R ead and translate the text and use it in your own speech:
The United States of America
The USA is the name of the country composed of 50 states joined in a federal republic. It is one of the world’s largest countries (after Russia, Canada and China). It occupies the area over 9 mln square km and has a population of about 260 mln people. Representatives of different nationalities live there. English is the official language of the country.
The flag of the USA has 13 red and white stripes-representing the original 13 states – and 50 stars – for each of the 50 states of the country in our days. The capital of the country is Washington, named after the first president of the USA. The other largest cities are New York, Chicago, San Francisco, Philadelphia, Los Angeles.
The USA is a highly developed industrial country. Among the most important manufacturing industries are aircraft, computer techniques – hardware and software, cars, television sets, furniture. Electronic and electric engineering, transport, communication can be found almost in all large cities of the USA.
The United States is a democracy. It means that the Constitution, laws and traditions of the USA give the people the right to decide who will be the leader of the nation, who will make the laws and what the laws will be. The Constitution guarantees individual freedom to all.
Language work:
1) Read the sentences and report what someone says using the necessary reporting verb: order, advise, encourage, remind, persuade, promise, apologize, refuse, deny, admit.
1. ‘It’s really a very good job for you. a) They offered her a very good job.
Will you accept it?’
2. ‘We’ll fix your computer in two days.’ b) They … to fix my computer in two days.
3. ‘I’ll do it by all means.’ c) She … to do it by all means.
4. ‘I’m sorry. I’ve been rude to you.’ d) She … … … to me.
5. ‘I think you ought to go to the doctor.’ e) She … me to go to the doctor.
6. ‘You shouldn’t be afraid to speak English.’ f) She … me to speak English.
7. ‘If you work hard, you will be a success.’ g) She … to work hard.
8. ‘I won’t pay anymore.’ h) She … to pay me anymore.
9. ‘I will give you the sum of money.’ i) He … to give me the money.
10. ‘I didn’t steal the money.’ j) He … … the money.
11. ‘I think I’m wrong.’ k) He … … wrong.
12. ‘Your warranty is out of date. We can’t l) They … to repair it free.
Repair it free.’
Lesson 15
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1. Read and translate the text into Ukrainian:
Computers in Business, Industry and Agriculture
Computers have revolutionized the business world. As the cost of computer technology has decreased, more and more businesses have ‘gone computer’. Computers are no longer limited to factories, banks, and big corporations. Small companies, retail stores, law firms, employment agencies, supermarkets, and even many farms now use computers. In fact, according to a recent study, now four out of every five workers use a computer as part of their job.
Computers in the office.
In large and small offices alike secretaries use word-processing to write letters and reports. Managers switch on their desktop computer to help them prepare spreadsheets and graphic displays. Accountants and bookkeepers use computer power to help them manage company finances.
Computer systems are used to manage company records, to send electronic mail, and to tie into data banks. Electronic networks link computer users who are located in the same building or across the country.
Computers serve a broad range of manufacturing purposes. For example, if you were a supervisor in a large factory, you might have a computerized control system to help you keep track of continuously running machinery.
Computers are also used to monitor the temperature and pressure of production processes. For example, in a chemical plant or power-generating station, computers may be connected to regulating devices. If the temperature or pressure rises or falls too much, the computer instantly signals the regulating device. The device then makes the needed adjustment-automatically.
2. Translate the following words and word combinations into Ukrainian:
Revolutionize; computer technology; computers are no longer limited; according to a recent study; desktop computer; prepare spreadsheets; graphic displays; manage company records; electronic networks; control system.
3. Find out which form-Present Continuous or Present Simple are correct in the following sentences:
1. I (bear) in Chicago. Where (you, bear)? 2. The police (give) the information after the accident (happen). 3. I (offer) the job but I refused it. 4. The men (pay) 1.000 to do the work. 5. Mrs. Johnson is very proud of her new grandson who (bear) last week. 6. My family live in Scotland but I (educate) in France. 7. The bridge (destroy) during the flood.
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4. Translate into English:
1. Ти можеш мені допомогти з французьким перекладом? – Звичайно, я допоможу тобі. 2. Ти хочеш піти зі мною за покупками, я йду до торгового центру. 3. – Ким ти хочеш стати, коли виростеш? – Космонавтом. 4. – Хто хоче стерти з дошки? – Я зроблю це. 5. Подивись на ці чорні хмари. Буде дощ. 6. Мабуть, Том прийде о шостій вечора. 7. Я гадаю, Енн сподобається подарунок, який ми їй купили.
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