Complex Object / Complex Subject
1. I think him to have left for Moscow.
2. We know your uncle to be an excellent mathematician.
3. I expect him to understand my problem.
4. He likes children to laugh.
5. They saw the ship sail away from the shore.
1. He is said to be a good translator.
2. A hare is known to run very fast.
3. This type of rocket is supposed to have many advantages.
4. The poem is believed to have been written by Byron.
5. This appeared to amuse the policeman.
6. The operation seem to be a very complicated one.
1. Он наблюдал, как мама моет посуду.
2. Бабушка любит, когда Лена играет на рояле.
3. Она знала, что он очень добрый человек.
4. Полагают, что эта поэма была написана в VIII веке.
Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на перевод составных предлогов и союзов.
1. Due to the establishment of new trolley-bus routes the passenger service in the city was mproved.
2. The monument was restored in spite of many difficulties.
3. Who can repair the apparatus instead of him?
4. No planes took off on that day on account of low clouds.
5. You can get to that part of the city eitherby bus orby the underground.
6. As soon as all the calculations are completed, we will begin the tests.
7. These children know neither German nor French.
8. You can stay here as long as the room is free.
Вариант 3
Сопоставьте термины с их значениями и сделайте перевод.
| Term | Meaning | Translation |
| 1. ALLOY | A. The metal to be welded or cut. In alloys, it is the metal present in the largest proportion. | |
| 2. BASE METAL | B. That portion of the base metal whose structure or properties have been changed by the heat of welding or cutting. | |
| 3. COVERED ELECTRODE | C. The process of cutting metals by melting with the heat of the metal arc. | |
| 4. FILLET WELD | D. A metal electrode with a covering material which stabilizes the arc and improves the properties of the welding metal. The material may be an external wrapping of paper, asbestos, and other materials or a flux covering. | |
| 5. GAS POCKET | E. An arc welding process in which fusion is produced by heating with an electric arc or arcs between a bare metal electrode or electrodes and the work. The welding is shield by a blanket of granular, fusible material on the work. Pressure is not used. Filler metal is obtained from the electrode, and sometimes from a supplementary welding rod. | |
| 6. HEAT AFFECTED ZONE | F. A weld cavity caused by the trapping of gases released by the metal when cooling. | |
| 7. METAL-ARC CUTTING: | G. A mixture with metallic properties composed of two or more elements, of which at least one is a metal. | |
| 8. QUENCHING | H. The capacity of a material to form a strong bond of adherence under pressure or when solidifying from a liquid. | |
| 9. SUBMERGED ARC WELDING | I. The sudden cooling of heated metal with oil, water, or compressed air. | |
| 10. WELDABILITY | J. A weld of approximately triangular cross section, as used in a lap joint, joining two surfaces at approximately right angles to each other. |
Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст “ Basic Principles of Welding”.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES OF WELDING
A weld1 can be defined as a coalescence2 of metals produced by heating to a suitable temperature with or without the application of pressure, and with or without the use of a filler material.3
In fusion welding4 a heat source generates sufficient heat to create and maintain a molten pool of metal of the required size. The heat may be supplied by electricity or by a gas flame. Electric resistance welding5 can be considered fusion welding because some molten metal is formed.
Solid-phase processes6 produce welds without melting the base material and without the addition of a filler metal. Pressure is always employed, and generally some heat is provided
The electric arc used in welding is a high-current, low-voltage discharge7 generally in the range 10-2,000 amperes at 10-50 volts. An arc column8 is complex but, broadly speaking, consists of a cathode that emits electrons, a gas plasma for current conduction, and an anode region that becomes comparatively hotter than the cathode due to electron bombardment. Therefore, the electrode, if consumable, is made positive and, if non-consumable, is made negative. A direct current (dc) arc is usually used, but alternating current (ac) arcs can be employed.
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Notes on the text
1. a weld сварное соединение
2. coalescence соединение
3. filler material присадочный материал
4. fusion welding сварка плавлением
5. electric resistance welding (контактная) сварка сопротивлением
6. solid-phase processes твердофазные процессы
7. low-voltage discharge низковольтный разряд
8. an arc column столб дуги
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