PROBLEM OF STRATEGY CHOICE: V. I. CHUYKOV AND STALINGRAD DEFENSE
Isaev Alexey Valerievich
Candidate of Sciences (History)
Head of the Department of packet telephony maintenance, JS «Nokia Solutions and Networks»
alexey.v.isaev@gmail.com
12 Krasnokazarmennaya Street, 111250, Moscow, Russian Federation
Abstract. Based on recently available documents of Red Army and Wehrmacht author provide different view on defensive fighting of the Soviet 62 Army in Stalingrad. Since the very beginning of V. I. Chuikov’s appointment to 62 Army command he faced the problem of strategy choice, passive or active. In these circumstances Chuikov was influenced both from below and from above (front HQ). Author investigates the roots of choices and the result of it from September to November 1942.
Key words: V. I. Chuikov, Battle of Stalingrad, losses, rifle divisions.
Mepbou m oghou ms fnabhɵx sagau nd6ofo monkobogya ebneetce bɵ6op o6pasa geuctbmu, ctpatefmm m toukm mpmnowehme ochobhɵx ycmnmu b kohkpethɵx ycno- bmex, a takwe cmehɵ ctpatefmm mpm msmehehmm ycnobmu. Ha6nohɵ m ctahgaptɵ (k umcny kotopɵx othocetce yctabɵ) he otmehedt heo6xogmmoctm bɵ6opa. Mpm stom uaye bcefo monkobogyy mpmxogmtce geuctbobata b ycnobmex hegoctatka mhØopmaymm m bpemehm ha mpmhetme pemehme. Hmehho tbopueckmu mpoyecc bɵ- 6opa genaet boehhoe geno b 6onameu ctemehm mckycctbom, hewenm pemecnom.
Ctanmhfpagckae 6mtba b yenom m 6opa6a sa fopog Ctanmhfpag b uacthoctm sgeca he 6ɵnm mcknduehmem. Bctymmbmmu b komahgobahme 62-u apmmm 12 ceh- te6pe 1942 f. 1 fehepan-neutehaht B. H. fyukob cpasy we okasance mepeg he- o6xogmmoctad bɵ6opa o6pasa geuctbmu. B o6yem bmge efo mowho ommcata kak bɵ6op mewgy aktmbhou m maccmbhou ctpatefmeu, mewgy ctpemnehmem habesata mpotmbhmky cbod bond m peafmpobahmem ha geuctbme bpafa. O6yae sagaua ygepwata fopog Ctanmhfpag mofna pematace kak hactymatenahɵmm, tak m o6opo- hmtenahɵmm geuctbmemm. Bɵ6op bo mhofom sabmcmt ot mmedymxce b hanmumm cmn m cpegctb, mpmuem b coothecehmm c cmnamm m cpegctbamm mpotmbhmka.
Mpaktmueckm cpasy B. H. fyukob bɵhywgeh 6ɵn peafmpobata ha geuctbme mpotmbhmka. B 4.45 6epnmhckofo bpemehm 13 cehte6pe b hactymnehme ha yeh- tpanahyd uacta Ctanmhfpaga mepemen LI apmeuckmu kopmyc 6-u apmmm b co- ctabe 71, 295 m 389-u mexothɵx gmbmsmu. Mpopɵb mpotmbhmka b yehtp fopoga bɵhywgaet cmehmta pacmonowehme KM apmmm. K ytpy 14 cehte6pe komahghɵu myhkt apmmm mepemectmnce b tak hasɵbaemoe ]apmyɵhckoe mogsemenae, fge pa- hee pacmonafance mta6 Øpohta. Hauanahmk mta6a 62-u apmmm H. H. Kpɵnob bcmommhan: «]apmyɵhckoe mogsemenae» mpegctabneno co6ou bmectmtenahɵu, pasgenehhɵu ha otcekm 6etohhɵu tyhhena c o6mmtɵmm tecom ctehamm. V6ewm- ye 6ɵno hagewhoe – hag motonkom uyta he geceta metpob fpyhta» [1, c. 119]. 3to o6ecmeumbano ykpɵtme ot ygapob abmaymm m tewenou aptmnnepmm mpotmb- hmka. Takmm o6pasom, camm o6ctoetenactba mogtankmbanm komahgobahme 62-u apmmm ha akyeht b o6opohe ha dwhyd uacta fopoga.
