PART 4. KEY TO ANALYTICAL READING

Part 1

1-d, 2-h, 3-f, 4-a, 5-b, 6-c, 7-e, 8-j, 9-g, 10-i, 11-k.

Part 2

1-e,2-d,3-I,4-a,5-l,6-k,7-h,8-f,9-j,10-c,11-b,12-g

TASK 7. Study Vocabulary Notes paying special attention to the use of prepositions. Then spot and correct the mistakes in prepositions in the sentences below.

1. What these two ladies enjoy most of all is to get together in the evening and gossip over all their neighbours’ affairs.

2. Joshua has always been a hypocrite and known how to wind his way into his superiors’ affection.

3. Scarlet O’Hara had a much stronger character than her relatives and she could easily wind most of them around her little finger.

4. Yesterday I stayed in the sun for too long and today my burnt skin is peeling off my nose.

5. Nobody expected Margaret to pass her final exams so well. |She didn’t do well during the term and we thought she would just scrape up through the exams as usual.

6. What does Patrick do for living? – He contributes articles to sports newspapers and magazines.

7. Who could have thought that the new secretary would make a mess of this important piece of work?

8. My brother is having the usual teenager’s problems now, so he takes everything I tell him in the wrong spirit.

9. What cakes shall I buy? – Choose to your taste.

10. What an awful dress Pamela is wearing today! – Why are you so surprised? She has always dressed in bad taste.

11. When Audra first visited Paris, she wandered about the city for hours admiring its splendour.

12. Where are you going to stay in London? – I think I will put up at some small inexpensive hotel.

13. What would you recommend me to do? – To begin with, to be on the safe side, see a lawyer and discuss the matter with him.

TASK 8. Fill in the gaps with one of the active words and expressions.

1-crack, 2-mess, 3-steady, 4-scrape, 5-gossip, 6-mess, spirit, 7-crack, 8-peel off, 9-contributions, 10-spirits, 11-sarcastic, 12-steady, 13-scrape, 14-spirit, 15-mess.

TASK 9. Choose the correct alternative for each of the following questions

1-b, 2-a, 3-b, 4-b, 5-a, 6-a, 7-c, 8-b, 9-c, 10-b, 11-a.

TASK 10. Translate into English using the active vocabulary.

1. old country inn; to be smothered in flowers; to be more like … than…. 2. to gossip over smth. 3. for 4 hours or so; 4. almost skittishly; to peel; odds and ends of the dinner; lightheartedness; to strike. 5. to evince great interest, old hackneyed things.6. with fresh and piquant flavour, with the taste like nothing else on earth 7. I would never have thought; ingredients, a little too rich; with a weak stomach; nutritious. 8. a lot of room; why not put…;9. to be on the safe side; the rest of the holiday; to taste the joys of privacy. 10. That won’t do! ; to waste one’s time;11. a dish with a flavour like nothing else on earth;12. there was no money left; 13. the more… the more..14. to crack jokes; to be in high spirits; 15. to scrape a living; there is no point in…16. I would never have thought; to peel potatoes, an undertaking.

4.2. Unit Two

TASK 2. Sort out the words below into the corresponding column according to their stress.

TASK 3. Read the interview and find in it synonyms to the words below:

1. famous – well-known 2. destiny – fate 3. sense – meaning 4. merciless – cruel 5. fancy – imagination 6. rough – harsh 7. to darken – to blur 8. to confuse – to mix up 9. to need – to lack 10. huge – enormous 11. inconsistency – discrepancy 12. bitterness – resentment 13. modern – contemporary 14. understanding – comprehension 15. constantly – continuously

16. public show – spectacle 17. retirement – resignation 18. offer – proposition 19. difficult – complicated 20. to trouble – to bother 21. damaged – distorted 22. uncertain – insecure 23. accusation –charge 24. to remind – to resemble 25. effect – impact 26. fight – battle 27. to entertain – to amuse 28. exciting – fascinating 29. to omit – to leave out 30. lonely – isolated

