Detachment & parcellation
I. Classify the following isolated members according, speak on their syntactical function. Discuss the punctuation used to isolate the detached members.
1. Each of them carried a notebook, in which whenever the great man spoke, he desperately scribbled. Straight from the horse's mouth. (A. H.)
2. She narrowed her eyes a trifle at me and said I looked exactly like Celia Briganza's boy. Around the mouth. (S.)
3. And life would move slowly and excitingly. With much laughter and much shouting and talking and much drinking and much fighting. (P. A.)
4. "How do'you like the Army?" Mrs. Silsburn asked. Abruptly, conversationally. (S.)
5. He is alert to his fingertips. Little muffs, silver garters, fringed gloves draw his attention; he observes with a keen quick glance, not unkindly, and full rather of amusement than of tensure. (V. W.)
6. The crooks and four-flushers and smart operators everywhere. On the docks. In the offices. Right up in battalion and company, right up next to you on the front line. (I. Sh.)
7. "Honestly. I don't feel anything. Except ashamed." "Please. Are you sure? Tell me the truth. You might have been killed." "But I wasn't. And thank you. For saving my life. You're wonderful. Unique. I love you." (Т. С.)
8. A hawk, serene, flows in the narrowing circles above. (A.M.)
9. The people are awful this year. You should see what sits next to us in the dining room. At the next table. They look as if they drove down in a truck. (S.)
10. I have to beg you for money. Daily! (S. L.)
11. And he stirred it with his pen – in vain. (К. М.)
12. And Fleur – charming in her jade-green wrapper – tucked a corner of her lip behind a tooth, and went back to her room to finish dressing. (G.)
13. The crow I gave her went wild and flew away. All summer you could hear him. In the yard. In the garden. In the woods. All summer that damned bird was calling: "Lulamae, Lulamae." (T. C.)
14. I like people. Not just empty streets and dead buildings. People. People. (P. A.)
Suspense
I. Analyse the manner in which the following cases of suspense are organized.
1. All this Mrs. Snagsby, as an injured woman and the friend of Mrs. Chadband, and the follower of Mr. Chad-band, and the mourner of the late Mr. Tulkinghorn, is here to certify. (D.)
2. I have been accused of bad taste. This has disturbed me, not so much for my own sake (since I am used to the slights and arrows of outrageous fortune) as for the sake of criticism in general. (S. M.)
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3. No one seemed to take proper pride in his work: from plumbers who were simply thieves to, say, newspapermen (he seemed to think them a specially intellectual class) who never by any chance gave a correct version of the simplest affair. (J. C.)
4. "…The day on which I take the happiest and best step of my life – the day on which I shall be a man more exulting and more enviable than any other man in the world – the day on which I give Bleak House its little mistress – shall be next month, then," said my guardian. (D.)
5. "If you had any part – I don't say what – in this attack," pursued the boy, "or if you know anything about it – I don't say how much – or if you know who did it – I go no closer – you did an injury to me that's never to be forgiven." (D.)
6. Corruption could not spread with so much success, though reduced into a system, and though some ministers, with equal impudence and folly, avowed It by themselves and their advocates, to be the principal expedient by which they governed; if a long and almost unobserved progression of causes and effects did not prepare the conjuncture. (Bol.)
Gradation
I. Discuss the nature and distribution of the components of logical climax in the following examples.
1. It was a mistake... a blunder... lunacy... (W.D.)
2. What I have always said, and what I always shall say, is, that this ante-post betting is a mistake, an error, and a mug's game. (P. Q. W.)
3. And you went down the old steep way... the well-known toboggan run... insane pride... lies... treachery... murder... (P.)
4. Poor Ferse! Talk about trouble, Dinny—illness, poverty, vice, crime—none of them can touch mental derangement for sheer tragedy of all concerned. (G.)
5. He was numbed. He wanted to weep, to vomit, to die, to sink away. (A. B.)
6. It is done—past—finished! (D.)
7. "It must be a warm pursuit in such a climate," observed Mr. Pickwick. "Warm! – red hot! – scorching! – glowing!" (D.)
8. A storm's coming up. A hurricane. A deluge. (Th.W.)
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9. I was well inclined to him before I saw him. I liked him when I did see him; I admire him now. (Ch. Br.)
10. "Say yes. If you don't, I'll break into tears. I'll sob. I'll moan. I'll growl." (Th. S.)
11. "I swear to God. I never saw the beat of this winter. More snow, more cold, more sickness, more death." (M.W.)
