Materials for auditory self-work. List of study practical tasks necessary to perform at the practical class.
List of study practical tasks necessary to perform at the practical class.
Materials and methods: bed.
Investigation object: human being.
Task 1. To investigate movement co-ordination
Romberg’s pose - the investigated person is proposed to move his feet together, to rise his head, to put his hands alongside his trunk. To determine whether his pose is stable. Complicated Romberg’s pose: the doctor proposes to the investigated person to stretch his hands forward horizontally. Initially his eyes must be opened, than closed. Cerebellum functions disorders are accompanied by unstable pose (falling forward is observed at vermis anterior parts injuries; ahead - at vermis caudal parts disorders).
Walking - the investigated person must go on right line with his opened eyes, then with closed ones. At good performing these tests the investigated person is proposed to go on right line such that sock of one foot was touched to the heel of the other one.
Phalanx walking - step movements towards; the investigator put his attention to the step clearance and to the possibility of fast stoppage at sudden order (at injury one can see ataxic walking: legs are significantly extensed and putted forward).
Task 2. Asynergy investigation
Babynsky probe - the investigated person lies on solid bed, he is asked to cross his hands on his thorax and to stand up (legs are rised without legs in people with cerebellum injury).
Ozhehovsky probe - the investigated person while his standing is strongly leant on doctor’s palm. At sudden taking doctor’s hands away the investigated person must be on his place, must be unmoved or turned ahead (in sick person this probe leads to the turning his trunk forward).
Stuart-Holms’s probe - upper extremities proximal parts asynergy is checking. The hand putted till horizontal state investigated person must strongly bend in crural joint (antebrachium and hand in pronation state, hand is in fist). Doctor tries to straighten the investigated person antebrachium out and at sudden resistance stoppage the investigated person hand mustn’t beat himself in his thorax. For the control the investigator’s second hand must be putted to the place of allowed beat. In a healthy person muscles-antagonists are involved quickly and the beat is prevented.
|
|
|
Task 3. Dynamic ataxy investigation
Finger-nose probe- investigated person while his standing with closed eyes must touch nose ending by his index finger. To pay the attention to finger movement trajectory (locomotory ataxy existance) and putting to mentioned place (dysmetry existance), finger’s tremor.
Heel-knee probe- the investigated person while sitting at the chair must touch by heel of one foot the knee of another one and to draw by it through tibia down. To mention locomotor ataxy absence or presence and dysmetry from lower extremities.
Probe to adiadochokinesis- investigated person while his sitting must at the same time (simultaneously) by two hands stretched forward to perform pronation and supination. At disturbance of movement sinchronism and equality one can determine adiadochokinesis on the side where the extremity is retarded.
Probe to the movement proportionality - the investigated person must stretch his hands forward by his palms up, the fingers are diverged. At order to turn hands by their palms down. At cerebellum injury side one can determine excessive rotation - dysmetry.
Task 4. To put the attention to:
a) At cerebellum injury speech is slowed, speech fluency, explosed, scanding- accents are not on necessary syllable.
b) The writing in sick people is large, uneven, the person hasn’t draw the circle.
c) There is rhythmic eyeballs fluctuation at sight towards and up - nistagm.
1. Literature recommended:
1. Lecture course.
2. Mistchenko V.P., Tkachenko E.V. Methodical instructions for medical students (short lecture course).-Poltava, 2005.-P. 16-18.
3. Mistchenko V.P., Tkachenko E.V. Methodical instructions on Normal Physiology on practical classes for dental and medical students.-Poltava, 2005.-P.50-52.
4. Ganong W.F. Review of Medical Physiology.-21st ed.-2003.-Section II.
5. Kapit W., Macey R.I., Meisami E. The Physiology Colouring Book: Harpers Collins Publishers, 1987.-P. 101, 102.
6. Guyton – Ganong – Chatterjee. Concise Physiology /Ed. By Dr Raja Shahzad Gull: M.B.B.S., F.C.P.S., King Edward Medical College.-Lahore, 1998 (1st Edition).-P.301-305, 309-313.
|
|
|
7. Guyton A.C. Textbook of Medical Physiology.-NY, 1992.-P.636-650, 676-683.
1. Materials for self-control:
A. Control questions:
1. Cerebellum connections with other CNS parts.
2. Cerebellum irritation and removal effects.
3. Cerebellum influence on organism vegetative functions.
4. Cerebellum influence on motor acts.
5. Clinical expressions occurring at cerebellum injury, their physiological mechanisms.
6. Intermediate brain physiology: thalamus, hypothalamus and epithalamus.
7. Basal ganglia physiology.
LESSON 16
Practical experiences management on content credit 4: “CNS role in motor functions regulation”
1. To draw schematically development of excitement and co-ordination processes in CNS.
2. To draw reflectory arcs of reflexes located at different CNS floors.
3. To draw schemes of conductory ways providing interconnection of different CNS levels.
4. To explain mechanisms of organism systemic activity at locomotions performance, brain and limbic system role in these processes.
CONTENT MODULE 5: “AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM ROLE IN VISCERAL FUNCTIONS REGULATION”
LESSON 17
Autonomic nervous system structural-functional organization, its role in visceral functions regulation. Autonomic reflexes structural distinguishing features. Autonomical nervous system integrative centers
The topic studied actuality.
Neurologists examine vegetative nervous system functions by vascular tone, cardiac activity, endocrine glands secretory activity, thermoregulation, metabolism regulation, eye smooth muscles investigation.
Vegetative-vascular dystony is met in every second-third person.
Dentists can get in touch with such vegetative innervation disorders expressions as changing the salivary glands secretion, swallowing, food gustatory features assessment as well as oral cavity noceoceptive, tactile and temperature sensitivity.
2. Study aims:
To know: autonomic nervous system physiological role; vegetative reflexes arcs structure peculiarities; excitement conductance mechanisms in excitable synapses and their blockade principles; sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems influencings on inner organs functions; different CNS floors role in organism vegetative functions regulation.
|
|
|
To be able to: draw vegetative reflexes arcs; investigate vegetative reflexes; analyze organism functions chanings at parasympathetic and sympathetic part activation and inhibiting.
1. Pre-auditory self-work materials.
3.1.Basic knowledge, skills, experiences, necessary for study the topic:
| Histology | Vegetative nervous system (fibers, ganglia) histological peculiarities | Recognize vegetative ganglion preparation |
| Anatomy | Morphology of autonomic nervous system; vegetative reflexes arc | Draw autonomic nervous system elements location |
| Biochemistry | Vegetative mediators biochemical action mechanism to human body | |
| Neurology | Autonomic nervous system morphology, physiology, influence on different organism systems and organs, representation about vegetative center tone | Analyze vegetative nervous system pathology signs while its action at different organs (for example, vegetative-vascular dystony) |
| Dentistry | Vegetative nervous system influence on oral cavity organs |
Topic content.
Дата добавления: 2018-02-15; просмотров: 1182; Мы поможем в написании вашей работы! |
Мы поможем в написании ваших работ!