 

TASK 4. Match the words below with their antonyms:

1-d,2-f, 3-i, 4-e, 5-j, 6 –h, 7-b, 8-a, 9-c, 10-g

 

TASK 5. Match the halves of the word combinations from the text:

1-f, 2-i, 3-c, 5-g, 6-l, 7-m, 8-d, 9-e, 10-k, 11-h, 12-a, 13 -j

TASK 6. Fill in the gaps with active words or expressions:

1-not to the point; 2-mixed; 3-conscience; 4-reflect; 5-suspected; 6-interferes;
7-reflect; 8-dreamy; 9-admirable; 10-suspicion, constantly; 11-resist; 12-no point in; 13-on suspicion; 14-on reflection; 15-on the point.

TASK 7. Fill in the questions below with prepositions and answer them:

1. What did Bergman focus his attention on in his films? 2. In your opinion, do many children live in the worldof their own dreams? Why do you think so? 3. How do you understand Bergman’s words that he has to translate the wordsinto speeches, flesh and blood? 4. What kind of contradiction does the critic see between the two effects which Bergman’s films make on the audience? 5. Why do you think Bergman felt resentment against the critics, audience and government? Why was he in constant battle with them? 6. Do you agree that music, films and plays always work directly onemotions? Explain your point of view. 7. In your opinion, should critics try to interpret an artist through his work? 8. Do you agree that actors sometimes change a filmfor better or worse? Can you give any examples to prove your point of view? 9. Why does it happen sometimes that a film differs from the one the director intended? 10. Do you agree that a person needs time to succeed in understanding his profession?

 

TASK 8. Choose the best completion for each of the statements given below.

1-c, 2-b, 3-a, 4-a, 5-c, 6-b, 7-c, 8-c, 9-b, 10-b

TASK 9. Translate into English using the active vocabulary.

1. to be on the point of doing smth; not my cup of tea, 2. to interfere, to react to, a mixer; 3. to make a great impact; 4. admirable, to have difficulty with; 5. there is no point in, to let smb down, can’t resist; 6. to make a point of, to reflect; 7. to make oneself clear, as a result , 8. suspiciously, to criticize, 9. What I need is…, point of view, to get mixed up in smth.,10. to stop dreaming, to suffer from lack of money; 11. what you need is…, mind your own business, not to interfere in the other people’s affairs, to lack tact and knowledge of human psychology; 12.If I were asked for advice…,to change life for better or worse to resist temptations; 13.not to be one’s cup of tea, to watch with admiration; 14. on reflection, to come in contact with to explain the point;15. to follow the line of least resistance, to achieve success, to earn respect of colleagues

 

Unit Three

TASK 2. In the text of the lesson find English equivalents to the words and expressions given below.

1. racial prejudices 2. pre-recess period 3. to be free to comment 4. sacred 5. to brook no interference about smth 6. to be pointless to do smth. 7. to meet one’s needs 8. to be safe from reprisals 9. to matter to smb 10. to take pains to do smth 11. to look back 12. to encourage one’s active participation 13. to be careless about smth 14. to point out smth 15. to be anxious 16. a mixture of relief and disappointment 17. predecessors 18. transient 19. a conspiracy of indifference 20. to be in sympathy with 21. to be pointless 22. to waste time and effort 23. to set tasks 24. to make impression on smb 25. to look with innocent eyes

26. to reach smb through smth 27. to make the grade 28. to play into smb’s hands 29. to be overcome by anger and disgust 30. to lose one’s temper 31.  to feel sick at heart 32.  to display utter disrespect for 33.  sense of decency 34. viciousness 35.  to fall pitifully flat 36. culprit 37.  to reverberate 38. crude remark 39. on any silly pretext 40. to remark casually 41. intellectual challenge 42. smb’s background 43. fairly just 44. to observe the tendency 45. to occur 46. to do smth for one’s benefit 47. deliberate action 48. to inveigle smb into smth 49. to feel angry and frustrated 50. psychology of teaching

TASK 3. Sort out the words below into the corresponding column according to their stress.

