Translate the text into Ukrainian.
VII. Written assignment
Using text A and B of Unit 9 write a presentation about the production and use of concrete and reinforced concrete in construction industry.
Test № 3 (Units 7,8,9).
Test your professional, socio-cultural and language competences.
Mark the correct variant.
1. Nowadays very tall and huge buildings are made of … .
1. steel and concrete; 2. bricks; 3. stone.
2. When placed in … concrete must be protected.
1. summer; 2. spring; 3. winter.
3. Most early engineers were engaged in the construction of … .
1. dams; 2. bridges; 3. fortifications.
4. The ancient Greeks knew the art of building with … .
1. steel; 2. cut stone; 3. concrete.
5. Civil engineering is a very popular and … .
1. difficult; 2. extremely broad;
3. honourable profession.
6. Concrete was widely used by … .
1. Russian; 2. Romans; 3. Greeks.
7. … was one of the first building materials.
1. timber; 2. concrete;
3. portland cement.
8. The silicate industry embraces the production of … .
1. ceramics; 2. cement;
3. cement glass and ceramics.
9. The materials used to make silicate bricks are … .
1. cement and water; 2. white sand;
3. white sand and slaked lime.
10. … is very resistant to chemical attack.
1. portland cement; 2. high alumina cement;
3. tamping cement.
11. The main properties of concrete are … .
1. durability; 2. watertightness;
3. durability, strength, watertightness, workability.
12. Concrete is an artificial conglomerate of … .
1. crashed stone, gravel or similar inert material with a mortar;
2. crushed stone with water;
3. crushed stone with steel.
13. Reinforced concrete has become so popular because of … .
1. its resistance to fire;
2. its resistance to fire and weather;
3. its durability and strength under loads.
14. Portland cement was produced more than … ago.
1. 50 years; 2. a century; 3. 10 years.
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15. Greece possessed perfect … for columns, and beams and the arch and dome received little attention.
1. timber; 2. clay; 3. marble.
16. It is interest to note briefly the influence of … the schools of architecture.
1. weather; 2. materials; 3. history.
17. The hand of the average man is large enough to take a brick and he is able to handle more than … bricks in an eight-hour working day.
1. 500; 2. 5 000; 3. 1 000.
18. Having been reinforced with iron bass concrete became rather … .
1. durable; 2. light; 3. strong.
19. The external walls are made of sandwich panels with the outer layer made of … .
1. aluminium; 2. plastics; 3. bricks.
20. The are … ways of achieving priestess in concrete.
1. two; 2. three; 3. four.
21. About 100 bars … been used, half of them being steel.
1. have; 2. were; 3. had.
22. We saw them … crushed stone, gravel with mortar.
1. to mix; 2. mixing; 3. mixed.
23. A bridge … the two parts of the town will be completed in three years.
1. to connect; 2. connecting;
3. having connected.
24. The English for “точний метод” is … .
1. accurate method; 2. right method; 3. exact method.
25. The initial materials for the production of ordinary glass are mainly … .
1. limestone; 2. soda Na2CO3;
3. limestone CaCO3 and sand SiO2.
26. The English for “залізобетон” is … .
1. precast concrete; 2. light concrete;
3. reinforced concrete.
27. A brick may be made … .
1. of burnt clay and of concrete; 2. of sawdust;
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3. of burnt clay of concrete and of mortar.
28. After the decline of the … the art of making concrete has been forgotten.
1. Greece; 2. Egypt;
3. Roman Empire.
| 10. | 1. Modern Urban Planning. |
| 2. Types of Modern Cities. | |
| 3. The Gerund. Gerundial Construction[14]. |
І. Grammar Revision.
The Gerund /герундій/
Герундій –це неособова форма дієслова із закінченням – ing, що має властивості іменника та дієслов (reading, writing, going).
1) Як іменник герундій може:
1. бути підметом:
| Reading is useful. | Читати – корисно. |
2. бути додатком:
| He likes reading. | Він любить читати. |
3. бути частиною присудка:
| His hobby is reading. | Його хоббі – читання. |
4. мати перед собою прийменник:
| He is fond of reading. | Він захоплюється читанням. |
5. мати перед собою присвійний займенник або іменник в присвійному відмінку.
| Would you mind my reading the poem. | Ви не заперечуєте, якщо я прочитаю вірша. |
2) Як дієслово герундій (перехідного дієслова)[15] може:
1. мати при собі прямий додаток –
| I’m found of translating articles of this kind. | Мені подобається перекладати такі статті. |
2. визначатися прислівником –
| They continued listening attentively. | Вони продовжували уважно слухати. |
3. мати неозначену (Indefinite ) і перфектну (Perfect) форму; вживатися в активному стані (неперехідні дієслова), в активному і пасивному стані (перехідні дієслова).
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Форми герундія та їх комунікативні значення.
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