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¶anaheumme co6ɵtme goctatouho xopomo msbecthɵ: bbog b 6ou nefehgaphou 13-u fb. cg A. H. Pogmmyeba, ee aktmbhɵe geuctbme b yehtpe fopoga. Oghako xo- tenoca 6ɵ o6patmta bhmmahme ha bawhɵu Øakt. B tpagmymohhom ommcahmm geu- ctbmu 13-u fb. cg bbog b 6ou 1-fo 6atanaoha 42-fo fb. cm b pauohe boksana, b ot- pɵbe ot fnabhɵx cmn gmbmsmm bɵfnegmt kpauhe pmckobahhɵm mafom co ctopohɵ komahgmpa 42-fo fb. cm H. M. Enmha. Oghako b geuctbmtenahoctm otopbabmmuce ot 6epefa Bonfm 6atanaoh haxogmnce b noktebou cbesm c mogpasgenehmemm 10-u cg HKB¶ m 42-u c6p k dfy m dfo-boctoky ot boksana. boecmoco6hocta stou fpymmmpobkm gobonaho bɵcoko oyehmbanaca mpotmbhmkom. Kak ykasɵbanoca b ghebhom gohecehmm LI kopmyca sa 18 cehte6pe: «facta fopoga dwhee boksana go ]apmyɵ m Bonfm saheta cmnahɵm mpotmbhmkom». Takwe mo mpmkasy mta6a Øpohta b houa c 17 ha 18 cehte6pe b Ctanmhfpag mepempabneetce 92-e ctpenko-
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1 Cofnacho sammcm b Xb¶ apmmm.
bae 6pmfaga. B mpmkase mta6a Øpohta 92-e c6p mmehyetce «6000 coctaba» [2]. 3to fobopmt o tom, uto peanahae umcnehhocta 6pmfagɵ k momehty mpm6ɵtme ha Øpoht 6ɵna 6nmska k stou benmumhe. Monowmtenahɵm pesynatatom bboga 6pmfa- gɵ b pauoh dwhee ]apmyɵ ctano ge6nokmpobahme snebatopa.
Fpymmmpobka k cebepy ot ]apmyɵ 6ɵna atakobaha b 4.00 (6epnmhckofo bpe- mehm) 19 cehte6pe cmnamm gbyx monkob 71-u mg, ho ygepwana mosmymm. Kak yka- sɵbanoca b ghebhom gohecehmm kopmyca: «B tewenom 6od c ofhebɵmm toukamm, pacmonowehhɵmm ha hacɵmm, bmepeg hemhofo cmof mpogbmhytace tonako 191-u mm, kotopɵu bɵmen k kpad 6onamou mnoyagm c maptmuhɵmm sgahmemm». Mno- yaga c «maptmuhɵmm sgahmemm» sto he uto mhoe, kak mnoyaga Mabmmx bopyob, ha kotopou ctoenm Hcmonkom m Vhmbepmaf.
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Kak mɵ bmgmm, mo coctoehmd ha 19 cehte6pe cobetckae fpymmmpobka b yehtpe fopoga m b yctae ]apmyɵ coxpahena yctouumbocta o6opohɵ m ot6mbana atakm. Mobopothɵm myhktom ctano 18 cehte6pe, kofga mpmhmmaetce pemehme o6 mcmona- sobahmm b Ctanmhfpage eye oghofo cbewefo coegmhehme – 95-u cg. 18 cehte6pe b
18.00 mpmkasom mta6a Øpohta ¼ 122 B. H. fyukoby mpegmmcɵbanoca:
«Komahgapmy 62, cosgab ygaphyd fpymmy b pauohe Mamaeb kypfah he mehee tpex cg m oghou t6p, hahectm ygap [b] hampabnehmm c.s. okpamha Ctanmhfpag c sagaueu: yhmutowmta mpotmbhmka b stom pauohe. 3agaua ghe: yhmutowmta mpo- tmbhmka b f. Ctanmhfpag, mpouho o6ecmeumbae sa co6ou py6ew – Pɵhok, Opnob- ka, bɵc. 138,0, 98,9, ceb.-sam. m sam. okp. fop. Ctanmhfpag» [3].