First Syllable	Second Syllable	Two Stressed
prejudice comment sacred detail transient effort protest necessary culprit innocent accident benefit casually viciousness	preclude reprisal review collective relief occurred psychology particular remote uninterested enthusiasm domestic conspiracy reverberate arithmetic pretext campaign aplomb deliberate	qualification pre-recess individual association predecessor participation birdwatcher interruption disrespect informality continuity

TASK 4. Choose the correct alternative for each of the following questions

1-c, 2-a, 3-a, 4-b, 5-a, 6-b, 7-a, 8-b, 9-b, 10-b

TASK 5. Read the text and find in it synonyms to the words given below:

1. discrimination – prejudice 2. to get – to obtain 3. to prevent – to preclude 4. a break – recess 5. a plan, a method – scheme 6. an intrusion – interference 7. punishment – reprisal 8. orthography – spelling 9. to find out – to discover 10. just – fair 11. useless – pointless 12. wise, shrewd – intelligent 13. to be apprehensive – to be anxious 14. to confess – to admit 15. besides – apart from 16. temporary – transient 17. to answer – to respond 18. specific – particular 19. far away – distant and remote 20. to look at – to stare at 21. to dedicate – to devote 22. household – domestic framework

23. slowly – gradually 24. irritating – annoying 25. stage – phase 26. behaviour – conduct 27. apparently – obviously 28. a guilty party – a culprit 29. simply – merely 30. to be upset – to be frustrated 31. advantage – benefit 32. only – purely 33. to engage – to enveigle 34. to echo – to reverberate 35. carelessly – casually 36. rude – crude 37. intentional– deliberate 38. comment – remark 39. excuse – pretext 40. hatred – viciousness 41. to show – to display 42. morality – decency 43. dirt –filth

TASK 6. Match the words below with their antonyms.

1. unintentional	a) deliberate
2. politely	b) rudely
3. dull	c) intellectual
4. frequent	d) rare
5. praise	e) reprisal
6. close	f) remote
7. guilty	g) innocent
8. to praise	h) to criticize
9. permanent	i) transient
10. strange	j) familiar

TASK 7. Fill in the blanks in the questions below with prepositions and answer them.

1. Why do you think the Headmaster would brook no interference about his pet scheme?

2. Why do you think the Old Man wanted the children to write about the school events in their own words, in their own way?

3. Do you think it was good that the children were safe from any form of reprisal no matter who they criticized?

4. Why was that important for Mr. Florian that the children wrote about what mattered to them?

5. Do you think those Weekly Reviews were a good way to improve the children's written English in terms of spelling, construction and style?

6. Do you think it was pleasant for the teachers when their pupils commented on them?

7. Could in your opinion teachers be careless about their clothing, manners or person?

8. Why do you think the children saw no point in wasting their time and effort writing about their new teacher?

9. Why was the young teacher anxious to discover what kind of figure he cut in front of them?

10. Do you agree that books on the psychology of teaching can be of great help toyoung teachers?

11. Is it really necessary to take great pains in planning lessons?

12. Do you think the children who didn’t join the noisy treatment campaign were in sympathy with the teacher or with those who disrupted the lessons?

13. Why do you think the children used rude words in a voice loud enough for the teacher's ears?

14. How did it happen that the young teacher played into his pupils’ hands?

15. Why do you think the teacher was overcome by anger and disgust and sick at heart?

TASK 8. Match halves of the expressions given below.

