I wonder/I'd like to know/Do you know?/Have you any idea?/Can you tell me? 4 страница
6 Why don't you go for a walk? . . . . . . a pity to stay in when . . . . . . so nice outside.
7 ... ... not any shadows because ... ... not any sun.
8 ... ... going to be a bus strike tomorrow. ~
... ... ...all right if ... ... a fine day; but if ... ... wet
... ... ... long queues on the Underground.
9 ... ... not any glass in the windows; that is why . . . . . . so cold in the room.
10 ... ... very wet yesterday; ... ... impossible to go out.
11 ... ...a lot of rain last week. ... ... floods everywhere.
12 ... ...a thick fog last night. ... ... several accidents on the motorway.
13 ... ... foolish to drive fast when ... ... foggy.
14 ... ... difficult to find your way round this town. . . . . . . so many streets all looking exactly alike.
15 Come on, children! ... ... time to get up! ... ... nearly breakfast time.
16 . .. . .. ... lunch time when we get to York, so let's have lunch there.~
No, ... ... not be time for lunch because our train to Edinburgh leaves York at 13.15.
17 ... ...a funny smell here. ... ... turpentine?
18 ... ...all sorts of stories about Robin Hood, but ... ... not known exactly who he was or what he did.
19 ... ... said that if you break a mirror you'll be unlucky for seven years.
20 As he had very bad sight ... ... difficult for him to recognize people.
21 'Can I have a Telegraph, please?' said the customer.
I'm afraid ... ... not any left,' said the newsagent. 'But . . . . . . a Guardian on the rack
beside you. Why not take that? ... ... just as good.'
22 ... ... not necessary to carry your passport everywhere with you but ... ... advisable to carry some document of identity.
23 ... ...a guard outside the door and ... ... bars on the windows.
... ... impossible to escape.
24 ... ...a garage behind the hotel? ~
Yes, but ... ... rather full. I don't think ... ... room for your car.
25 One night . . . . . . a heavy fall of snow which blocked all the roads.
Luckily ... ... plenty of food in the house.
26 ... ...a hotel in the village, so we decided to stay there.
. . . . . . a charming village and I was very happy there, but my children were bored because ... ... nothing to do in the evenings.
27 ... ... five flats in the building—one on each floor. Mine's on the top floor. . . . . . . no lift but ... ... supposed to be good for the figure to run up and down stairs, . . . . . .?
28 ... ...a pity you haven't another bedroom. ~
Yes, but ... ... quite a big loft, which I am thinking of turning into a bedroom. . . . . . .
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a skylight so ... ... not . . . a ventilation problem.
29 ... ...all sorts of legends about these caves. ... ... said that smugglers hid their goods here and that . . . . . . an underground passage leading to the village inn.
30 Tell me something about King Lear. ~
. .. . .. the story of a king who divided his kingdom between his daughters. ... ... foolish to give away your property like that. . . . . . . never certain that your family will behave generously to you in return.
31 Has Tom any more children?~
Yes. . . . . , . a daughter, Ann. ~
Oh yes, ... ... Ann who opened the door to us yesterday, . . . . . .?
32 He thought that ... ... better to say nothing about his change of plan.
33 . .. ...a long time before I got an answer. Then one day a letter arrived—well, ... ... not really a letter, for ... ... only one sentence on the paper.
34 ... ...a pond beside your house?— Yes, . . . . . . ~
How deep . . . . . .?
35 We've done all we can. ... ... nothing to do now but wait.
36 Just cross out that word and goon.... ... not necessary to begin again.
(or... ...no need to begin again.)
can and be able
PEG 136-8
Part I can, used to express ability with could, shall/will be able
Fill the following spaces, using can for present, could for past and shall/will be able for future. There is no need to use other able form in this section. Put to where necessary before the infinitives.