Hmehho gne mpobegehme stou omepaymm b coctab 62-u apmmm c 18.00 18 ceh- te6pe mepegabanaca cbewae 95-e cg. B houa c 18 ha 19 cehte6pe gmbmsme mepe- mpabnenaca uepes Bonfy mo mepempabe b pauohe «Kpachofo Okte6pe» m bɵgbm- fanaca k Mamaeby kypfahy.
Mouemy b kauectbe pauoha cocpegotouehme cbewefo pesepba bɵ6mpaetce mmehho Mamaeb kypfah? Mouemy 95-e cg hayenmbaetce ha hactymnehme ms pau- oha Mamaeba kypfaha ha df? Mpm mepbom we bsfnege ha kapty bmgho, uto myta hactymnehme ot bɵc.102,0 ha df mpefpawgaetce obpafom ¶onfmu. bonee tofo, ha hekotopɵx hampabnehmex sa obpafom ¶onfmu haxogmtce eye ogho cepaeshoe mpemetctbme – obpaf Kpytou. Co6ctbehho, ecnm mcxogmta ms cobetckou bepcmm ganaheummx co6ɵtmu, sto okasano hefatmbhoe bosgeuctbme ha xog kohtpygapa. Hactymnehme 95-u cg mo omepatmbhɵm cbogkam coegmhehme okasanoca octahob- neho ha py6ewe obpafa ¶onfmu. Heo6xogmmocta ofobopkm othocmtenaho «cobet- ckou bepcmm» 6yget o6aecheha hmwe.
fto we sactabmno A. H. Epemehko m B. H. fyukoba bɵ6pata mmehho stot bapmaht? Otbet ha stot bompoc he tak mpoct, kak mowet mokasatace. Mo fopeumm cnegam 6oeb b Ctanmhfpage B. H. fyukob b mhtepbad kommccmm Mmhya ckasan gobonaho wectkyd Øpasy: «Camoe ctpamhoe, uem mɵ ctpaganm, – sto bpahae ha- mmx mta6ob, m komahgmp gmbmsmm, he mpobepmb sto geno, coo6yan to, uefo ha camom gene het» [4, c. 399]. 3geca mpocmatpmbaetce mmehho takou cnyuau.
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15 cehte6pe 39-u fb. cm 13-u fb. cg mog komahgobahmem mauopa C. C. ¶onfo-
ba 6ɵno pemeho mcmonasobata gne kohtpatakm b pauohe Mamaeba kypfaha (bɵc. 102,0). Bompoc o mepmoge bnagehme stou knduebou gne yehtpanahou uactm Ctanmhfpaga bɵcotou ebneetce cmophɵm, m sgeca gokymehtɵ ctopoh he bcefga cxogetce. B ghebhom gohecehmm LI AK sa 15 cehte6pe ykasɵbaetce:
«B 11.40 516-mm 295-u mg, hecmotpe ha ymophoe compotmbnehme hempmetene ha xopomo ykpemnehhɵx mosmymex, ot6mn bɵcoty 102 m ee samaghɵu cknoh» [5]. B cbod ouepega, b Xb¶ 112-u cg ykasɵbaetce, uto b 14.00 15 cehte6pe mmena mecto cobmecthae ataka c 39-m fb. cm, b pesynatate kotopou bɵcota
102.0 ywe k 15.00 6ɵna saheta 39-m fb. cm.».
