C) the shortest functional unit of a language.
2.Fill in the gap:Cockney belongs to____________.
a) Northern accents;
b) Midland accents;
C) Southern accents.
3. Answer the question: Which of the articulatory characteristics given below does not fit the description of vowels?
A) there is an articulatory obstruction to the air stream;
b) muscular tension is diffused more or less evenly throughout the supra-glottal part of the speech apparatus;
c) the exhaling force is rather weak.
4. Answer the question:The pronunciation of which of the words given below can be considered an example of non-systematic differences between General American and Received Pronunciation?
a) letter;
b) furniture;
C) research;
d) student.
The supraglottal cavities of the articulatory apparatus that make the greatest impact on the produced sounds are
a) the larynx;
b) the nasal cavity;
C) the mouth cavity.
6. Answer the question:The pronunciation of which of the words shows both systematic and non-systematic differences between General American and Received Pronunciation?
a) archives;
b) numerous;
C) parquet;
d) poste restante.
The number of English vowel phonemes, which are traditionally distinguished by phoneticians in this country, is
a) 10;
b) 15;
C) 21.
8. The first one who introduced the term phonology as the science of purely linguistic (functional) aspect of speech sounds, opposed to anthropophonics (the proper phonetics in modern terms) was:
a) D.Jones;
b) J.N.I. Baudouin de Courtenay;
c) L.V.Shcherba.
The number of English consonant phonemes, which are traditionally distinguished by phoneticians in this country, is
a) 20;
b) 22;
C) 24.
The section of phonetics, which studies the correlation between the phonetic systems of two or more languages, especially kindred ones and finds out the correspondences between the speech sounds of kindred languages, is
a) general phonetics;
b) historical phonetics;
c) comparative phonetics;
d) theoretical phonetics.
The consonants articulated by the tip of the tongue raised against the teethridge and the middle part of the tongue which is simultaneously raised to the hard palate are called
a) alveolar;
B) palato-alveolar;
c) post-alveolar.
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According to the scale of sonority, English sounds, considered to be the most sonorous, are
a) back vowels (low, mid, high);
b) semi-vowels and sonorants;
c) voiced and voiceless consonants.
The sounds formed during the separation of the articulating organs in the pronunciation of which the complete closure gradually and uninterruptedly opens into a flat-slit narrowing are called
A) affricates;
b) cacuminal;
c) fricatives.
The representation of the sounds of one language as nearly as possible by the letters and letter combinations of another language is called
a) utterance;
b) transliteration;
c) transcription.
Vowels are subdivided into monophthongs, diphthongs and diphthongoids according to
a) the degree of tenseness and the character of the end of the vowel;
b) the position of the tongue;
C) the stability of articulation.
Retroflexed vowels which are articulated by the tip of the tongue curled back behind the back slope of the teethridge irrespective of the articulation of the vowel itself are typical of
a) Australian English;
b) General American;
c) RP.
17. Aspiration is stronger if p, t, k are
A) followed by a long vowel;
b) followed by a short vowel;
c) preceded bys.
The tone giving the impression that something is implied is
a) the high falling tone;
b) the rising-falling tone;
c) the falling-rising tone.
The type of syllabic structures,which characterizes only the English syllabic system and cannot be found in Russian, is
A) a consonant and a sonorant (CS);
b) a vowel (V);
c) a vowel and a consonant (VC).
20. Choose the statement which is not correct:auxiliary and modal verbs are
A) never stressed;
b) stressed when they begin a question;
c) stressed when they combine with the negative not;
d) stressed when they substitute notional verbs in answers.
Different types of sentences distinguished by intonation alone are called
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a) syntactical types;
b) communicative types;
c) parenthesis.
22. In speech a phoneme performs three functions. Answer the question:
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