Part 1

1. to waste	time and effort
2. to observe	one’s progress
3. to brook	no interference
4. to take	pains
5. to make	the grade
6. to meet	the needs
7. to be reasonably	fair
8. a mixture	of relief and disappointment
9. to be safe	from reprisal
10. to follow and observe	one’s progress

Part 2

1. a crude	remark
2. to have no sense	of decency
3. to display	disrespect for smb
4. to encourage	one’s participation
5. to lose	one’s temper
6. to feel	sick at heart
7. conspiracy	of indifference
8. to inveigle smb	Into interest
9. to fall	flat
10. to play	Into smb’s hands

 

TASK 9. Fill in the missing derivatives in the table below.

№	Noun	Verb	Adjective	Adverb
1	school	to school	scholarly scholastic	-----
2	advantage	----	advantageous, disadvantageous	diadvantageously
3	admittance admission	to admit	----	admittedly
4	waste	to waste	wasteful wasted	-----
5	back	to back	back backward	back backwards
6	requirement	to require	required	------
7	reference referee	to refer	referable	-----
8	temper	to temper	temperamental	-----
9	display	to display	---	----
10	decency	----	decent	-----

 

TASK 10. Fill in the gaps in the sentences below with one of the words from the table. Use the right tense-forms.

‘school’

1. Even now most scholarly journals pay nothing and you are lucky to get a fee if you talk at a conference.

2. For quite a long time scholars have attempted to discover exactly what effects television has on our young.

3. Admitted to Mills College on a full scholarship, she graduated Phi Beta Kappa without a penny of help from her parents.

4. Working-class families, by contrast, are less likely to provide an environment that encourages scholastic skills.

5. She was starting at zero as she had very poor schooling due to ill health.

6. She eased to a more comfortable position against the angle of the ground and schooled herself to wait.

‘advantage’

1. Electronically supported meetings not only solve pressing business problems but offer their own advantages.

2. The expanding region will attract capital for investment and workers will migrate from the less advantageous areas.

3. After his promotion Henry found himself in a more advantageous position.

4. Money may be deposited on terms that make early withdrawal disadvantageous.

‘admit’

1. The Senator's admission that he had lied to Congress shocked many Americans.

2. Admittedly, didn't get as much work done as I'd hoped this morning, but it should be finished soon.

3. Gaining admission to this prestigious club was no easy matter.

4. The young men tried to enter a nightclub but were refused admission.

‘waste’

1. The ability to produce waste in greater quantities made this system wasteful and it has given way to a more scientific process.

2. Too much waste has been dumped into the North Sea in the last 50 years.

3. Don't leave the light on – you're wasting electricity.

4. Natural waste is defined as a reduction in the number of workers because of people leaving or retiring and not because they have lost their jobs.

5. I'm sorry you've had a wasted trip. Mr. Newton isn't here.

‘back’

1. Two men were sitting in the back of the car.

‘to require’

1. The job requires a college degree and knowledge of computers.

2. The average daily food requirement for an adult is between 2000 and 3000 calories.

3. Further details will be sent on requirement.

4. All club members are required to attend the annual meeting.

‘to refer’

1. We will need references from your former employers.

2. These symptoms may be referred to virus infection rather than parasites.

3. Articles submitted to the journal are read by several referees.

‘temper’

1. Jill needs to learn to control her temper.

2. Although their love for each other was growing steadily, the emotion was tempered with suspicion.

3. Young children have very different temperaments and so the style of management of one child may not suit another.

4. Jo's car is very temperamental in the mornings. Sometimes it starts and sometimes it doesn’t.

 

TASK 11. Translate into English using the active vocabulary.

1 conduct, to have moral advantage, 2. to take advantage of 3. standards of requirements, to admit more students4. reluctant admission 5. wasteful people 6. in the background 7. Russian to the backbone, 8. background knowledge 9. on the back of the picture 10. to talk about smb behind smb’s back 11. backbreaking 12. to refer to one’s notes 13. to display one’s bad temper, to show one’s disrespect 14 to be on display 15. not suitable for such solemn occasion, smth more decent.

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