Answer the following questions.
1. What organs does the female reproductive system consist of?
2. What do we need the ovaries for?
3. What hormones do the ovaries produce?
4. What's happened with the female reproductive system during each menstrual cycle?
5. When does ovulation occur?
6. How long does an egg survive after being released by an ovary?
7. Where in a woman's body does fertilization usually occur?
8. What is the role of the endometrium?
9. What is menopause? When does it occur?
Find in the text definitions of anatomical terms denoting the female reproductive system.
Say whether the following sentences are true or false.
1. The female reproductive system consists primarily of a group of organs located within the thoracic cavity.
2. The uterus is a hollow, muscular organ in which a baby develops.
3. Ovaries lie to the right of the uterus.
4. Ovaries produce eggs as part of a monthly process called the menstrual cycle.
5. Menstruation marks the end of each menstrual cycle.
6. At birth, each ovary has about 5.000 oocytes.
7. Most women produce eggs until the ages of about 70.
8. The completion of menopause marks the end of woman's natural childbearing years.
Text 2
1. Read and translate the text.
THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
In males, the reproductive system includes the testicles, a duct system, accessory glands, and the penis. The testicles, also called testes, are the organs that produce sperm. The duct system, which includes the epididymis and the vas deferens, transports the sperm. The accessory glands, mainly the seminal vesicles and the prostate gland, provide fluids that lubricate the duct system and nourish the sperm. The sperm leave the body through the penis, a cylindrical organ that is located between the legs.
The testicles are contained in the scrotum, a pouch behind the penis. The location of the scrotum keeps the testicles about 2.2 to 2.8 Celsius degrees cooler than the normal body temperature of 37.0°C. Unlike other cells of the body, sperm cells cannot develop properly at normal body temperature. In addition to producing sperm, the testicles also produce hormones, particularly testosterone.
Sperm develops in the testicles within a complex system of tubes called seminiferous tubules. At birth, a male baby's tubules contain only simple round cells. But during puberty, the testicles begin to produce testosterone and other hormones that make the round cells divide, and undergo changes to become slender cells with a tail. A sperm cell uses its tail, called a flagellum, to propel itself forward. Sperm passes from the testicles into the epididymis and complete their development there in about 12 days.
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A healthy adult male normally produces about 200 million sperm per day. Although sperm production begins to decline gradually at about 45 years of age, it normally continues throughout life.
From the epididymis, sperm moves to the vas deferens, a long tube that stores the sperm. The seminal vesicles and prostate, gland produce a whitish fluid called seminal fluid. This fluid mixes with sperm from the vas deferens to form semen. The vas deferens leads to the urethra, a tube that runs through the penis. Semen, which contains the sperm, is expelled from the body through the urethra. This process is called ejaculation.
Answer the following questions.
1. What does the male reproductive system consist of?
2. What are the organs that produce sperm?
3. What system transports the sperm?
4. What are the accessory glands?
5. Where are the testicles contained?
6. How many sperm does a healthy adult male normally produce per day?
7. Semen, which contains the sperm, is expelled from the body through the urethra, isn't it?
8. How do we call this process?
3. Read the text closely and complete the sentences.
1. The organs that produce sperm are ... .
2. The sperm leaves the body through the ... .
3. The testicles are contained in the ... .
4.In addition to producing sperm, the testicles also produce hormones, particularly ....
5. Sperm develops in the testicles within a complex system of tubes called ....
6. Sperm production normally continues throughout....
7. The seminal vesicles and prostate gland produce a whitish fluid called ....
8. A tube that runs through the penis is called ....
9. The process of expelling sperm from the body is called ....
XIII тема: Лікарські засоби при певних видах захворювань.
XIII тема: Лікарські засоби при певних видах захворювань
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Cardiovascular disease .
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