Translation as a kind of lingual mediation.
21. Translation is a means of lingual mediation, that is fully oriented for the foreign language original. Translation is treated as a foreign language form of existence of the message of the original. Inter-lingual communication, performed through the mediation of translation, in the fullest degree reproduces the process of immediate speech communication, in which the communicants use the same language.
Like the case, when in the process of one language communication the texts for the speaker and for the listener are treated as communicatively similar and united in one whole, the text of the translation is treated as communicatively similar with the text of the original. The task of translation is to ensure such type of inter-lingual communication, in which the TT, created in the R’s language, could function as a full-value communicative substitute of the original and identified with the original by the Receptors of the translation (TR) in functional, structural and semantic respects.
22. The functional identification of the ST and the TT is revealed in the fact that the users (or the translation receptors - TR) handleTT in such a way as if it wereST, a creation of the source text author. The translation is published, quoted, criticized, etc. as if it really belonged to the foreign Source.
A Britisher may find in his paper the phrase "The French President made the following statement yesterday" and then read the statement in quotation marks.He is sure that he has read what the French President really said, which is certainly not true to fact since the President spoke French and what is cited in the paper is not the original text but something different: an English text produced by some obscure translator who blandly passes his statement for the French statesman's.
A book in Russian may bear the title: «Ч. Диккенс. Тяжелые времена» and the readers are convinced that they are reading a novel by Ch. Dickens no matter how close it actually is to the original text. They may make judgements on its merits, say, "I tike Dickens" or 'Dickens's style is somewhat artificial" or ''Dickens's vocabulary is very rich", etc. as if they have really had access to the author's work.
The functional status of a translation is supported by its structural and semantic similarity with the original. The translator is expected to refrain from any remarks or intrusions in his text which may betray his authorship thereof. He is expected to efface himself as fully as he can to avoid interference with the process of communication between S and TR.
|
|
|
23. The semantic identification of the ST and the TT is revealed in the fact that the TRs consider that the TT fully renders the contents of the ST, that it renders the same contents by means of another language.
The semantic identification of the translation with ST is of major importance. It is presumed that the translation has the same meaning as the original text. No exchange of information is possible if there is discrepancy between the transmitted and the received message. The presumption of semantic identity between ST and TT is based on the various degrees of equivalence of their meanings. The translator usually tries to produce in TL the closest possible equivalent to ST.
24. The structural identification of the ST and the TT is revealed in the fact that the TRs consider that the TT is similar to the ST not only in the whole, but also in parts. The structure of the translation should follow that of the original text: there should be no change in the sequence of narration or in the arrangement of the segments of the text.
The aim is maximum parallelism of structure which would make it possible to relate each segment of the translation to the respective part of the original. It is presumed that any breach of parallelism is not arbitrary but dictated by the need for precision in conveying the meaning of the original. The translator is allowed to resort to a description or interpretation, only in case "direct translation" is impossible.
Structural parallelism makes it possible to compare respective units in the original text and in the translation so as to discover elements which have equivalents and those which have not, elements which have been added or omitted in translation, etc. In other words, similarity in structure is preserved in respect to the smallest segments of the text.
25. So, translation may be defined as a kind of lingual mediation, in which by means of a SL a text is created, which is communicatively similar to the original in the functional, semantic and structural respects. For those who use the translation is serves as the original, being its full-value representative. The communicative approach to translation is the leading principle of today’s theory of translation.
Дата добавления: 2018-04-15; просмотров: 517; Мы поможем в написании вашей работы! |
Мы поможем в написании ваших работ!