VII. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции герундия.
1. One of the aims of the police is eradicating crime.
2. Fighting crime is a very difficult task.
3. Before passing its sentences, the court thoroughly investigates the causes of crimes.
4. Rehabilitating prisoners is a very complicated process.
5. After studying some penitentiary systems practically all European countries adopted the Pennsylvania system.
6. Criminal procedure must educate citizens in the spirit of observing laws.
7. A criminal investigation department is primarily responsible for detecting crime.
8. An arrest is taking a person into custody.
9. Punishment aims at reforming the convicted person.
10. Taking part in scientific conferences helps the students to master theory.
VIII. Преобразуйте прямую речь в косвенную. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1) He said, “I have already translated this text”.
2) She said, “Nobody can do this work as well as my friend”.
3) He asked me, “How long have you studied English?”
4) She asked him, “Where do you live?”
5) The teacher asked them,” Do you study Civil Law?”
6) My friend didn’t know, “I’ll go to London”.
7) I said to him, “Come back in an hour”.
8) He said to her, “Bring me the textbook in economy”.
9) She said, “ I didn’t read this article”.
10)The students asked, “When will the conference in Criminal Law take place?”
Контрольная работа № 4
I. Прочитайте и устно переведите на русский язык весь текст. Переведите письменно абзацы 1 и 3.
HOMICIDE
1. Homicide is simply the killing of a human being and may be lawful (e.g. the killing of an alien enemy in the lawful course of warfare) or unlawful. The unlawful homicides are murder, manslaughter, homicide by dangerous driving and infanticide.
2. A homicide may be committed by means of omission to act, but only where the omission constitutes a breach of a legal duty. It's an old rule of the common law, which has never been abolished that the death must occur within a year and a day of the infliction of the injury; otherwise it is irrebuttably presumed that death is due to some other cause.
3. Homicide is restricted to the killing of one who has been born alive. Where a baby has been killed, it is therefore necessary for the prosecution to prove that the baby enjoyed an existence independently. There is however no rule that the injury must have been inflicted after birth and the infliction of an injury before birth which causes the child's death after birth is an act of homicide.
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4.Homicides may also be non-criminal when conducted with the sanction of the state. The most obvious examples are capital punishment, in which the state punishes a criminal with death. Homicides committed in action during war are usually not subject to criminal prosecution either. In addition, members of law enforcement entities are also allowed to commit justified homicides within certain parameters which, when met, do not usually result in prosecution.
II.Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на сложное подлежащее.
1. Law is known to protect the interests of the ruling class.
2. That juvenile was reported to have committed a minor offence.
3. The bank is believed to have been robbed by a group of armed men.
4. He is sure to be discharged.
5. The court was expected to impose imprisonment for the given crime.
6. The accused is likely to receive no punishment at all.
7. The offender is unlikely to be placed on probation.
8. The witness is supposed to recognize the criminal.
9. The Labour party speakers seem to address the trade-union meeting.
10. The investigator is said to have solved the crime.
III.Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на заменители существительных.
1. British Parliament can make new laws and repeal old ones.
2. Scotland has its own legal system different in many ways from that of England and Wales.
3. All bodies of state power in our country are elected ones.
4. Each state has its own system of courts similar to that of the Federal courts.
5. A just war is one that is fought against aggressors.
6. Among other duties of the Procurator’s Office are those of investigating criminal cases.
7. The legislative function of a government consists of making new laws and alteration of the old ones.
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8. Sentences passed by the Crown Court are more severe than those of Magistrates’ Courts.
9. In the United States the district courts are the lowest ones in the federal court system.
10. Investigation in England is somewhat different from that in Russia and from that of the rest of Europe.
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