and more durable than stone. At the beginning of the 19th century, mechanical processes came into everyday use and by the end of the century had almost entirely replaced the ancient hand-fashioned methods.
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