VIII . Виконайте вправу за зразком. Перекладіть речення українською мовою.
Зразок: In future the problem of unemployment (to settle). In future the problem of unemployment will be settled. У майбутньому проблема безробіття буде вирішена.
1. People (to give) more time to enjoy themselves. 2. Much work (to perform) by machines. 3. Many teachers (to replace) by computers. 4. New sources of energy (to found) by scientists. 5. The energy (to use) more efficiently by people. 6. The problem of feeding people (to improve).7. All the nuclear weapon (to destroy). 8. Many ecological problems (to solve). 9. Life expectancy (to increase). 10. The cure for cancer (to find).
I X . Утворіть питальні та заперечні форми за зразком.
Зразок:This bank was founded 2 years ago (твердження).
Was this bank founded 2 years ago? (загальне питання).
When was this bank founded? (спеціальне питання).
This bank was not founded 2 years ago (заперечення).
1. Alaska is separated from the USA by Canada.
2. The exhibition of plants will be closed tomorrow.
3. The Statue of Liberty in New York was built in 1886.
4. English is spoken in the USA, India, Australia and many other countries.
5. America was discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1492.
6. A new part of the world was called after Amerigo Vespucci.
7. Alaska was bought by the USA from Russia in 1867.
8. The first national park Yellowstone was established in 1872.
9. The first U.S. zoo was opened in Philadelphia in 1874.
10. Manufacturing of blue jeans was started by Levis Strauss in 1850.
X . Спростуйте твердження або дайте згоду на них.
Зразок 1: A.: Sheep farming is not practised in Britain nowadays.
Do you agree with me?
B.: No, that’s wrong. Sheep farming is practised in Britain nowadays.
Зразок 2: A.: Farmers grow crops and keep animals on mixed farms.
Do you agree with me?
B.: Yes, you are (quite) right.
Farmers really grow crops and keep animals on mixed farms.
1. Farmers keep pigs on dairy farms.
2. Farmers with hilly lands grow wheat and barley.
3. The kind of farming depends on climate, slope, soil and altitude.
4. Arable lands don`t provide wheat, barley and other crops.
5. Much of livestock is kept on pasturelands of the West.
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XI. Перекладіть речення англійською мовою.
1. На фермах з родючим ґрунтом вирощуються різні сільськогосподарські культури.
2. Змішані ферми – це ферми з орними землями для вирощування сільгоспкультур та пасовищами для випасу худоби.
3. Інтенсивне господарство– це господарство, де вирощуються лише одна або дві спеціальні культури.
4. Багато худоби утримується на пасовиськах у західному регіоні Британії.
5. Хміль використовують у виробництві пива.
6. Тип господарства залежить від клімату, рельєфу поверхні, грунту та ін.
7. Проблема механізації ферми буде вирішена в наступному році.
8. Ця робота буде завершена наступного тижня.
9. Ця ферма була побудована 10 років тому.
10. Група тісно пов’язаних видів називається рід.
XII. Перекажіть текст.
KINDS OF FARMING IN GREAT BRITAIN
The main kinds of farming practised in Britain are hill-sheep farming, stockrearing, dairying, mixed, intensive, and arable farming.
Each farmer chooses the kind of farming which is best suited to his own land.
Many farmers with rich, flat land have arable farms which grow crops. Farmers whose land is suitable often keep milking cows on their dairy farms. Some farmers with hilly land keep sheep and others specialize in pigs or poultry. And some farmers grow crops and keep animals as well; their farms are called mixed farms.
The kind of farming depends on many things: on climate, slope, soil and altitude.
There are many pigs, poultry and dairy cows on the farms below Downs. This region has many mixed farms, with some arable land for growing crops and some grassland for grazing cattle.
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At Wortthing, we see small farms which consist almost entirely of glasshouses, in which there are cucumbers and tomatoes. This is an example of intensive farming, where only one or two special crops are grown.
Much of livestock is kept on pasturelands of the West.
UNIT 15.