1 . . . you stand on your head? ~
I . . . when I was at school but I . . . now. (2nd verb negative)
2 When I've passed my driving test I . . . hire a car from our local garage.
3 At the end of the month the Post Office will send him an enormous telephone bill which he . . . pay. (negative)
4 I . . . remember the address, (negative) ~
. . . you even remember the street? (negative)
5 When the fog lifts we . . . see where we are. .
6 You've put too much in your rucksack; you never . . . carry all that.
7 When I was a child I . . . understand adults, and now that I am an adult I . . . understand children, (negative, negative)
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8 When you have taken your degree you . . . put letters after your name?
9 Don't try to look at all the pictures in the gallery. Otherwise when you get home you . . . remember any of them. (negative)
10 When I first went to Spain I . . . read Spanish but I . . . speak it. (2nd verb negative)
11 ...you type?~
Yes, I . . . type but I . . . do shorthand, (2nd verb negative)
12 I'm locked in. I . . . get out! (negative) ~
. . . you squeeze between the bars? (negative) ~
No! I . . .; I'm too fat. (negative)
Part 2 could and was able
In some of the following sentences either could or was able could be used. In others only was/were able is possible. Fill the spaces and put to where necessary before the infinitives.
13 He was very strong; he . . . ski all day and dance all night.
14 The car plunged into the river. The driver . . . get out but the passengers were drowned.
15 I was a long way from the stage. I . . . see all right but I . . . hear very well.
(2nd verb negative)
16 We . . . borrow umbrellas; so we didn't get wet.
17 . . . you walk or did they have to carry you?
18 I had no key so I . . . lock the door. (negative)
19 I knew the town so I . . . advise him where to go.
20 When the garage had repaired our car we . . . continue our journey.
21 At five years old he . . . read quite well.
22 When I arrived everyone was asleep. Fortunately I . . . wake my sister and she let me in.
23 The swimmer was very tired but he . . . reach the shore before he collapsed.
24 The police were suspicious at first but I . . . convince them that we were innocent.
Part 3 PEG 222 C, 223 B, 283-4
This section includes examples of could used for polite requests and as a conditional.
25 . . . I speak to Mr Pitt, please?~
I'm afraid he's out at the moment. . . . you ring back later?
26 If you stood on my shoulders . . . you reach the top of the wall? ~
No, I'm afraid I . . . (negative)
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27 If I sang . . . you accompany me on the piano?~
No, 1..., 1... play the piano! (negative, negative)
28 If a letter comes for me . . . you please forward it to this address?
29 She made the wall very high so that boys . . . climb over it. (negative)
30 They took his passport so that he . . . leave the country, (negative)
31 . . . you tell me the time, please? ~
I'm afraid 1. . . . I haven't got a watch. (negative)
32 If you had to, . . . you go without food for a week?~
I suppose I . . . if I had plenty of water.
33 . . . you lend me Ј5? ~
No, I . . . (negative)
34 They used to chain valuable books to library desks so that people . . . take them away. (negative)
35 He says that he saw Clementine drowning but . . . help her as he . . . swim.
(negative, negative)
36 If you had had the right tools . . . you have repaired the engine?
may
PEG 127-33, 285, 288, 340
Insert the correct form of may/might except in 10 and 36, where a be allowed form is necessary.
1 It - . . rain, you'd better take a coat.
2 He said that it . . . rain.
3 We . . . as well stay here till the weather improves.
4 . . . I borrow your umbrella?
5 You . . . tell me! (I think I have a right to know.)
6 Candidates . . . not bring textbooks into the examination room.
7 People convicted of an offence . . . (have a right to) appeal.
8 If he knew our address he . . . come and see us.
9 . . . I come in? ~
Please do.
