The other members of the class express their own attitude to alcohol drinking.



 

Did you know?

WHY DO PEOPLE DRINK?

     Research studies show that most people drink:

- to feel “high” or to have good time;

- to enhance social occasions;

- to get ‘drunk’;

- to escape from problems;

- to relieve stress and promote relaxation;

- to enjoy the taste of alcohol.

-

HOW DOES ALCOHOL AFFECT THE BODY?

Alcohol enters the bloodstream and circulates to all body tissues and organs within a few minutes. It is carried directly to the brain and depresses almost every brain function.

The effects of too much alcohol include:

Physical

- increased heart rate; decreased heart muscle function;

- elevated skin temperature;

- slurred speech;

- lack of coordination;

- headache, fatigue;

- nausea and vomiting;

- stomach ulcers

Mental

- poor concentration;

- confusion, disorientation, stupor;

- impaired judgement;

- feeling of fear and anxiety.

-

ALCOHOL MYTHS

Myth: Getting drunk is funny.

Fact: Maybe in the films… but not in real life. Drunkenness is no more funny than any other illness.

Myth: People are friendlier when they are drunk.

Fact: Maybe. But they’re also more hostile, more dangerous, more criminal, more homicidal, and more suicidal. 64% of all murders are alcohol-related. And 60% of all suicides.

Myth: It’s impolite to tell a friend he’s drinking too much.

Fact: Maybe if we were not all so polite, we wouldn’t have so many friends with drinking problem.

Myth: It’s rude to refuse a drink.

Fact: Nonsense. What’s rude is trying to push a drink to someone who doesn’t want it. Or shouldn’t have it.

Myth: All that publicity about drinking and driving is…

Fact: True. At least half the road accidents involve drinking.

 

A) Read the following news story and answer questions about it.

     1. What is the main subject of this article? 2. What is the major cause of death for women aged between 20 and 40 in the Americas, Western Europe and Africa?

3. In what ways does AIDS threaten women? 4. How many people in the world are now infected with HIV? 5. Is the infection rate increasing faster among men or women?

 

WOMEN IN AIDS FRONTLINE

Main cause of death for women aged 20-40

     AIDS is now the major cause of death for women aged between 20 and 40 in major cities in the Americas, Western Europe and Sub-Saharan Africa, it was revealed yesterday.

     A new report, “Triple Jeopardy – Women and AIDS”, published by the international research institute Panos, highlights the growing threat to women.

     AIDS threatens women in three specific ways, the report argues: as individuals infected themselves, as mothers who may risk infecting their unborn children and as those who will bear the brunt of caring for those who are ill.

     The World Health Organization estimates that eight to 10 million people worldwide are now infected with HIV – the virus which leads to AIDS – and that one third of them are women.

     But alarming new evidence suggests that the infection rate is increasing faster among women.

     Recent studies in Zaire show that women aged between 15 and 30 are four times as likely to contract the disease as their male counterparts.

     Globally, the virus is spread mainly through heterosexual contact and women are twice as likely to contract the disease through a single exposure to an infected partner than men are.

     In New York, AIDS is already the leading cause of death for young black women aged between 15 and 40.

     Author of the report Judith Mariasy said yesterday: “In the West the very real threat to women hasn’t really registered on public consciousness or on the policy makers.”

     “Services for HIV-positive women are lagging behind and clinical trials and educational programmes are not designed with women in mind.”

                                                                                           By Lucile Hyndley

 

     b) You are a journalist. You have to report Lucile Hyndley’s story, but you have only half the amount of space. Decide which points are most important. Summarize the news in 120 words. Use parentheses with the Participle, such as: generally speaking, etc.

 


FUN WITH GRAMMAR

Proverbs

     Read the proverbs; try to memorize them. Give their Russian equivalents. Choose one proverb you like best, explain its meaning and comment upon it or use it in a short story.

     Never swap horses crossing a stream.

     Let sleeping dogs lie.

     Look before you leap, but having leapt never look back.

     The cat shuts its eyes when stealing cream.

     Rats desert a sinking ship.

     A rolling stone gathers no moss.

     A creaking door hangs long on its hinges.

     Barking dogs seldom bite.

     Stolen pleasures are sweetest.

     Inside every fat man there’s a thin man trying to get out.

     Friendship gone sour is always the worst kind of enmity.

     Money spent on the brain is never spent in vain.

     Least said, soonest mended.

     Well begun is half done.

Familiar Quotations

     Joys divided are increased.

                                 J.G. Holland (1819-1881)

     My motto is: contented with little, yet wishing for more.

                                                              Charles Lamb (1775-1834)

     There are two ways of meeting difficulties: you alter the difficulties, or you alter yourself meeting them.

