Дайте відповіді на запитання.
1. What is the true stomach in cattle and sheep preceded by?
2. What is produced in the rumen?
3. What happens to the food bolus in the rumen?
4. What can the products of microorganism fermentation be absorbed through?
5. What is the name of the stomach whose lining consists of net-like compartments? What are its main functions?
6. Which stomach has walls lined with “leaves” of tough tissue?
7. What are the pretreatment “stomachs” by-passed by in young suckling animals?
8. What does the complex stomach arrangement enable the ruminant animal to do?
Вправи
I.Згрупуйте подані нижче слова за частинами мови.
| Іменник | Прикметник | Дієслово |
| stomach | Small | to carry |
cattle, to function, largest, mucus, is produced, products, is increased, projections, net-like, tough, fibrous, liquid, complex, enables, quantities, to deal with, fibre, indigestible, value, to be absorbed.
I I .Знайдіть спільне слово.
1.abomasum, rumen, reticulum, stomach
2.sheep, cows, cattle, pigs
3.chemicals, carbohydrates, cellulose
III .Згрупуйте подані нижче слова у синонімічні пари.
stomach, abomasum, pretreatment sac, pouch, slippery liquid, mucus, ruminating, cudding, functioning, operating, arrangement, system.
I V.Перекладіть речення українською мовою.
1. Abomasum is preceded by three other “stomachs” which are really pretreatment sacs or pouches.
2. Mucus is produced in the rumen.
3. The food bolus is liquefied in the rumen.
4. The rumen wall surface area is increased by many small projections.
5. The reticulum lining consists of net-like compartments.
6. The reticulum functions mainly as a fluid store.
7. This complex stomach arrangement enables the ruminant animal to deal with large quantities of food material.
8. The products of microorganism fermentation can be absorbed through the rumen wall.
9. A tube is formed to carry liquids directly into the abomasum.
10. Carbohydrates in the form of cellulose, the tough fibre in hay and straw would be indigestible without special treatment.
V. Підберіть визначення до поданих термінів.
| 1.stomach | a)a part shaped like a bag inside a plant or animal, usually containing a particular liquid |
| 2.sac | b)a baglike organ in the body where food is broken down for use by the body after being eaten |
| 3.pouch | c)changing after eating into a form that the body can use |
| 4.mouth | d)a baglike fold of skin, in which certain animals carry and store food |
| 5.fibre | e)any of the thin thread-like parts, mass of threads, that constitute a substance |
| 6.compartment | f)biting or crushing with the teeth |
| 7.chewing | g)the opening on the face through which an animal can take food into the body and make sounds |
| 8.digestion | h)a part into which an enclosed space is divided |
VI.Розкрийте дужки, вживаючи умовний спосіб, та перекладіть речення українською мовою.
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A.Зразок:If they (to know) the true stomach in cattle they will cure the animal. - If they know the true stomach in cattle they will cure the animal.
1. If the rumen (to be) sick much mucus won’t be produced in it.
2. If the weather (to be) nice tomorrow, we will go to the zoo.
3. I’m sure they (to understand) when you tell about it.
4. If you have some problems, I (to try) to help you.
5. If I have time on Sunday, I (to call) you.
6. When I get a ticket, I (to inform) you about it.
7. As soon as the president arrives, the conference (to begin).
B. Зразок:If you don’t hurry, we (to be) late. – If you don’t hurry, we will be late.
1. If the food (not to return) to the mouth for further chewing, it won’t be liquefied.
2. If the omasum (not to have) walls lined with “leaves” of tough tissue, the remaining fibrous food material won’t be ground between them.
3. If the animal (not to have) a stomach, it won’t transform the food material from a solid to a liquid state.
4. If the weather is not cold, the football match (to take place).
5. If you do not explain it to me, I (not to be able) to do this work.
C. Зразок: When you (to receive) my letter, please, let me know. – When you receive my letter, please, let me know.
1. When you (to have) some problems, tell me, please.
2. If you (to be) in Kyiv next time, come to see us.
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3. If I (to be) late tomorrow, don’t wait for me.
4. As soon as the delegation (to arrive), tell me about it.
5. When you (to be) angry, don’t show it in any way.
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