B 6onee mosgheu sammcm b mpmnowehmex k Xb¶ 6-u apmmm ecta Øpasa:
«B mpomewytouhou cbogke pasbegotgena ykasaho (19.10), uto LI apmeuckmu kopmyc motepen bɵcoty 102 m ee cebepo-samaghɵe cknohɵ». T.e. geuctbm- tenaho mog ygapom cbewefo monka 13-u fb. cg (geuctbobabmefo otgenaho ot gmbmsmm) Mamaeb kypfah 6ɵn hemyamm motepeh. Oghako ywe b ytpehhmx gohecehmex LI AK sa 16 cehte6pe ykasɵbaetce, uto 295-e mg sahmmaet bɵc.
102.0. Mpotmbopeume b stom, ha camom gene het. B Xb¶ cobetckou 112-u cg kak sagaua ghe 16 cehte6pe sammcaho «hactymnehme mo saxbaty bɵc. 102,0» [6]. 3to sactabneet cgenata bɵbog, uto bo btopou monobmhe ghe 15 cehte6pe mnm b houa ha 16 cehte6pe knduebae bɵcota bce we 6ɵna motepeha. bopa- 6a, k cowanehmd, mna b pashɵx «becobɵx katefopmex». Hemyɵ mmenm bos- mowhocta moggepwmbata cbom atakm kyga 6onee moyhɵm ofhem aptmnnepmm. 39-u fb. cm takou moggepwkm he mmen.
B ganaheumem hmkakmx msmehehmu b monowehmm 295-u mg ha bɵc. 102,0 b hemeykmx cbogkax he Ømkcmpyetce. Oghako c cobetckou ctopohɵ 16 cehte- 6pe b Xb¶ 62-u apmmm mmeetce sammca: «39 fb. cm hactymaet ha bɵc. 102,0 c boct. m k 18.00 obnagen bɵc.102.0 m mpogonwaet hactymnehme ha ceb.-sam» [7]. Mepempobepmta gohecehme 16 okte6pe b mta6e 62-u apmmm 6ɵno satpyg- hmtenaho, oh mepemeyance b pauoh «Kpachofo Okte6pe». B Xb¶ 62-u apmmm mpemɵm tekctom hammcaho «C 24.00 16.9 Htapm – Kpachɵu Okte6pa» [8].
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Mo cyyectby, mmen mecto bɵ6op mewgy ctpatefmemm, kotopɵe mowho o6oshaumta kak «mamaebckae» (t.e. opmehtmpobahhae ha geuctbme ms pauo- ha Mamaeba kypfaha) m «yapmyɵhckae» (opmehtayme ha geuctbme b pauohe yctae ]apmyɵ). Mpegctabneetce ouebmghɵm, uto b cnyuae monyuehme gocto- bephou mhØopmaymm o monowehmm bouck ha bɵc.102.0 pemehme mcmonaso- bata 95-d cg b pauohe Mamaeba kypfaha he mofno 6ɵta mpmheto. Kyga 6onee mepcmektmbhɵm bɵfnegmt pemehme c mcmonasobahmem cbewefo coegmhehme b pauohe yctae ]apmyɵ, b tom umcne gne kohtpygapa bo Ønahf fpymmmpobke mpotmbhmka b yehtpe fopoga. B nd6om cnyuae cbewee coegmhehme cosgabano mpegmocɵnkm gne ygepwahme pauoha fopogckofo teatpa, mnoyagm Mabmmx bopyob m mpmnefadymx ynmy.
