Exercise 13. Study the information about the differences between the Gerund and the Participle I.
Gerund
1. Есть предлог Thank you for doing this work.
2. Есть притяжательное местоимение.
Excuse my interrupting you.
3. Указывает на назначение определяемого существительного или одну из его характеристик, неодушевленное существительное действие не
Participle
1. He имеет предлога
2. He имеет притяжательного местоимения
3. B форме левого определения определяемое существительное (одушевительное) само совершает действие (a sleeping child)
совершает (sleeping car)
4. Переводится инфинитивом, существительным или личной формой глагола в придаточном предложении Her task was looking after children
4. Переводится личной формой глагола
5. При перемещении слова направо сохраняется прежний смысл
boiling water = the water boiling
a landing problem = the problem landing
Exercise 14. Pick out participles, gerunds.
1. Keeping the secret won’t do any harm.
2. So thinking, he paused before his house door.
3. Adrian, glancing round, suddenly saw Kate.
4. The answer to this was unexpected.
5. Taking his seat, he looked at his watch.
6. All is getting the truth.
7. He entered, puzzled but interested.
8. The young man, having risked his life to save the child, disappeared into the crowd.
9. ‘ ... my habit of floating very low in water makes people on the shore think that I may be drowning.’
10. Teaching children is useful work.
11. She turned round on his entering the room.
12. Taking the candlestick in his hand, Mr. Pickwick walked quietly downstairs.
13. She can’t bear thinking of it or speaking of it.
14. He was good at gathering mushrooms.
15. Covering her eyes with her hands, she said something very softly.
16. He replaced used ash-trays on the table with fresh and refilled Dodo’s coffee cup, then the others.
17. She had no photographs of herself taken since her marriage.
The Subjunctive Mood
Exercise 1. Comment on the use of the Subjunctive Mood in complex sentences with clauses of unreal condition. Translate the sentences in to Russian.
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1. If you were me, here and now, what would you do? 2. He was a stranger to George and he was aware that if he met him in the street he would not recognize him. 3. They would enjoy themselves much more if they had a party of their own. 4. I shouldn’t have slept a wink all night if I hadn’t known you were safe. 5. If I were Jim I wouldn’t tell that to the judge. 6. If Howden had been less preoccupied he might have noticed that she seemed unusually radiant this morning. 7. If Miss Emily suffered half as much as she said she did, she would have sent for Dr Haydock long ago. 8. If you were a man you’d never speak to her again. 9. She was not old and if she had told you that she was forty you would have been quite willing to believe it. 10. If he closed his eyes, he thought, he would visualize the scene. 11. Oh, if he had had the better fortune to appear before another judge, more sympathetic, would the result be different now? 12. If it had been anybody else’s play, he would have rejected it. 13. If he did retire, would anyone notice the difference? 14. Miss Marple interrupted him: “Oh, but they were not on bad terms!” – “You know that for a fact.” – “Everyone would have known if they’d quarreled.” 15. Mum and Dad were so old-fashioned that if I took a girl home, they would consider her visit as good as shouting an engagement from the house-tops. 16. If his wife had gone away and left a note on the pin-cushion, it would be the first he’d known of anything of that kind.
Exercise 2. Supply the correct mood of the verbs in brackets.
1. If I (not to be) what I am, things (to be) so simply. 2. If you (to be allowed) to stay in Canada? What you (to do)? 3. I can only tell you that, if anyone (to suggest) to me yesterday that O’Murphy was a traitor, I (to laugh) in his face. 4. We are foolish and sentimental and melodramatic at twenty-five, but if we (not to be) perhaps we 9to be) less wise at fifty. 5. “If it (to be) an accident,” said Sir Henry gently, “I do not think Mrs Bautry (to tell) us this history.” 6. I’m no a doctor. If (to be), do you think I (to waste) five dollars on you? 7. If I (to be) you I (to do) my hair rather differently. 8. I (not to mind) if he (to say) my pictures were bad, but he said nothing. 9. After all, if he (to have) any talent I (to be) the first to encourage him. 10. I (not to go) if you (not to say) you’d come with me. 11. How it (to be) if I (to drop) around this evening? 12. If only I (to feel) that somebody wanted me, that I was of use to somebody, I (to become) a different person. 13. Your manners are all right. I (not to bring) you here if they (not to be). Don’t be uneasy. 14. If you (to let) me have my way before there (to be) no cause for our trouble tonight. 15. If I (to be) twenty-seven again I suppose I (to be) as big a fool as I was then. 16. Paul believed that his mother never (to say) the things she did if she (to know) that Paul could hear her.
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