To answer the question in favour of smb else
The seller's viewpoint
the cafe owner
The rent
To switch to luxury lunches
Rich executives
Behind the counter
Suitable
To suit
part-time job (ant.full-time job)
a bit of money (ant.scads of money)
It would hardly be worth working at all
conversely (syn.on the opposite, on the contrary)
Unskilled job
To guide one's decision
Through the price system
To cover the cost
To run the cafe
To devote resources
To guide resources into hamburger production
cattle
to contract a disease
Thereby
To reduce the economy's ability
Competition
To purchase scarce supplies
To reallocate resources
To reflect the scarcity
to be involved in
The local labour market
The local wholesale market
The local market for rented buildings
Precise descriptions of markets
To adopt a definition
To adopt a child in a family
to emphasize
Arrangements through, which prices influence smth.
Assignments
I. Suggest the Russian equivalents
a single living entity with a single conscious mind; a shorthand expression;
to be reconciled by adjustment of smth; a suitable part-time job; to offer high wages; to guide smb's decision; to cover the cost of smth
II. Replace the parts initalics by synonyms
at a distance, of the neighbourhood, carried out, done; ask for, make certain that; buy, illness, managing, put up; rareness
III. Increase your vocabulary
Using words from paragraph 5 ("Much of economics ..."), complete the following statements:
1. I quite like lamb but really I __ beef.
2. He was a very keen student. He __ most of the time to his studies.
3. I don't like the canteen, but it's more __ than going out to a cafe.
4. I'm not in __of long and expensive lunches.
5. Please __that your essays reach me on time.
6. A good degree should __ you to get a job.
IV. Fill in the gaps with the -words and expressions from the text
1. To understand reports of market behaviour you have to __ the way the market works.
2. On the stock market, business can be transacted over the telephone, almost by __.
3. A market is a __ expression for the process by which households' decisions about consumption of alternative goods, firms' decisions about what and how to produce, and workers' decisions about how much and for whom to work are all __ by __.
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4. Much of economics is devoted to the study of how markets and prices __ society to solve the problems.
5. __ your desire to eat, and your limited resources, the low hamburger price told you that this was a good way to __ your appetite.
6. Society answers the "for whom" question about lunchtime steaks __ someone else.
7. The cafe owner is in business because it is still possible to sell hamburgers __.
8. If rents were higher, it might be more profitable to sell hamburgers in a cheaper area or __ to __ lunches.
9. The student is working there because it is a suitable __, which pays a bit of money.
10. Society is allocating resources into hamburger production __ the price system.
11. If nobody liked hamburgers, the owner could not sell enough at a price that __ of running the cafe and society would __ no resources to hamburger production.
12. If cattle __, competition to purchase more scarce supplies of beef would __ the price of beef.
13. Adjustments in prices would encourage society __ resources to reflect the increased scarcity of cattle.
14. There were several markets __ your purchase of a hamburger.
15. The student behind the counter was part of the local __ market.
16. The cafe owner was part of the local __ meat market and the local market for __ buildings.
17.We __ a very general definition of markets, which emphasizes that they are __ through, which prices influence the allocation of scarce resources.
V. Check your grammar
verb + infinitive (want to do)
verb + ing (enjoy playing)
verb + infinitive or ing (the meaning sometimes changes):
He remembered (=did not forget) to book a table. I remember (=recall) seeing that film 5 years ago.
Open the brackets:
1. He suggested (go) into the country on Sunday.
2. I'm sorry I forgot (return) your book yesterday.
3. Stop (make) that noise! I can't work!
4. Which definition would you use (describe) markets?
5. You must avoid (make) unnecessary mistakes.
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6. Try (understand) the difference between microeconomics and macroeconomics.
7. Try (pay) more attention to what I say.
8. Would you mind (lend) me your notes?
9. Tomorrow I intend (discuss) the matter with you.
10. Serious illness prevented him from (take) the exam.
11. I am looking forward to (study) economics.
VII. Explain in English
rent; profit; expense account; part-time job; labour market; wholesale (meat) market
VIII. Answer the questions
1. What example is given of a market where sellers and buyers actually meet?
2. How are households' decisions on what to buy reconciled?
3. Why do prices adjust?
4. What problems do markets and prices solve for society?
5. Why is the cafe owner in business?
6. Why don't cafe owners have to pay high wages?
7. What makes society put resources into hamburger production?
8. What would consumers do if hamburger prices rose?
9. How many markets are you involved in if you buy a hamburger? What are those markets?
10. Enumerate all the components comprising the concept of "Market".
11. What does the term "resources" comprise?
12. In what way can prices guide your decision to buy some goods?
13. In what way can prices guide a person's decision to take a job?
UNIT 3
ENGINEERING JOBS
Lead-in
What does the word “engineering” mean?
What types of engineering jobs do you know?
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