Pasymho, koheuho, bɵgbmhyta bctpeuhoe mpegmonowehme: hebephɵe go- knagɵ o6 o6ctahobke c hemeykou ctopohɵ. Ecnm 6ɵ ha mosmymex ctatmuho
haxogmnaca tonako 295-e mg, sto bɵfnegeno 6ɵ goctatouho y6egmtenaho. Oghako b teuehme gbyx houeu, c 20 ha 21 cehte6pe m c 21 ha 22 cehte6pe mogpasgenehme 295-u mg cmehenmca 24-u tahkobou gmbmsmeu, mpm6ɵbmeu ms XXXXVIII kopmyca m fotobmbmeuce k hactymnehmd ha pa6oume mocenkm [9, p. 190]. Pemehme sto 6ɵno motmbmpobaho ctpemnehmem cocpegotoumta ycmnme 295-u mg ha hactymnehmm ha boctok, b hampabnehmm Bonfm. Ckpɵbata omm6km mexothɵx komahgmpob coceghefo kopmyca y komahgobahme monkob 24-u tg ochobahmu he 6ɵno. Mostomy Øakt mpmema mosmymu mmehho ha bɵc. 102,0 (ee sahen motoymknethɵu 6atanaoh 24-u tg) ebneetce becomɵm ap- fymehtom b monasy tofo, uto Mamaeb kypfah b stm ghm octabance b pykax hemyeb.
Cnegobahme «mamaebckou» ctpatefmm tpygho hasbata ycmexom. bɵnm mo- tepehɵ mosmymm (b uacthoctm 42-u c6p), ygepwahhɵe c mepbɵm hatmckom hemyeb ha fopog. Motepmena mopawehme b pauohe k dfy ot ]apmyɵ 92-e c6p, ot kotopou k kohyy cehte6pe octanoca bcefo okono 1 000 uenobek, mpe- mmyyectbehho octabmmxce ha nebom 6epefy Bonfm. Vhmutoweh mshauanaho sahebmmu xopomyd mosmymd b pauohe boksana 6atanaoh 8. F. 8egoceeba ms 13-u fb. cg. Pasposhehhɵe ouafm compotmbnehme 13-u fb. cg b yehtpe b mtofe ottechedtce k Bonfe c uactmuhou 6nokmpobkou cha6wehme sa cuet sa- xbata focmogctbydymx sgahmu («F-o6pashɵu gom» m «¶om weneshogopow- hmkob»). O6payeha b pymhɵ cbewae 95-e cg. B mhofoumcnehhɵx atakax b pauohe Mamaeba kypfaha 95-e cg mohecna 6onamme motepm. Cofnacho otuety mta6a coegmhehme, c 19 mo 25 cehte6pe uactm gmbmsmm motepenm y6mtɵmm m pahehɵmm 5 186 uenobek [10]. Vcyfy6nenaca cmtyayme «mepoxobatoctemm» b begehmm o6opohmtenahou omepaymm, b uacthoctm mepempabou 13-u fb. cg ha mmpokom Øpohte, 6es cocpegotouehme ycmnmu ha yehtpe Ctanmhfpaga, a takwe mpo6nemamm cha6wehme m moggepwkm uacteu b fopoge aptmnnepmeu. Tak, b pasfap 6oeb sa yehtp fopoga aptmonk 13-u fb. cg ben ofoha… mo pau- ohy heØte6akob (k dfo-boctoky ot Mamaeba kypfaha).
Mogboge mtofm 6oeb sa yehtpanahyd uacta Ctanmhfpaga, cnegyet mpewge bcefo o6patmta bhmmahme ha ctoebmyd mepeg cobetckmm komahgobahmem gmnemmy mewgy omepatmbhɵm peafmpobahmem ha tekyyyd o6ctahobky b fo- poge m momɵtkamm pagmkanaho ee msmehmta. Mepboe mowho 6ɵno ocyyect- bneta ykpemnehmem o6opohɵ fopoga, mog6pacɵbae b 62-d apmmd pesepbɵ. Peanmsayme btopofo bapmahta mpegmonafana pasfpom atakydymx bouck mpo- tmbhmka moyhɵm kohtpygapom. Hecmotpe ha bɵhywgehhyd heo6xogmmocta cta6mnmsaymm o6ctahobkm moctoehhɵm mpmtokom pesepbob (m mogkpemne- hmu), A. H. Epemehko m B. H. fyukob tefotenm ko btopomy bapmahty m go ompegenehhofo momehta ctpemmnmca pagmkanaho msmehmta o6ctahobky b monoce 62-u apmmm, hahectm mtypmydyemy fopog mpotmbhmky kpymhoe mo- pawehme. Xenahme 6ɵno pasymhoe m o6aechmmoe, ho b mepbyd ouepega he
Omm6ouhae oyehka monowehme co6ctbehhɵx bouck b pauohe Mamaeba kyp- faha sabegomo o6pekana nd6ɵe momɵtkm hahectm kohtpygap mo hemyam b yehtpe fopoga ha heygauy. Hefatmbhɵm mocnegctbmem pasfpoma bouck b pau- ohe yctae ]apmyɵ m b yehtpe Ctanmhfpaga ctano takwe bɵcbo6owgehme 24-u tg m 94-u mg gne hactymnehme b pauohe sabogckmx mocenkob.
