Ex. 1. State whether the -ing form is a participle, a gerund, or a verbal noun.
1. Looking back upon that time was like remembering something that had happened long ago, when he was much younger. (J.S.) 2. Looking back upon that time, I thought that all might have been different had it not been for the interference of my parents. 3. Dave lived there like a rent-paying tenant, his comings and goings being of small concern to the others. (A.S.) 4. The distraught Jenny, sitting by her sleeping child, was at last made to realize, by its peaceful breathing, that all danger was over. (Th.D.) 5. She left off ringing, and, sitting down at the top of the stairs, buried her face in her hands. (Glsw.) 6. With a sudden tightening of the muscles he became aware of a figure walking noiselessly beside him. (H.W.) 7. There was the sound of rocking a chair in the room, and of a woman singing. (R.G.) 8. He cursed himself for having come, and at the same time resolved that, happen what would, having come, he would carry it through. (J.L.) 9. Through spaces of the unfinished house, shirtsleeved figures worked slowly, and sounds arose — spasmodic knockings, the scraping of metal, the sawing of wood. (Glsw.) 10. Having exhausted all the possible combinations of his vocabulary, the sailor quieted down to hard thinking. (J.L.) 11. An old clock kept with its ticking a jealous record of the seconds slipping away for ever from its old master.
Ex. 2. Insert not or without before the -ing form, thus using a participle or a gerund.
1. ... speaking the language, he was questioned through an interpreter. 2. She never did a thing ... asking somebody's advice. 3. The man was holding forth, ... paying attention to the attempts to interrupt him. 4. I left him alone, ... wanting to distract him from his work. 5. ... having recognized me, she passed by ... answering my nod. 6. The girl looked innocently about her, ... realizing what the joke was. 7. They could not see each other ... immediately losing their temper. 8. ... waiting for an answer, he turned round and walked out. 9. I tried to catch his eye but he sat motionless, ... looking in my direction. 10. They jumped at the proposition, ... thinking of the consequences. 11. The wind had been blowing for many days ... seeming to stop. 12. The young man asked me all kinds of questions ... concealing his curiosity. 13. I stood as if petrified, ... believing my eyes. 14. He never signed a paper ... having thoroughly read it through. 15. The door stood ajar, and we entered ... knocking.
Ex. 3. Use the appropriate form of the infinitive or participle of the verb in brackets.
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1. (to switch on) the light, he pulled down the curtains. 2 (to switch on) the light, you have only to reach out your hand. 3. He took up the glass carefully, not (to spill) a drop. 4. He took up the full glass, not (to spill) a drop. 5. He received a letter (to inform) him of their new address. 6. They sent him a letter (to inform) him of their new address. 7. She winced (to remember) the pain. 8. She strained her memory (to remember) the date. 9 It was an answer (to expect). 10. An answer came, but it was not the answer (to expect). 41. A new canal was built (to connect) the two rivers. 12. (to take) his glass from the table he held it away from him (to scrutinize) the colour. 13. He is not a man easily (to move) by tears. 14. He was a sentimental man, easily (to move) by tears. 15. There is a man (to wait) for you. 16. There is a man (to see) you. 17. He stopped short as if (to take aback). 18. He shaded his eyes with his hand as though (to protect) them from the blazing sun. 19. She smiled to herself as if (to remember) something funny. 20. (to see) from afar, a beacon must be high and powerful. 21. (to see) from afar, the beacon was an unfailing guide for ships at sea, whatever the weather. 22. They had tried many other methods, finally (to return) to the initial one 23. They had tried many other methods only (to return) to the initial one.
Ex. 4. Translate what is given in brackets using the infinitive or participle.
1. He raised up his head а) (с удивленным видом); b) (чтобы посмотреть, кто вошел); с) (и увидел, что кто-то наблюдает за ним). 2. We have many people а) (которые нам помогают); (которые могут нам помочь). 3. а) Не settled at the new place (и уже не покидал его); b) (Обосновавшись) at the new place, he never left it. 4. The scientists brought back from the expedition some pictures of deep water fishes (невиданных ранее). 5. That is one of the greatest discoveries (когда-либо сделанных человеком). 6. a) The first party of the goods (посылаемых) to the fair has arrived; b) (посланных) to the fair is on the way to the port of delivery; с) (которые будут посланы) to the fair is ready for transportation. 7. a) I shiver (при одной мысли об этом); b) I shivered (подумав об этом). 8. а) Не must be a great authority on the subject (раз он написал) such a book; b) He was a great authority on the subject (проработав) in the field for so many years. 9. His was a wisdom а) (которая приобретается) only through experience; b) (которая может быть приобретена) only through experience. 10. a) How many rooms are reserved for the delegates (прибывающих) for the conference? b) There are some more delegates (которые должны прибыть) for the conference;
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b) These rooms are occupied by the delegates (прибывшими) for the conference.
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