10 When he was a child he . . . (they let him) do exactly as he liked.
11 I think I left my glasses in your office. You . . . ask your secretary to look for them for me. (request)
12 He . . . be my brother (I admit that he is) but I don't trust him.
13 I . . . never see you again.
14 He... be on the next train. We . . . as well wait.
15 If we got there early we . . . get a good seat.
16 The police . . . (have a right to) ask a driver to take a breath test.
17 You ought to buy now; prices . . . go up.
18 I'll wait a week so that he . . . have time to think it over.
19 He isn't going to eat it; 1... as well give it to the dog.
20 You . . . at least read the letter. (/ think you should.)
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21 You . . . have written, (I am annoyed/disappointed that you didn 't.)
22 We'd better be early; there . . . be a crowd.
23 Nobody knows how people first came to these islands. They . . . have sailed from South America on rafts.
24 You . . . (have permission to) use my office.
25 He said that we . . . use his office whenever we liked.
26 I don't think I'll succeed but I . . . as well try.
27 You ought to go to his lectures, you . . . learn something.
28 If we can give him a blood transfusion we . . . be able to save his life.
29 Two parallel white lines in the middle of the road mean that you . . . not overtake.
30 If I bought a lottery ticket I . . . win Ј1,000.
31 If you said that, he . . . be very offended.
32 I wonder why they didn't go. ~
The weather . . . have been too bad.
33 Warning: No part of this book . . . be reproduced without the publisher's permission.
34 He has refused, but he . . . change his mind if you asked him again.
35 . . . I see your passport, please?
36 He . . . (negative) drive since his accident. (They haven't let him drive.)
must and have to
PEG 144-5
Fill the spaces in the following sentences by inserting must or the present, future, or past form of have to.
1 She . . . leave home at eight every morning at present.
2 Notice in a picture gallery: Cameras, sticks and umbrellas . . . be left at the desk.
3 He sees very badly; he . . . wear glasses all the time.
4 1... do all the typing at my office.
5 You . . . read this book. It's really excellent.
6 The children . . . play in the streets till their mothers get home from work.
7 She felt ill and . . . leave early.
8 Mr Pitt . . . cook his own meals. His wife is away.
9 I hadn't enough money and I . . . pay by cheque.
10 I never remember his address; I always . . . look it up.
11 Employer: You . . . come to work in time.
12 If you go to a dentist with a private practice you . . . pay him quite a lot of money.
13 Father to small son: You . . . do what Mummy says.
14 My neighbour's child . . . practise the piano for three hours a day.
15 Doctor: I can't come now.
Caller: You . . . come; he's terribly ill.
16 English children . . . stay at school till the age of 16.
17 In my district there is no gas laid on. People . . . use electricity for everything.
18 Notice above petrol pump: All engines . . . be switched off.
19 Mother to daughter: You . . . come in earlier at night.
20 The shops here don't deliver. We . . . carry everything home ourselves.
21 The buses were all full; I . . . get a taxi.
22 Notice beside escalators: Dogs and push chairs . . . be carried.
23 'Au pair' girls usually . . . do quite a lot of housework.
24 Tell her that she . . . be here by six. I insist on it.
25 When a tyre is punctured the driver . . . change the wheel.
26 Park notice: All dogs . . . be kept on leads.
27 She . . . learn how to drive when her local railway station is closed.
28 Railway notice: Passengers . . . cross the line by the footbridge.
29 I got lost and . . . ask a policeman the way.
30 Farmers . . . get up early.
31 If you buy that television set you . . . buy a licence for it.
32 When I changed my job I . . . move to another flat.
33 Waiters . . . pay tax on the tips that they receive.
34 Father to son: I can't support you any longer; you . . . earn your own living from now on.
35 Railway notice: Passengers . . . be in possession of a ticket.
36 Whenever the dog wants to go out 1... get up and open the door.
must not and need not
PEG 146
Use must not or need not to fill the spaces in the following sentences.