Mpm stom, pacmonafae gokymehtamm mpotmbhmka, henase he mpmshata, uto 71-e m 295-e mg LI AK hemyeb 6ɵnm mocmnahou yenad kohtpygapa (hecmo- tpe ha gobnedyee hag saymthmkamm Ctanmhfpaga mpebocxogctbo hemyeb b aptmnnepmm). Tefotehme cobetckofo komahgobahme k kohtpygapam ms pauoha
«Kpachɵu Okte6pa» b kakou-to mepe o6aecheetce 6nmsoctad k ochobhou mepempabe 62-u apmmm.
Bmocnegctbmm B. H. fyukob otkasance ot momɵtok pasfpoma mpotmbhmka kohtpygapom, opmehtmpye mogumhehhɵe uactm b mepbyd ouepega ha mpouhoe ygepwahme sahetɵx mosmymu. B stou cbesm heo6xogmmo mpokommehtmpobata smmsog ms mocnegydyefo mepmoga o6opohɵ Ctanmhfpaga. Kak msbectho, b momeht hauana hemeykofo hactymnehme 14 okte6pe 1942 f. ha CT3 cobetckme boucka ha hampabnehmm ygapa mpotmbhmka mmenm hactymatenahɵe sagaum m hactymanm.
Oghako sto hactymnehme tpygho hasbata uactad aktmbhou ctpatefmm ko- mahgobahme 62-u apmmm. Hactymnehme mpecnegobano cyfy6o uacthɵe saga- um obnagehme bɵfoghɵmm o6opohmtenahɵmm mosmymemm. B mpmkase ¼ 190 mnahɵ mpotmbhmka oyehmbanmca goctatouho touho «ctpemmtce pasbmta ygap ha mogctymax k CT3» [11]. Hactymnehme 37-u fb. cg m 95-u cg mpecnegobano nokanahyd yena nmkbmgaymm bknmhehme mpotmbhmka m saxbata bɵfoghɵx gne o6opohɵ mosmymu mo py6ewam gbyx obpafob m geØmne mewgy hmmm. B cnyuae ycmexa mosmymm cobetckmx bouck b pauohe CT3, hecomhehho, ycmnm- nmca 6ɵ.
umma b mocneghmu momeht bɵechmnoca, uto b mta6e 62-u apmmm hebepho oyehmbanm monowehme 37-u fb. cg. Mosghee b cboem mpmkase ot 12 okte6pe
B. H. fyukob o6bmhen mta6 gmbmsmm b hetouhom ykasahmm monowehme cbo- mx uacteu. B mtofe gne bɵxoga ha hashauehhɵu py6ew tpe6obanoca mpo- gbmhytace ganame, uem mpegmonafanoca mepbohauanaho (he 6ɵn sahet tak hasɵbaemɵu «mectmyfonahɵu gom»2 ). 3geca henase he mpmshata cmpabeg- nmbocta ympekob B. H. fyukoba. B omepcbogkax 37-u fb. cg m Xb¶ coegmhe- hme monowehme 114-fo fb. cm ykasɵbanoca «ot w.g. yn. Vctdwckae ha df go obpafa Xmtommpckmu» [12], t.e. geuctbmtenaho samaghee «mectmyfonahofo goma». 3ta bpoge 6ɵ heshaumtenahae omm6ka mpmbena k goctatouho tewe- nɵm mocnegctbmem.
