Ellipsis and One-Member Sentences
I. Discuss the nature of the following elliptical and one-member sentences.
1. Fast asleep – no passion in the face, no avarice, no anxiety, no wild desire; all gentle, tranquil, and at peace. (D.)
2. Pain and discomfort – that was all the future held. And meanwhile ugliness, sickness, fatigue. (A. H.)
3. A poor boy... No father, no mother, no any one. (D.)
4. I'm afraid you think I'm conservative. I am. So much to conserve. All this treasure of American ideals. Sturdiness and democracy and opportunity. Maybe not at Palm Beach. But, thank heaven, we're free from such social distinctions in Gopher Prairie. (S. L.)
5. Not that I give a hoot about jewelry. Diamonds, yes. But it's tacky to wear diamonds before you're forty; and even that's risky. They only look right on the really old girls. Maria Ouspenskaya. Wrinkles and bones, white hair and diamonds. (Т. С.)
6. Inspector Badgworthy in his office. Time, 8.30 a.m. A tall portly man, Inspector Badgworthy, with a heavy regulation tread. Inclined to breathe hard in moments of professional strain. In attendance Constable Johnson, very new to the Force, with a downy unfledged look about him, like a human chicken. (Ch.)
7. We have never been readers in our family. It don't pay. Stuff. Idleness. Folly. No, no! (D.)
8. A black February day. Clouds hewn of ponderous timber weighing down on the earth; an irresolute dropping of snow specks upon the trampled wastes. Gloom but no veiling of angularity. The lines of roofs and sidewalks sharp and inescapable.
The second day of Kennicott's absence... (S. L.)
9. A dark gentleman... A very bad manner. In the last degree constrained, reserved, diffident, troubled. (D.)
10. "What sort of a place is Dufton exactly?"
"A lot of mills. And a chemical factory. And a Grammar school and a memorial and a river that runs different colours each day. And a cinema and fourteen pubs. That's really all one can say about it." (J. Br.)
11. "Them big-assed folks is dumb!" Emphatic judgement.
"Dumb ain't no word for 'em! They just like us, but they too damned mean to admit it!" Hilarious agreement.
"They scared to death of us. They know if they give us half a chance, we'd beat 'em!" Uttered with sage confidence...
"Fish, you so quiet and wise." A memorized smile.
"I didn't want to mess up my plans with no trouble with white folks." A spontaneous lie...
"Gee, Fish, you lucky." Crooned admiration.
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"Aw, that's nothing." Hinting at undisclosed marvels. (Wr.)
II. State the functions of the following ellipses. Indicate most frequently omitted members of the sentence.
1. And if his feelings about the war got known, he'd be nicely in the soup. Arrested, perhaps – got rid of, somehow. (A.)
2. What happiness was ours that day, what joy, what rest, what hope, what gratitude, what bliss! (D.)
3. "I have noticed something about it in the papers. Heard you mention it once or twice, now I come to think of it." (B. Sh.)
4. "Very windy, isn't it?" said Strachan, when the silence had lasted some time.
"Very," said Wimsey.
"But it's not raining," pursued Strachan.
"Not yet," said Wimsey.
"Better than yesterday," said Strachan...
"Tons better. Really you know, you'd think they'd turned on the water-works yesterday on purpose to spoil my sketching party."
"Oh, well," said Strachan.
"How long have you been on that?"
"About an hour," said Strachan. (D. S.)
5. "Where mama?"
"She home," his father breathed. (Wr.)
6. "She one of you family or something?"
"Who, the one downstairs? No, she's called Mrs. Davies." (K.A.)
Asyndeton
I. Analyse the following cases of asyndeton, indicating their functions and paying attention to the quality of units, connected asyndetically.
1. The pulsating motion of Malay Camp at night was everywhere. People sang. People cried. People fought. People loved. People hated. Others were sad. Others gay. Others with friends. Others lonely. Some died. Some were born. (P. A.)
2. The mail coach doors were on their hinges, the lining was replaced, the iron-work was as good as new, the paint was restored, the lamps were alight; cushions and great coats were on every coach box, porters were thrusting parcels into every boot, guards were stowing away letter bags, hostlers were dashing pails of water against the renovated wheels; numbers of men were rushing about, portmanteaus were handed up, horses were put to, and in short it was perfectly clear that every mail there was to be off directly. (D.)
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3. "Well, guess it's about time to turn in."
He yawned, went out to look at the thermometer, slammed the door, patted her head, unbuttoned his waistcoat, yawned, wound the clock, went to look at the furnace, yawned, and clumped upstairs to bed, casually scratching his thick woolen undershirt. (S. L.)
4. Through his brain, slowly, sifted the things they had done together. Walking together. Dancing together. Sitting silent together. Watching people together. (P. A.)
5. With these hurried words, Mr. Bob Sawyer pushed the postboy on one side, jerked his friend into the vehicle, slammed the door, put up the steps, wafered the bill on the street-door, locked it, put the key in his pocket, jumped into the dickey, gave the word for starting… (D.)
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