Прошедшее совершенно-длительное время
(The Past Perfect Continuous Tense)
Past Perfect Continuous образуется с помощью формы Past Perfect вспомогательного глагола to be (в форме had been) и Participle I смыслового глагола. Past Perfect Continuous на русский язык переводится глаголом в прошедшем времени в совершенном или несовершенном виде.
| Утвердительная форма | Вопросительная форма | Отрицательная форма |
| I had been asking, writing. | Had I been asking, writing? | I had not (hadn't) been asking, writing. |
| He (she, it) had been asking, writing. | Had he (she, it) been asking, writing? | He (she, it) had not (hadn't) been asking, writing. |
| We (you, they) had been asking, writing. | Had we (you, they) been asking, writing? | We (you, they) had not (hadn't) been asking, writing. |
Глагол в Past Perfect Continuous обозначает действие, которое началось в прошлом, длилось определенный период времени до какого-то момента в прошлом и, возможно, продолжалось далее. Этот момент времени обозначается точным указанием времени с предлогом by (by 1999, by the end of the last year) или другим действием в составе придаточного предложения.
By 1999 I had been working here for 5 years.– К 1999 году я проработал здесь уже 5 лет.
When my friend came, I had been working in the laboratory for an hour.– Когда мой друг пришел, я уже час работал в лаборатории.
Exercises
Put the verb in brackets into Past Perfect Continuous.
1. Clouds (gather) all day and now rain came down in sheets. 2. "I'm coming all right", said Mr Dilinger, who (shiver) for the last ten minutes. 3. I realized that he had come away with me in order to discuss once more what he already (discuss) for hours with his sister-in-law. 4. I slowly released a breath and only then realized that I (hold) it for some time.
Put the verb in brackets into Past Indefinite, Past Perfect and Past Perfect Continuous.
1. When I (leave) home, the snow already (stop). 2. It (be) 6 p.m. and Jack (be) tired because he (work) hard all day. 3. He clearly (listen) to our conversation and I (wonder) how much he (hear). 4. She (say) she (teach) at this school for twenty years. 5. He (say) he just (finish) the book he (read) all this time. 6. The postman (come) after lunch and (bring) me a letter which I (expect) for a long time. 7. It (rain) since the morning, and the fields (be) quite muddy.
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Put the verb in brackets into Past Indefinite, Past Continuous and Past Perfect Continuous.
1. When I (get) home that evening, my little son (eat) dinner himself for the first time. 2. My sister's wedding (be) the only thing anybody (talk) at home for the last two weeks. 3. They (go) back to the hotel and up to their suite, where they (expect) the inspector at six-thirty. 4. Presently he (turn) to look at the corner where she (stand). 5. Scarlett, who (fan) herself with a turkey-tall fan, (stop) abruptly. 6. He just (leave) for the airport when I (call). 7. "Who are you thinking of?", he (ask) after he (look) at me for a few seconds. 8. They (stand) in the open front doorway, waiting for her to come in out of the rain. 9. Their daughter (not / say) where she (sleep) and she (have) a curiously looking box in her hands.
Put the verb in brackets into Past Indefinite, Past Continuous, Past Perfect and Past Perfect Continuous.
1. Nobody (know) where Smith (go). 2. A girl who (stand) under the beech tree (come) up to us. 3. Mary (speak) to Mr Boxwell when I (see) her in the corridor this morning. 4. John (park) the car in Fifth Avenue when a young man in black glasses (appear) from nowhere and (stand) before him. 5. He again (come) to the village where he (live) in childhood. 6. While we (talk), there (come) a loud knock at the door. 7. He (look) into the drawing-room. The old man (sleep) peacefully in the armchair at the fire-place. 8. When their visitor (leave) John and his mother (stand) near the window. 9. When he (dress), he (go) downstairs, (write) a long letter to his parents and another to his sister. 10. She (welcome) her with a bright smile and (turn) back to the offensive dandy lions she (fight) with. 11. While she (read) this notice, a middle-aged woman (appear) in the doorway. 12. When he (come) back to the conference room, he (see) that the situation (change). 13. She (sit) at the table only five minutes when a car (come). 14. Their father (be) still silent, even when they (have) coffee. 15. The three (sit) down to the meal that Susan (prepare). 16. He (sit) thinking of his wife whom he (leave) alone in Europe. 17. They (look) over the accounts together and (find) where she (make) her mistake. 18. I (be) surprised at John's failure because he (be) such a good student previously.
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Keys
1. 1. had been gathering; 2. had been shivering; 3. had already been discussing; 4. had been holding.
2. 1. was leaving, had stopped; 2. was, was, had been working; 3. had been listening, wondered; had heard; 4. said, had been teaching; 5. said, had just finished, had been reading; 6. came, brought, had been expecting; 7. had been raining, were.
3. 1. got, was eating; 2. was, had been talking; 3. went, were expecting;
4. turned, was standing; 5. had been fanning, stopped; 6. was leaving, called;
7. asked, had been looking; 8. were standing; 9. didn't say, had been sleeping, had.
4. 1. knew, had gone; 2. had been standing, came up; 3. was speaking, saw;
4. had parked, appeared, stood; 5. came, had lived; 6. were talking, came;
7. looked, was sleeping; 8. had left / left, stood; 9. had dressed, went, wrote;
10. welcomed, turned, had been fighting; 11. was reading, appeared; 12. came, saw, had changed; 13. had been sitting, came; 14. was, were having; 15. sat down, had prepared; 16. sat, had left; 17. looked, found, had made; 18. was, had been.
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