1 You . . . ring the bell; I have a key.
2 Notice in cinema: Exit doors . . . be locked during performances.
3 You . . . drink this: it is poison.
4 We . . . drive fast; we have plenty of time.
5 You . . . drive fast; there is a speed limit here.
6 Candidates . . . bring books into the examination room.
7 You . . . write to him for he will be here tomorrow.
8 We . . . make any noise or we'll wake the baby.
9 You . . . bring an umbrella. It isn't going to rain.
10 You . . . do all the exercise. Ten sentences will be enough.
11 We . . . reheat the pie. We can eat it cold.
12 Mother to child: You . . . tell lies.
13 You . . . turn on the light; I can see quite well.
14 You . . . strike a match; the room is full of gas.
15 You . . . talk to other candidates during the exam.
16 We . . . make any more sandwiches; we have plenty now.
17 You . . . put salt in any of his dishes. Salt is very bad for him.
18 You . . . take anything out of a shop without paying for it.
19 You . . . carry that parcel home yourself; the shop will send it.
20 You . . . clean the windows. The window-cleaner is coming tomorrow.
21 Mother to child: You . . . play with matches.
22 Church notice: Visitors . . . walk about the church during a service.
23 1... go to the shops today. There is plenty of food in the house.
24 You . . . smoke in a non-smoking compartment.
25 Police notice: Cars . . . be parked here.
26 We . . . open the lion's cage. It is contrary to Zoo regulations.
27 You . . . make your bed. The maid will do it.
28 I want this letter typed but you . . . do it today. Tomorrow will do.
29 I'll lend you the money and you . . . pay me back till next month.
30 We . . . climb any higher; we can see very well from here.
31 You . . . look under the bed. There isn't anybody there.
32 You . . . ask a woman her age. It's not polite.
33 You've given me too much. ~
You . . . eat it all.
34 We . . . forget to shut the lift gates.
35 Mother to child: You . . . interrupt when I am speaking.
36 If you want the time, pick up the receiver and dial 8081; you . . . say anything.
need not and don't have to etc.
PEG 148-50
Replace the words in bold type by need not/need I? etc., or a negative or interrogative have to form.
I've been invited to a wedding; but I can't go. Will it be necessary for me to send a
present?
Shall I have to send a present?
1 It isn't necessary for him to go on working. He has already reached retiring age.
{He . . .)
2 Was it necessary for you to wait a long time for your bus?
3 It isn't necessary for me to water my tomato plants every day.
4 It will be necessary for them to get up early when they go out to work every day.
5 We had to stop at the frontier but we were not required to open our cases.
6 It wasn't necessary to walk. He took us in his car. (We . . .)
7 My employer said, 1 shan't require you tomorrow.' (You . . . come.)
8 It is never necessary for me to work on Saturdays.
9 When I am eighteen I'll be of age. Then it won't be necessary to live at home if I don't want to.
10 New teacher to his class: It isn't necessary for you to call me 'Sir'; call me 'Bill'.
11 Will it be necessary for us to report this accident to the police?
12 When you buy something on the installment system you are not required to pay the whole price at once.
13 Did you know enough English to ask for your ticket?
It wasn't necessary to say anything. I bought my ticket at a machine.
14 It isn't necessary to buy a licence for a bicycle in England. (We . . .)
15 Is it essential for you to finish tonight?
16 Is it necessary for people to go everywhere by boat in Venice?
17 Will it be necessary for me to sleep under a mosquito net?
18 Most people think that civil servants are not required to work very hard.
19 It wasn't necessary to swim. We were able to wade across.
20 It isn't necessary for you to drive me to the station. I can get a taxi.
21 Our plane was delayed so we had lunch at the airport. But it wasn't necessary to pay for the lunch. The airline gave it to us.
22 Is it obligatory for us to vote?
23 When you were a child were you required to practise the piano?
24 I saw the accident but fortunately it wasn't necessary for me to give evidence as there were plenty of other witnesses.
25 Small boy to friend: It won't be necessary for you to work hard when you come to my school. The teachers aren't very strict.
26 They had plenty of time. It wasn't necessary for them to hurry.
27 Is it necessary for you to take your dog with you everywhere?
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