Прочитайте текст та перекладіть його українською мовою .
FARM ANIMALS
Farm animals belong to the large group of animals known as vertebrates, or animals with a backbone. Fishes, birds and mammals all have a backbone and are vertebrates. But most of the ordinary farm animals with the exception of poultry belong to the class of mammals, that is animals which suckle their young.
Some of the farm animals, such as cattle and sheep, ruminate, while others do not. In ruminants the stomach is not simple, as in the pig, but consists of four parts.
Farm animals serve man by furnishing him food, clothing and supplying many other necessary products and services. Some parts of animal bodies, such as skins, wool, furs, feather, bones, are valuable raw materials for various industries. The meat we eat is furnished largely by cattle, sheep, swine and poultry (fowls, geese, ducks, turkeys etc.). We get honey from bees. Much of our clothing is made of wool from sheep.
Horses, mules and oxen have been used by man for many kinds of work, although much of the work formally done by farm animals is now performed by tractors, lorries and other machinery.
Дайте відповіді на запитання .
1. What group of animals do we call vertebrates?
2. What ruminant animals do you know?
3. What can you tell about the stomach in ruminants?
4. How do farm animals serve man?
5. What is the meat we eat furnished by?
6. What for horses, mules and oxen have been used by man?
Вправи
I . Знайдіть зайве слово .
1. horses, mules, oxen, pigs, sheep, tractors, cattle
2. geese, ducks, swine, turkeys, fowls
3. fat, butter, honey, horns, milk, sour-cream, meat
4. goats, sheep, cattle, fowls.
II . Знайдіть спільне слово .
1. bones, feather, furs, skins, wool, products, meat, milk
2. fishes, mammals, vertebrates, birds, reptiles
3. animals, buffalo, kangaroo, rabbit, nutria, mink
4. stomach, skin, heart, horn, hair, parts of a body, head, wool.
III . Перекладіть речення українською мовою .
1. Mammals are animals that produce milk for their young.
2. Clothing is often made of animal products.
3. The backbone consists of bones, which are joined together along the back.
4. Skins, wool, fur, feather, bones and other parts of animal bodies are valuable raw materials for various industries.
5. Animals cannot live without food.
6. The stomach of ruminants is not simple, as in the pig.
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7. Last year the farm began to raise turkeys.
8. Vertebrates are much better known, but are much fewer in number than invertebrates.
IV . Складіть речення та перекладіть їх .
1. Meat and eggs a) is not simple
2. The stomach of ruminants b) may hold as much as 8 litres
3. The stomach of a large pig c) are high-protein food
4. Domestic fowls are kept d) begins to suckle its mother
5. Everybody knows that animals e) on farms in special poultry houses
6. The newly born mammal f) play a big part in man’s life
V . Погодьтеся з твердженнями або спростуйте їх .
Зразок A:. Mammals are the animals which suckle their young. Do you agree with me?
Yes, you are quite right. Mammals are the animals which suckle their young.
Зразок B: Farm animals belong to the group of invertebrates. Am I right?
No, you are wrong. Most farm animals belong to the group of vertebrates.
1. Cattle and sheep ruminate.
2. In ruminants the stomach is simple.
3. The eggs we eat are furnished largely by chickens.
4. Much of our clothing is made of feather from fowls.
5. Much of the work is now performed by tractors, lorries and other machinery.
VI .У даних словосполученнях визначте ключові слова та означення до них. Перекладіть рідною мовою.
Animal life, grain crops, poultry farm, animal products, milk yield, beef cattle, bee-hive, pig production, fish farming, milk farm production, silver-fox farm, farm house, farm-hand, zoo keeper, cattle-dealer, cattle-pen, cattle-plague, cattle-ranch, cattle breeder, farm animals breeding, live-stock breeding.
VII . Використовуючи таблицю пасивного стану дієслів, знайдіть присудки в реченнях та вкажіть, якими часовими формами вони виражені.
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Passive Voice
| Tense | Present | Past | Future |
| Simple (or Indefinite ) | am is done are | was done were | shall be done will be |
| Continuous | am is being done are | was being done were | ____ |
| Perfect | have been done has | had been done | shall have been done will |
1.Much of our clothing is made of wool from sheep. 2.Horses have been used by man as a source of power for a long time. 3.Many kinds of work are being performed by tractors, lorries and other machinery. 4.Many necessary products are supplied by farm animals. 5.The first domesticated horses were used by man for meat and skin. 6.These breeds of horses will be used in sport. 7.When young pigs were being suckled by their mother they received small portions of food at regular intervals. 8.The cows were milked after they had been fed. 9.The new fodder will have been brought by the end of the week. 10.Much of work has been done by livestock experts in improving our cattle breeds. 11.Some breeds of sheep have been raised for wool production. 12.Vertebrates are divided into several classes. 13.Agriculture is considered as an important branch of the national economy. 14.The chemists believe that animals like plants are mostly made up of such elements as oxygen, carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen. 15.Bee keeping is intensively practised on private plots.
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