12. "My nephew, I introduce to you a lady of strong force of character, like myself; a resolved lady, a stern lady, a lady who has a will that can break the weak to powder: a lady without pity, without love, implacable..." (D.)
13. "I designed them for each other; they were made for each other, sent into the world for each other, born for each other, Winkle", said Mr. Ben Allen. (D.)
14. I don't attach any value to money. I don't care about it, I don't know about it, I don't want it, I don't keep it – it goes away from me directly. (D.)
II. State the nature of the increasing entities in the following examples of quantitative climax.
1. "You have heard of Jefferson Brick I see, Sir," quoth the Colonel with a smile. "England has heard of Jefferson Brick. Europe has heard of Jefferson Brick..." (D.)
2. R: "I never told you about that letter Jane Crofut got from her minister when she was sick. He wrote Jane a letter and on the envelope the address was like this. It said: Jane Crofut; The Crofut Farm; Grover's Corners; 88 Sutton County; New Hampshire; United States of America."
G: "What's funny about it?"
R: "But listen, it's not finished: the United States of America; Continent of North America; Western Hemisphere; the Earth; the Solar System; the Universe; the Mind of God – that's what it said on the envelope." (Th.W.)
3. How many sympathetic souls can you reckon on in the world? One in ten – one in a hundred – one in a thousand – in ten thousand? Ah! (J. C)
4. You know – after so many kisses and promises, the lie given to her dreams, her words... the lie given to kisses – hours, days, weeks, months of unspeakable bliss... (Dr.)
III. Classify the following examples of emotive climax according to their structure and the number of the components.
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1. Of course it's important. Incredibly, urgently, desperately important. (D. S.)
2. "I have been so unhappy here, dear brother," sobbed poor Kate; "so very, very miserable." (D.)
3. The mother was a rather remarkable woman, quite remarkable in her way. (W.D.)
4. That's a nice girl; that's a very nice girl; a promising girl! (D.)
5. She felt better, immensely better, standing beside this big old man. (W. D.)
6. He who only five months before had sought her so eagerly with his eyes and intriguing smile. The liar! The brute! The monster! (Dr.)
7. I am a bad man, a wicked man, but she is worse. She is really bad. She is bad, she is badness. She is Evil. She not only is evil, but she is Evil. (J. O'H.)
8. "An unprincipled adventurer – a dishonourable character – a man who preys upon society, and makes easily-deceived people his dupes, sir, his absurd, his foolish, his wretched dupes, sir," said the excited Mr. P. (D.)
9. "I abhor the subject. It is an odious subject, an offensive subject, a subject that makes me sick." (D.)
10. "I'll smash you, I'll crumble you, I'll powder you. Go to the devil!" (D.)
11. "Upon my word and honour, upon my life, upon my soul, Miss Summerson, as I am a living man, I'll act according to your wish!" (D.)
12....to them boys she is a mother. But she is more than a mother to them, ten times more. (D.)
13. Mr. Tulkinghorn should have communicated to him nothing of this painful, this distressing, this unlooked-for, this overwhelming, this incredible intelligence. (D.)
Back-gradation
1. Comment on the influence of the negative particle upon the structure back-gradation, and the meaning of its components.
1. No tree, no shrub, no blade of grass, not a bird or beast, not even a fish that was not owned! (G.)
2. "Not a word, Sam—not a syllable!" (D.)
3. Not a word, not a look, not a glance, did he bestow upon his heart's pride of the evening before. (D.)
4. "Fledgeby has not heard of anything." "No, there's not a word of news," says Lammle. "Not a particle," adds Boots. "Not an atom," chimes in Brewer. (D.)
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5. "Be careful," said Mr. Jingle – "not a look." "Not a wink," said Mr. Tupman.
"Not a syllable. – Not a whisper." (D.)
Anticlimax
I. Speak on the modes of organization of anticlimax. Pay attention to punctuation.
1. "In moments of utter crises my nerves act in the most extraordinary way. When utter disaster seems imminent, my whole being is simultaneously braced to avoid it. I size up the situation in a flash, set my teeth, contract my muscles, take a firm grip of myself, and without a tremor, always do the wrong thing." (B. Sh.)
2. This was appalling—and soon forgotten. (G.)
3. Secretly, after nightfall, he visited the home of the Prime Minister. He examined it from top to bottom. He measured all the doors and windows. He took up the flooring. He inspected the plumbing. He examined the furniture. He found nothing. (L.)
4. Women have a wonderful instinct about things. They can discover everything—except the obvious. (O. W.)
5....they were absolutely quiet; eating no apples, cutting no names, inflicting no pinches, and making no grimaces, for full two minutes afterwards. (D.)
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