Person has stable HR, not more than 40 bpm. What is the pacemaker of the heart rhythm in this person?
A. Sinoatrial node
B. Purkinye' fibers
C. Branches of His' bundle
D. Atrioventricular node
E. His' bundle
Child asked you to puff up the balloon as much as possible for a one exhalation.What air volume will you use?
A. Functional residual volume
B. Vital volume of the lungs
C. Backup volume of the inspiration
D. Inspiration volume
E. Total volume of the lungs
A female patient complaining of indigestion and diffuse abdominal pain came to the doctor. During the examination the doctor found out considerably decreased hemoglobulin level in the blood. During the inquiry it turned out that the woman, living in the Far East, was frequently eating lightly salted caviar. Some relatives, who were living with her, had the same complaints. What was the diagnosis?
A. Echinococcosis
B. Thenyosis
C. Diphyllobothriasis
D. Ascariasis
E. Trichinosis
16. During the staining of sputum smear of a patient with suspected croupous pneumonia the following reactives and stainers were used: gential violet solution, Lugol's solution, 960 spiritus and water fuchsin. What method of staining is used in this case?
A. Leffler's
B. Gram's
C. Ziehl-Neelsen's
D. Neisser's
E. Romanovsky's
A patient complaining of weight loss (10 kg during 2 months), pallpitation and exophthalmos came to the endocrinologist. For the hyperfunction of what endocrine gland (glands) are these complaints the most typical?
A. Pancreas
B. Ovaria
C. Parathyroid glands
D. Adrenal glands
E. Thyroid
18. A 56-year-old patient with cardiac failure notices edematous feet and shins, the skin in the place of edema is pale and cold. What is the leading pathogenesis of this patient's edema?
A. Increased hydrostatic pressure in venulaes
B. Reduced oncotic pressure in capillaries
C. Lymph outflow impairment
D. Increased capillary penetration
E. Positive water balance
The intraoperative biopsy of mammal gland has revealed the signs of atypical tissue with disorder of parenchyma-stroma proportion with domination of the last, gland structures of different size and shape, lined with single-layer proliferative epithelium. What is the most appropriate diagnosis?
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A. Mastitis
B. Papilloma
C. Noninfiltrative cancer
D. Fibroadenoma
E. Infiltrative cancer
A 50-year-old man had been blocked up for 2 days because of earthquake. After he was rescued, the diagnosis of compression syndrome was made. What further complication is the most likely to develop in this case?
A. Acute vascular failure
B. Acute cardiac failure
C. Acute renal failure
D. Acute hepatic failure
E. Acute respiratory failure
A patient because of pathological process has thickened alveolar membrane. What will be reduced directly as a result this?
A. Oxygen capacity of blood
B. Alveolar lung ventilation
C. Diffuse lung capacity
D. Reserve expiratiory capacity
E. Minute respiratory capacity
A doctor made the diagnosis of gonorrhoea. It was known from the anamnesis that a patient had had gonorrhoea before and he had been treated completely. What type of infection can this new disease be attributed to?
A. Superinfection
B. Reinfection
C. Secondary infection
D. Relapse
E. Autoinfection
23. A 58-year-old woman complaints of increased tiredness, decreased capasity for work, somnolence and dyspnea during fast walking. Blood test revealed: erythrocytes - 4,6*1012/l, hemoglobin - 92 g/l, colour index - 0,6. Blood smear demonstrated high contents of microcytes and anulocytes. What anemia is it typical for?
A. Acute posthemorrhagic
B. Hemolytic
C. Iron deficiency
D. Penicious
E. Sickle cell
A patient, who had been blowing a cloud (smoking tobacco) for a long time developed lung cancer. Which of the suggested cancerogenic substances is contained in the tobacco smoke and is attributed to the polyunsaturated aromatic carbohydrates (PAC)?
A. β - naphthylamine
B. Orthoaminoazotoluene
C. Benzpyrene
D. Dimethylaminoazobenzene
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E. Diethylnitrosamine
Patient with vomiting, dizziness, sensation of dubble vision, difficult swallowing was admitted to the hospital. Doctor suspects botulism. What diagnostic methods should be used for diagnosis approving?
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