Mogboge mtof bɵmeckasahhomy, henase he saoctpmta bhmmahme ha bɵco- kou yehe omm6km b ycnobmex mmpokomacmta6hofo boopywehhofo kohØnmk- ta. Bpoge 6ɵ heshaumtenahae hetouhocta b gohecehmm bɵsɵbaet yemouky
6ɵno o6ecmeueho c toukm spehme mpabmnahofo bɵ6opa bapmahta geuctbmu.
2 8mnatpaymohhae ctahyme.
ympabnehueckmx pemehmu, nmma ycyfy6nedymx cmtyaymd m tpe6ydymx gomonhmtenahɵx cmn m cpegctb gne cta6mnmsaymm monowehme. Mpm o6yeu 6esycnobho bɵcokou oyehke B. H. fyukoba m efo ponm b o6opohe Ctanmhfpa- ga, b tom umcne bbmgy cmehɵ ctpatefmm mog bnmehmem o6ctoetenactb, efo mepbɵe mafm ha mocty komahgydyefo 62-u apmmm tpygho hasbata ycmexom.
Npmmeuahme
1) Kpɵnob H. H. Ctanmhfpagckmu py6ew. – M.: Boehmsgat, 1979. – 380 c. C. 119. 2) ]AMO P8. 8. 48. Om. 451. ¶. 3. u. 157.
3) ]AMO P8. 8. 345. Om. 5487. ¶. 48–49. u. 136.
4) Ctanmhfpagckae 6mtba: cbmgetenactba yuacthmkob m ouebmgyeb / Mep. c hem. K. ue- bmhcoha; otb. pegaktop M. Xenna6ck; mocnecn. H. Kanmhmha. – M: Hoboe nmtepatyphoe o6ospehme, 2016. – 672 c.
5) NARA. T312 R1685 frames 1123–1124.
6) ]AMO P8. 8. 1309. Om. 1. ¶. 7. u. 27o6.
7) ]AMO P8. 8. 345. Om. 5487. ¶. 48–49. u. 134.
8) ]AMO P8. 8. 345. Om. 5487. ¶. 48–49. u. 136.
9) Mark J. Death of the Leaping Horseman. The 24th Panzer Division in Stalingrad. 12th August – 20th November 1942. Stackpole Books. 2014. P. 190.
10) ]AMO P8. 8. 345. Om. 5487. ¶. 15. un. 30–31.
11) ]AMO P8. 8. 345. Om. 5487. ¶. 5. u. 419.
12) ]AMO P8. 8. 1128. Om. 1. ¶. 9. u. 12.
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Tnabnau cneçuanucm om6ena ucnonatobanue 6oeymenmob u coçuanano-npabobou unØopmaçuu socy6apcmbennoso eatennoso yupem6enue Bonsospa6ceou o6nacmu
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dmitrykaduckov@mail.ru
yn. ¶amueneo, 6, 400005, s. Bonsospa6, Poccuuceae Øe6epaçue
Ahhotayme. B ctatae paccmatpmbadtce gokymehtɵ, packpɵbadyme kom- mnekc mep mecthɵx opfahob bnactm – Ctanmhfpagckofo fopogckofo Kommteta o6opohɵ m o6koma BKM(6) mo mogfotobke hacenehme m xoseuctba o6nactm k ot- pawehmd bpaweckofo hamagehme. B yehtpe bhmmahme abtopa takwe gokymehtɵ nmuhofo mpomcxowgehme, b tom umcne bocmommhahme mecthɵx wmteneu m yuact- hmkob cpawehme o tom fposhom bpemehm.
Knduebɵe cnoba: A. C. fyehob, Ctanmhfpagckmu fopogckou Kommtet o6o- pohɵ, sbakyayme, maptmsahckme otpegɵ.
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