LIVESTOCK REARING IN GREAT BRITAIN
Повторіть слова за диктором.
| 1. amount n | [q'maunt] | сума, кількість |
| 2. belly n | ['belI] | живіт, черево |
| 3. bovine а | ['bquvaIn] | бичачий |
| 4. bull n | [bHl] | бик, самець (слона, кита і т.д.) |
| 5. butter-fat | ['bAtq] | молочний жир |
| 6. calf (pl. calves) n | [kRf] | теля |
| 7. colt n | [kqult] | молодий кінь |
| 8. contain v | [kqn'teIn] | містити (в собі) |
| 9. creamy a | ['krJmI] | жирний |
| 10. crossing n | ['krOsIN] | схрещування |
| 11. drag v | [drxg] | волочити, тягти |
| 12. elephant n | ['elqfqnt] | слон |
| 13. equine a | ['ekwaIn] | кінський, конячий |
| 14. fat n | [fxt] | жир |
| 15. foal n | [fqul] | лоша, стригун |
| 16. foot (pl.feet) n | [fHt],[fJt] | фут |
| 17. giant a,n | ['GaIqnt] | гігантський; гігант |
| 18. heifer n | ['hefq] | телиця, нетель, ялівка, первістка |
| 19. height n | [haIt] | висота |
| 20. herd n | [hWd] | стадо |
| 21. horn n | [hLn] | ріг |
| 22. length n | [leNT] | довжина |
| 23. male a,n | [meIl] | чоловічого роду, самець |
| 24. mature a | [mq'tjuq] | зрілий, дорослий |
| 25. moose n | [mHs] | самка лося, американський лось |
| 26. on record a | ['On'rekLd] | зареєстрований |
| 27. polled a | [pOld] | комолий, безрогий |
| 28. quantity n | ['kwOntItI] | кількість |
| 29. quarter a | ['kwLtq] | чверть, квартал, біг на чверть милі |
| 30. ram n | [rxm] | баран |
| 31. rear v | [rIq] | розводити, вирощувати |
| 32. record v | [rI'kLd] | записувати, реєструвати |
| 33. shoulder n | ['Squldq] | плече, лопатка |
| 34. stallion n | ['stxljqn] | жеребець |
| 35. udder(s) n | ['Adq(z)] | вим’я |
| 36. upland(s) a,n | ['Aplxnd(z)] | гористий; нагірна частина країни |
| 37. vegetarian n | ["vegq'terIqn] | вегетаріанець |
| 38. weigh v | [weI] | важити, мати вагу |
Прочитайте текст та перекладіть його українською мовою.
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LIVESTOCK REARING IN GREAT BRITAIN
There are many different breeds of beef cattle. For its size, the Aberdeen Angus produces the greatest amount of meat. It is reared in the north-east of Scotland. Like the Galloway, which comes from the southern uplands of Scotland, it is a polled animal, that is, one without horns. Another important breed is the white-faced Hereford, bred on hill farms along the Welsh border. In the last ten years many new breeds of cattle have been introduced onto British farms.
Most dairy farms are found in Lancashire, West Yorkshire, south-west Scotland, but the dairy herd is also kept on many mixed farms in other parts of the country. The largest quantity of milk is given by the Friesians, but their milk contains the least amount of butter-fat, from which butter is made. The creamiest milk comes from the smaller, Channel Island cows, the Jersey and the Guernsey.
Some cows live for twelve or thirteen years and have as many as ten calves, but most live less than half that time and produce only two or three calves. Heifers are young cows which have not yet produced milk. A heifer starts to give milk as it has its first calf at the age of eighteen to twenty months, and it will go on doing so for nine or ten months. The heifer is called a cow only when it has its second calf. After the second calf is born the mother will give milk for another nine months.
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Although there are more than a dozen different breeds of pigs, the two most popular in this country are the Landrace and the Large White. A new British Saddleback breed was formed by crossing the Essex and Wessex Saddlebacks .
Sheep still play the most important part in the farming, and there are large quantity of sheep in Britain. Sheep farms are the largest in the country.
Вправи
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