Simple verb phrases
A simple verb phrase consists of a main verb. The verb in a simple verb phrase shows the type of clause (e.g. declarative, imperative):
Your camera takes fantastic pictures. (present simple, declarative clause)
Dress smartly. Arrive on time. (imperative clauses)
Complex verb phrases
A complex verb phrase may include one modal verb and one or more auxiliary verbs before the main verb. A modal verb always comes before any auxiliary verbs:
(mo = modal verb; aux = auxiliary verb; mv = main verb)
House prices [MO] could [MV] fall during the next six months. (modal verb + main verb)
You [MO] may [AUX] have [MV] played this game before. (modal verb + one auxiliary verb)
The work [MO] should [AUX] have [AUX] been [MV] finished by 30 January. (modal verb + two auxiliary verbs)
Meaning of auxiliary verbs in verb phrases
Auxiliary verbs give different types of meanings to a verb phrase.
| meaning | auxiliary verb (+ form of main verb) | example |
| continuous | be + -ing form | I was thinking about you all day. |
| perfect | have + -ed form | The girls have all gone out together. |
| passive | be + -ed form | Val’s car was stolen from outside her house. |
| interrogative | do + subject + base form | Do they sell newspapers in your local shop? |
| negative | do + not + base form | It didn’t last very long. |
| emphatic | do (stressed) + base form | It does annoy me when they make so much noise. |
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