                                                              Anonymous

     There is not a passion so strongly rooted in the human heart than envy.

                                                              Richard Sheridan (1751-1816)

     All wish to possess knowledge, but few, comparatively speaking, are willing to pay the price.

                                                              Juvenal (60-127)

 

Limericks

     There was an Old Person of Chili,

     Whose conduct was painful and silly;

              He sat on the stairs

              Eating apples and pears,

     That imprudent Old Person of Chili.

 

     There was a young lady whose chin

     Resembled the point of a pin;

              So she had it made sharp,

              And purchased a harp,

     And played several tunes with her chin.

 

     There was an Old Person of Nepal,

     From his horse had a terrible fall;

              But though split quite in two,

              With some very strong glue

     They mended that Old Man of Nepal.

 

     There was an Old Person of Peru,

     Who watched his wife making a stew;

              But once by mistake,

              In a stove she did bake

     That unfortunate Man of Peru.

 

     There was an Old Lady whose folly

     Induced her to sit in a holly;

              Whereupon, by a thorn

              Her dress being torn,

     She quickly became melancholy.

 

     There was an Old Person of Dundee,

     Who frequented the top of a tree;

              When disturbed by the crows,

              He abruptly arose,

     And exclaimed, “I’ll return to Dundee.”

 

     There was an old man, who when little

     Fell casually into a kettle;

              But growing too stout,

              He could never get out.

     So he passed all his life in that kettle.

 

Nursery Rhymes and Poems

     Cobbler, cobbler, mend my shoe,

     Get it done by half past two.

     Half past two it can’t be done.

     Get it done by half past one.

 

Little Miss Muffet

Sat on a tuffet,

Eating her curds and whey;

There came a big spider,

Who sat down beside her

And frightened Miss Muffet away.

     Little Miss Tucket

     Sat on a bucket,

     Eating some peaches and cream;

     There came a grasshopper

     And tried hard to stop her;

     But she said: “Go away, or I’ll scream”.

 

     Yankee Doodle came to town,

     Riding on a pony.

     He stuck a feather in his cap

     And called it macaroni.

 

              Winter Morning

                                 By Ogden Nash

Winter is the king of showmen,

Turning tree stumps into snowmen

And houses into birthday cakes

And spreading sugar over lakes.

Smooth and clean and frosty white,

The world looks good enough to bite.

That’s the season to be young,

Catching snowflakes on your tongue.

Snow is so snowy when it’s snowing,

I’m sorry it’s slushy when it’s going.

 

              The Joy of Reading

O for a book and a shady nook,

     Either in-doors or out;

With the green leaves whispering overhead,

     Or the street cries all about.

Where I may read all at my ease,

     Both of the new and old;

For a jolly good book whereon to look,

     Is better to me than gold.

                                 Anonymous.

 

     The Brook

Grumbling, stumbling,

Fumbling all the day;

Fluttering, stuttering,

Muttering away;

Rustling, hustling,

Bustling as it flows;

That is how the brook talks,

Bubbling as it goes.

              Alfred Tennyson

 

Funny Stories

* * *

     At her friend’s house a young girl meets a sailor who has escaped a shipwreck. Being eager to hear a thrilling story of a storm at sea she asks him:

     “How did you feel when tossed by the waves?”

     “Wet, miss,” he answers, unwilling to go into particulars.

* * *

- Do you know that ugly gentleman sitting opposite us?

- That’s my brother, madam.

- Ah, I beg your pardon. I haven’t noticed the resemblance.

 

* * *

     An American who went to Japan had a Japanese servant who was very polite. One morning the American wanted to get up very early and said to the servant: “Wake me up at six, please. Don’t forget.”

     At six o’clock the servant entered the American’s room very quietly and seeing that the American was asleep took a sheet of paper and wrote some words on it. Then he left the room as quietly as he had entered.

     Waking up at 11 o’clock, the American jumped out of bed, looked at his watch and saw the sheet of paper on the table. He read these words on it: “Dear sir, it is now six o’clock. Please get up at once.”

* * *

     When a little boy arrived home from school his mother asked him if he had been a good boy.

     He replied: “Sure, I was good! How much trouble can you get into standing in a corner?”

* * *

Patient: I’m in love with you! I don’t want to get well.

Nurse: You won’t. The doctor saw you kissing me, and he is in love with me, too.

* * *

     A member of the faculty of a London medical college was chosen to be an honorary physician to the Queen. Proud of his appointment, he wrote a note on the blackboard in his classroom:

“Beginning next month I will be honorary physician to Queen Elizabeth.”

The next day when the professor returned to the classroom, he found the following line written below his notice: “God Save the Queen!”

 


GENERAL REVISION

A.


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