E. Volume overload of the left ventricular
Shock and signs of acute renal failure (ARF) developed in the patient due to permanent injury. What is the leading cause of development of ARF in the case?
A. Urine excretion violation
B. Increased pressure in the renal arteries
C. Decreased arterial pressure
D. Decreased oncotic BP
E. Increased pressure in the nephron capsule
Index of pH of the blood changed and became 7,3 in the patient with diabetus mellitus. Detecting of the components of what buffer system is used while diagnosing disorder of the acid-base equilibrium?
A. Protein
B. Oxyhemoglobin
C. Phosphate
D. Hemoglobin
E. Bicarbonate
On examination of the person it was revealed that minute volume of heart is 3500mL, systolic volume is 50 mL. What is the frequency of cardiac contraction?
A. 60 bpm
B. 90 bpm
C. 50 bpm
D. 70 bpm
E. 80 bpm
Chronic glomerulonephritis was diagnosed in a 34-year-old patient 3 years ago. Edema has developed in the last 6 monthes. What caused it?
A. Hyperaldosteronism
B. Hyperproduction of vasopressin
C. Hyperosmolarity of plasma
D. Disorder of albuminous kidneys function
E. Proteinuria
58 The alternate usage of dichlotiazide, etacrin acid and lasex didn't cause marked diuretic effect in patient with marked peripheral edema. Increased amount of aldosterone is in the blood. Indicate the medicine to be prescribed.
A. Mannit
B. Clopamid
C. Spironolacton
D. Amilorid
E. Urea
59 A 65-year-old suffering from the gout man complains of the pain in the kidney's region. On ultrasonic examination the renal calculi were revealed. As a result of what process were they formed?
A. Ornithine cycle
B. Protein catabolism
C. Heme decay
D. Restoration of cysteine
E. Decay of purine nucleotides
Chromosomes were revealed on karyotype examination of the 5-year-old girl. One of the 15th pair of chromosomes is longer than usual due to connected chromosome from the 21 pair. What type of mutation does this girl have?
A. Deletion
B. Insufficiency
C. Inversion
D. Duplication
E. Translocation
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On autopsy of the man with alcohol abuse for a long time it was revealed: dense, small-knobby, small size liver. Microscopically: small pseudo-lobules, divided with thin layers of connective tissue with lymphomacrophagial infiltrates; hepatocytes in the state of globular fatty dystrophy. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Toxic liver dystrophy
B. Chronic persistent alcohol hepatitis
C. Chronic active alcohol hepatitis
D. Fatty hepatosis
E. Alcohol cirrhosis
Galactosemia is revealed in the child. Concentration of glucose in the blood is not considerably changed. Deficiency of what enzyme caused this illness?
A. Hexokinase
B. Phosphoglucomutase
C. Amylo-1,6-glucosidase
D. Galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase
E. Galactokinase
63 Due to activation of ion channels of external membrane of excitable cell it's rest potential has significantly increased. What channels were activated?
A. Natrium channels
B. Slow calcium channels
C. Natrium and calcium channels
D. Potassium channels
E. Fast calcium channels
In the microspecimen of red bone marrow there were revealed multiple capillares through the walls of which mature blood cells penetrated. What type of capillares is it?
A. Fenestrational
B. Sinusoidal
C. Visceral
D. Lymphatic
E. Somatical
65 Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) increased for 20% due to prolonged starvation of the person. The most likely cause of filtration changes under this conditions is:
A. Increase of filtration coefficient
B. Increase of renal plasma stream
C. Decrease of oncotic pressure of blood plasma
D. Increase of penetration of the renal filter
E. Increase of systemic blood pressure
Patient with encephalopathy was admitted to the neurological in-patient department. Correlation of increasing of encephalopathy and substances absorbed by the bloodstream from the intestines was revealed. Whatsubstances that are created in the intestines can cause endotoxemia?
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A. Indole
B. Acetacetate
C. Ornithine
D. Butyrate
E. Biotin
Patient in the unconscious state was admitted to the emergency room. Skin is cold, pupils are delayed, breathing is heavy, with cycles of the Cheyne-Stokes type, blood pressure is decreased, urinary bladder is overloaded. Poisoning with what substance is the most likely?
A. М-cholinergic antagonists
B. Sedatives
C. -
D. Narcotic analgesics
E. Non-narcotic analgesics
In a 45-year-old patient on ECG it was revealed: sinus rhythm, the number of auricular complexesexceeds number of ventricular complexes; progressing extension of the P-Q interval from complex to complex; fallout of some ventricular complexes; Р waves and QRST complexes are without changes. Name the type of heart rhythm disfunction.
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